I-Ampel geranium (pelargonium) yiqembu lezitshalo zisetshenziswa ezingakhula zombili ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphakathi nezangaphakathi. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo imbali iyindawo eshisayo yase-Afrika. Ihluka nge-geranium ye-zonal ekuhlelweni kwamagatsha, awela ngokukhula. E-Russia, inhlobonhlobo eyodwa iyathandwa - i-geranium plushyelistaya (yegilo). Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengama-300 yaziwa ngokutshala ingadi, ikakhulukazi etshalwe ebhodweni le-cache.
Incazelo Ampel Geranium
Amahlumela esitshalo asontekile futhi angafinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-70-100. Banamathela ezintweni eziseduze, ngakho ama-geraniums avame ukutshala ngaphansi kwe-trellis noma aboshwe. Isitshalo sibukeka kahle ekhaya, uma ulungiselela igridi yokuhlobisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Amacembe aqine, amnyama aluhlaza e-pelargonium ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-5. Ububanzi bawo buvela ku-3 kuya ku-6 cm. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyehluka ngobukhona bamabala akhanyayo ebusweni. Amacembe amaqabunga akhula ezihlahleni ezinde.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isiko likhiqiza ama-inflorescence amaningi ama-umbrella, ububanzi bawo bungafinyelela cm 8-10. Ngayinye yazo iqukethe ama-buds amaningi, ukwakheka kwawo kungahluka kusuka enkanyezi okwenziwe ikhekheya noma elula, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Kukhona nama-terry inflorescence. Kwi-peduncle eyodwa, kufinyelela izimbali ezingama-50. Imvamisa zidwetshwa emthunzini owodwa: omhlophe, obomvu onsomi noma opinki. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ze-multicolor lapho okuphakathi nendawo kwephaladi kungumbala ofanayo, futhi umngcele nendawo ezungeze i-pistil noma i-stamens ziyaqhathanisa. Ama-peduncle angaphakama ngaphezu kwamahlamvu, noma awe ngo-10-30 cm.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-ampel pelargonium
Izinhlobo ezi-7 ezahlukahlukene zezimbali zithandwa eRussia.
| Ibanga | Incazelo |
| I-Amethyst | Ama-Terry buds of a pinkithunzi on peduncles ende. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Ampelic. |
| Rhapsody | Izimbali zingamaroni, ngombala ogcwele. Isihlahla siqabile, siqhakaza. |
| UJackie wegolide | Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amacembe kancane kancane aguqula umbala wawo ukusuka kokumhlophe ube opinki noma okhanyayo. |
| Ingwenya | Amapuleti amaqabunga ambozwe ngemithambo emhlophe, kanti futhi amabhulayo angamakhorali. |
| Roll | Ama-petals ahlukaniswa umngcele obomvu, futhi ama-inflorescences uqobo afana ne-alstroemeria. |
| UMartin | Izimbali zesigaxa somthunzi we-lilac ngaphezulu kwesihlahla esinamanzi. |
| I-Icerose | Ngokubukeka, ama-inflorescence afana ne-rose. |
Ukuzala
I-Ampelic pelargonium ingasakazwa kusetshenziswa imbewu nokusika. Indlela yokuqala yokukhula inekhono ngokwengeziwe, esesibili kufanelekile kubaqalayo.
Ukusika kufanele kwenziwe kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla sekwephuzile, lapho i-geranium isilungiselelwe ubusika. Kuyadingeka ukusika amahlumela amaningana ngobude be-7 kuya ku-10 cm. Kufanele kube namaqabunga ama-3-5 kuwo. Amaqabunga amaqabunga amaningi kakhulu angavimbela isitshalo ukuthi singathathi izimpande, ngoba konke ukondleka kuzoya kubo. Uma kunesidingo, unganciphisa amaqabunga ayi-1-2.
Ukusika kubalulekile ukulungiselela ngendlela efanele. Ziwuthinta kakhulu umswakama futhi zingabola ngokushesha. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kuzodingeka uzomise nge-5-6 elangeni noma ngaphansi kwe-phytolamp uma umlimi ekhipha ukusika ekwindla sekwedlule. Fafaza isilayi ngomlotha noma ngamalahle achobozekile, bese ulungisa inhlabathi ngasikhathi sinye. Ukwakheka okulungile kufaka:
- isihlabathi;
- umhlaba wefudu;
- Peat.
Ingxenye 1: 1: 1. Ingxube kufanele ixutshaniswe kahle, kepha inganciphisi kakhulu. Kufanele kube okuxekethile ukuze umswakama ungaqongeleli futhi akubangeli ukubola kwezitshalo.
Ngemuva kokumiswa, ukusikeka kufanele kutshalwe esitsheni esinomhlabathi olungiselelwe bese kugoqwa ngobunono azungