I-dwarf birch (i-Betula nana, i-birch encane, i-birch emfishane; i-ernik; i-slate; i-carla; era), ngokuba ngummeleli wohlobo lwe-Birch, we-Bukotsvetnye ye-oda, isihlahla esiminyene esifushane.
Izici ze-Botanical nendawo yokuhlala
Amahlathi aseYurophu naseSiberia eseNtshonalanga kuvame ukubhekwa njengezwe lakhe, kepha manje iBirch emnyama ingatholakala eNyakatho Melika, e-Alps, engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Asia ngisho nase-Arctic. E-tundra, ezintabeni, ezixhaphozini ezinamanzi nasezithambekeni ezinama-acid, lesi sihlahla sezinhlobo, esiyingqayizivele ekubukekeni kwaso nezakhiwo eziwusizo, sathola indawo yaso yokuhlala: izakhamizi zaseNyakatho zisebenzisa amaqabunga namahlumela e-yernik njengomuthi, njengokudla kwezilwane, nokhuni njengophethiloli. .
Amagatsha e-birch emfushane ayashanela, awele. Amagxolo aqinile, ansundu noma onsundu. Amacembe amaqabunga amancane aluhlaza (afinyelela ku-15 mm), azungezwe ngesimo ngomphetho we-serated. Ekwindla, umbala uyahlukahluka kusuka kokuphuzi kuya kokubomvu. Ebusika, amaqabunga ayawa. Ukukhula okusha ku-velvety, okunamathelayo. I-Petioles yamapheshana amafushane (cishe ama-5 mm). Indawo ihlukile.
Ama-inflorescence awobulili obufanayo, mncane ngesimo sendlebe. Izithelo iyi-nati ellipsoidal enama-lobed acwebile ezinhlangothini (cishe 1.5 mm ubukhulu), owakhiwa ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni.
Isitshalo sikhula kancane. Kusatshalaliswa yimbewu nokusikwa. Isikhathi sokuphila sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-120.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Ngokusekelwe kulwahlukano olwethulwe kwi-Great Soviet Encyclopedia, lezi zinhlobo zemifino emincane ziyahlukaniswa:
- okuphansi;
- isikhumba;
- ojikelezayo;
- njalonjalo
Ekuhumusheni kwanamuhla, nezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile zokuhlobisa ze-birch emfushane, kufaka phakathi okulandelayo.
Ingcebo yegolide
I-Gold Treasure (I-Gold Treasure) - izinhlobo ezihlukile ze-ernik ukuya ku-80 cm ukuphakama futhi nomqhele cishe ngo-2 m ububanzi. Amagxolo amdaka onsundu. Ukuphonswa okwenziwe ngeqanda, okunamaqanda. Umbala ushintsha ngokuya ngokuvuthwa: kusuka kumithunzi e-raspberry kuya kwegolide. Ekwindla - phansi kubomvu.
Jung
I-Youngii i-birch ekhalayo. Lesi sitshalo siphezulu ku-4 m ukuphakama futhi sinomqhele oyindilinga wamagatsha alengayo cishe amamitha ayi-2 ububanzi. Umbala wamagxolo ujwayelekile: mhlophe ngemivimbo emnyama eqondile. Amahlamvu amahlamvu athunyelwe emaphethelweni, anombala wedayimane. Umbala - luhlaza okotshani, ekwindla - ophuzi.
Ukutshala, ukukhula okufushane kwe-birch
Ukuqala ukutshala i-birch emincane, ama-nuances alandelayo kufanele abhekwe:
- Isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke sokutshala ikwindla.
- Inhlabathi ine-acidic noma i-acidic kancane. Ingxube yenhlabathi ejwayelekile yengadi nge-peat nesihlabathi. Futhi, ukungeza izingxenye ezincane ze-humus ne-gravel ngeke kulimaze. I-Loam ingasetshenziswa.
- Umgodi mncane ngosayizi. Ngemuva kokufaka i-rhizome kuyo, kubalulekile ukuqondisa amagatsha ayo ngokucophelela.
- Phezulu kufafazwe kahle nomhlaba.
- Qedela inqubo ngokunisela okuchichimayo.
Imithetho Yokunakekela:
- Lesi sitshalo sinezithombe eziningi, kodwa futhi siyabekezelela isithunzi.
- Ngesomiso, ukufafaza nokunisela okwengeziwe (kufaka phakathi isikhathi sokuqala emva kokutshala) ngeke kuphume endaweni.
- Umanyolo usetshenziswa kabili ngonyaka: ehlobo - equkethe i-nitrogen (mullein, ammonium nitrate), ekwindla - nitroammophoska noma eyinkimbinkimbi.
- Musa ukukhulula inhlabathi ukuze uvikele ukulimala ezimpandeni.
- Kuzoba wusizo ukufaka ingaphezulu kwenhlabathi ezungeze isiqu sesihlahla - ukuvikela ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekuqothulweni okukhulu komswakama.
- Isitshalo simelana neqhwa. Isheltha ebusika ayidingeki.
- Izihlahla - ngonyaka wesibili ngemuva kokutshala. Ukusikwa kwamagatsha owonakele, kanye nokwakheka komqhele, kusekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
- Idinga ukwelashwa njalo ngenyanga ngenqwaba yama-insecticides kanye nesikhunta ukuvikela izifo nokutheleleka okuvela fungal. Izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu i-May bug ne-scoop.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: birch emfishane ekwakhiweni kwengadi
I-birch yokuhlobisa emfushane ilungele konke ukwakheka kwama-hedge kanye nezindawo ezivulekile zomhlaba: amapaki, amabala, izingadi. Futhi kuzobukeka kukuhle kumasayithi ahlotshiswe ngesitayela esingajwayelekile noma ngesitayela saseJapan; ngamachibi okufakelwa kuwo ahlanganiswe nezinwanyane ezinwabuzelayo noma ezinama-polar. Inketho enhle kakhulu yokwenziwa ngcono kwendawo yendawo noma ama-gazebos.
Ilungele ama-mixbord kanye nezingadi zamadwala ngokungezelela kwama-gentians nama-saxifrage.
Ukuhlanganiswa namabhungane we-cranberry, ama-ferns kanye ne-laws moss, ungaphinde uphinde wenze kahle ubuhlakani be-tundra. Futhi njengoba utshale ebhodweni lezimbali elingashoni, ungaphenduka kalula i-bonsai yegolide ibe ubuhle obuhle.
