I-Astilba isitshalo saphakade somndeni wakwaSaxifrage. Ubungqabavu bohlobo, obekubandakanya ukungabi bukhanya kwamaqabunga, busebenza njengesisekelo segama.
Inefomu elinqabile - "i-astilbe", futhi alithambekele - "i-astilbe" yowesifazane noma ubulili obuphakathi, kuya ngomthombo.
Incazelo Yesiko
I-Astilba edabuka eJapan, imelelwa ngama-inflorescence abukeka njengamaphazili emithunzi ehlukahlukene. Isihlahla sakhe sakhiwa ngamaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza okotshani. Ikhula ifinyelela kumamitha ama-2 kanti inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 nezinhlobo ezingama-40. Kukhona ibhokisi lembewu. Iqhakaza ezinyangeni zasehlobo, futhi kumakhaza, yonke le ngxenye ebekwe phezu komhlaba iyafa, kuyilapho izimpande zicashe ngokuphepha. Kukhona amasampula anezimpande ezinzima nezithambile. Zisuselwa ku-rhizome ephakathi, lapho kunezinqubo eziningi khona. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inqubo yokufa kwabangaphansi, kuyilapho okusha kuvela.
Izinhlobo ze-Astilba
Izinhlobo eziyi-12 zezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous zisakazekile, zazo izinhlobo ezingama-200 ezafuywa.
| Iqembu | Incazelo | Izinhlobo, inflorescence |
| Ama-Arends | Ihlukaniswa ngamabhushi aqinile, amade, akhumbuza ngebhola lawo lejometri, iphiramidi. Imithunzi - ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kobomvu. Izimbali isikhathi esiningi kunamanye amaqembu (izinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwengama-40). |
|
| IsiShayina | Ukukhula okungaphezu kwemitha, kugqame phakathi kwabanye ngamaqabunga amancane esiqu. Idume ngobuningi be-inflorescence efinyelela ku-30 cm ubude. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimfushane ezinama-inflorescences afana nesigaxa. Kuthatha ilanga eliningi. |
|
| IsiJapan | Isitshalo esincane (kufika ku-80 cm), siqhuma ngaphambili kunezinye izinhlobo. Okungenakungabaza, kulula ukususwa kwezimpande. Kukhombisa ubulukhuni obanele bebusika beqembu eliphakathi. |
|
| Iqabunga elilula | Udinga isimo sezulu esinomswakama kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi, ama-inflorescence anezela ukubukeka okuncane kwe-airy ezitshalweni ezincane (kufika ku-50 cm). |
|
Izindlela zokutshala nokunakekela
Izidingo zabalimi zihlukahlukene, futhi nazo izindlela zokutshala ziyehluka. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, imbewu ifaka ama-nuances amaningi, kepha ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise izinhlobo ezintsha, ezinye izinketho zilula ukuzisebenzisa futhi ziqinisekise ukukhula okusheshayo, kepha zibandakanya ukusakazwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, kunoma yikuphi, lesi sitshalo asisikho okumhlophe futhi ngamaphuzu ambalwa ayisisekelo kuphela azokuba nomthelela obalulekile kulinyalo lwaso oluqhubekayo.
Ukusakazeka kweRhizome
Le yinketho ephumelela kakhulu yokuzalanisa, esetshenziswa kaningi kunabanye:
- Isihlahla siyasuswa enhlabathini, siyiklebhule, ngenkathi sithatha u-15-20 cm wesakhiwo endaweni eyindilinga.
- Bese ukhipha bese unyakazisa kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivezwa kakhulu.
- Ngemuva kwalokho basika isiqu ngocezu lwezimpande ukuze okungenani zibe nezinso ezi-4.
- Isikhisi esomile siyasuswa.
- Phakathi perennials otshaliwe bagcina ibanga 30 cm.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, lesi sitshalo siyoqhakaza.
Ukutshala imbewu
Le ndlela ilungele ukuzalanisa okusha futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ukhule izinhlobo esezivele zaziwa. Ukuhlwanyela kuqala ekuqaleni kukaMashi ngokulungiswa kwengxenye ekhethekile yenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-peat nesihlabathi kuxutshaniswa ngokulinganayo bese kubekwa esitsheni esijulile. Phatha ingxube neqhwa elincane bese usabalalisa imbewu evuniwe ngaphezulu. Ukuncibilika kwalo kuzohambisana nokuthambisa kwenhlabathi, ukugcwala kwama-microelements awo kanye nembewu iyongena ngaphakathi.
Futhi ngemuva kokuba iqhwa selincibilikile ngokuphelele - bopha isitsha esikhwameni bese besishiya esiqandisini amasonto ambalwa. Imbewu ayifinyelelwa kuze kuvele izithombo. Ngemuva kokuhlanza izithombo endaweni efudumele (+ 18 ... +22 ° С), indawo eboniswe kahle kuze kuvele amaqabunga ama-3, kuthi ngemuva kwalokho ihlale ngokwahlukana. Ukuchelela kwenziwa nge-syringe ngaphansi kwempande. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona ubungozi bomonakalo.
Ukusakazwa kwezinso
Indlela inikeza imiphumela esheshayo. Inqubo ayiqali ngaphambi kuka-Ephreli, lapho kufika izinqubo ezintsha. Izinso ziyanqunywa, zithumba i-rhizome encane, bese kuthi okusikayo kukhishwe amagciwane ngamalahle. Yibe usunxenxa i-peat nge-gravel ngesilinganiso se-3: 1. Ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, isitsha simbozwe nge-polyethylene. Imvelo esele evulekile ayitshalwa ngaphambi kukaSepthemba, ngoba ekuqaleni balinda kuze kube yilapho i-astilba iba namandla.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala siwela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ukuqala kwehlobo. Imbali ayitshalwa ohlangothini oluseningizimu; ngaphezu kwalokho bayayikhetha indawo emthunzini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo zisazokwazi ukuzivumelanisa nobuningi bokukhanya, kepha maduze ziyeke ukuqhakaza. Ukuba khona kwesitolo sokugcina esiseduze kuzoba yinhlanganisela. Inhlabathi ifanelekile, lapho kuvela khona amanzi amaningi aphansi. Enye into ebalulekile i-acidity yenhlabathi, ithinta ngqo inzalo. Inani le-pH elingathathi hlangothi le-7 libhekwa njengalo lonke eliphakeme - i-alkali, futhi lisondele ku-5 - acidic. Ngokwesitshalo, kukhethwe inkomba encane ene-acidic (5.5-6.5 pH). Ukulungiswa kwesiza kuqukethe ukumba nokufaka umanyolo kuyo. Le ndawo ihlakelwa ngokucophelela, kuthi emva kwalokho umhlaba uvundiswe ngomquba. Amabhakede amabili ngesikwele azokwanela. Imigodi yokutshala yambiwa ifinyelela ku-30 cm ubukhulu, ithululelwa kumlotha omncane ngamunye wezinkuni kanye nomanyolo wezimbiwa. Ngaphambi kokutshala ,boza umgodi ngesendlalelo esincane somhlaba, uvikele izimpande ekushisweni. Imithi iniselwa kakhulu. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi imbozwe nge-peat.
Ngemuva kokunakekelwa kokufika
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-rhizome iyafa ivela ngezansi, ikhula. Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sitshalo siphulukana nokudla okuvela ezimpandeni, futhi kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi abalimi banesibopho sokwenza inqubo ye-hilling, ngenkathi behlola imvamisa yokunisela.
Ukunisela
Lapho ifomu le-inflorescences lifika noma izinsuku ezomile, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuthambisa okuningi kabili ngosuku.
Ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle okufanelekile kuqinisekisa impilo ende esitshalweni (iminyaka engaba ngu-20) noma ngaphandle kokushintsha isakhiwo. Kodwa-ke, njalo ngeminyaka engama-5-7, ukufakelwa namanje kusanconywa kulesi sitshalo.
Umanyolo
Kusebenza entwasahlobo:
- I-saltpeter;
- Urea
- Umquba;
- Ilitha.
Ehlobo, izimbali eziqhakazelayo zidla ipotash. Ezinyangeni zasekwindla, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali - phosphoric (20 g we superphosphate ngesihlahla ngasinye). Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umanyolo othengiwe, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ufunde imiyalo, ngoba izingoma nokugxila kuzohlukahluka phakathi kwezinkampani zokukhiqiza.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ukuze ubusika baphumelele i-astilbe, amahlumela anqunywa afinyelele ezingeni elifanayo nomhlaba. Beka ikhava ngesendlalelo esincane se-mulch. Lokhu kusebenza kuyadingeka emasimini asanda kutshalwa ngendlela yokuhlukaniswa kwembaza. Lesi sitshalo siyavuselela uma sehlukaniswe, kepha ngokuzayo impande ingaqina kakhulu kangangokuba kuzoba nzima ukwenza lokhu.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo kukhona izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinambuzane ezingalimaza isiko (3 isiyonke). Izinambuzane ezisasele zezinambuzane zivamile ezweni lase-astilbe. Ukuze uvimbele ukubonakala kwezivakashi ezingafuneki, zisusa ukhula ngesikhathi futhi zingenzi izilimo ezisindayo. Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukugwema izinambuzane, khona-ke thatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokuziqeda.
Isilo lesi sibeka izibungu ezinhlamvwini zamacembe, futhi ngokushesha kuvela izigaxa ezinamakha lapho. Amaqabunga ayaqwabelana kulokhu futhi abe amabala, bese ihlumela ngokwalo libuna. Ukulwa namapeni, kusetshenziswa izindlela zombili zabantu nezamakhemikhali.
Izigaxa zifafazwa ngomlotha wokhuni, ngaleyo ndlela zibhubhise izibungu ngaphakathi, noma ziphendukele ezindleleni ezinjenge-karofos noma i-actara.
I-Strawberry nematode idala umonakalo cishe kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo - efihlekile, amaqabunga nezimbali. Kamuva, ziba nokushintshana futhi zithole ukubukeka okungafuneki kwe-brown, ngenkathi ukukhula kwesihlahla kuncipha kancane.
Ukukhula engxenyeni yezimpande kubhekwa njengophawu lokuba khona kwendlala nemotode, kungaphakathi kwalezi zindlela lapho inkathazo ihlala khona, ngisho nangosayizi abancane. Kwikota yesibili yokukhula, i-nematode ibonakala kalula. Baqala ukubambezela ukukhula kwesihlahla, kuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana kuholele ekufeni kwayo. Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, bazama ukuhlola lesi sitshalo kaningi, nezimpawu zalesi sifo - babhubhisa okungapheli. Ukhula ngesikhathi kwenziwa, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuqala yokukhula. Icutshungulwe yiFitoverm.
UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: ukusetshenziswa kwe-astilbe ekwakhiweni kwengadi
Isitshalo singama sodwa futhi sidonse ukunakwa ekubukweni okuvamile, noma sinikeze ingxenye ethile yokwakheka.
I-Astilbe ivame ukuhlotshiswa ngezihlahla nezihlahlana, ibeka izihlahla zonyaka wokuqala emthunzini wazo. Kuzobukeka kukuhle futhi kungokwemvelo ngesigcini sokufakelwa engadini. Kuhambisana kahle nemikhosi eluhlaza futhi kwakheka ukufakwa okuhle ngayo. Kuyo yonke indawo ngenxa yokukhula kwayo - abamele amafushane badluliselwa phambili, kuyilapho izinhlobo nezinhlobo zemitha ezimbili zibukeka zizinhle ngemuva. Imvamisa isebenza njenge uthango oluhlaza. Efanele imingcele yokuhlobisa, ibuye ifakwe ebhodweni noma uyihlobise ngotshani. Ezinye izinhlobo zilungele imibhede yezimbali.
I-Astilba ifanela kahle ama-ferns, ama-geraniums. Kukhona izitshalo eziningi eziningi lapho i-astilba ihlangana khona kahle futhi ibukeka kahle.
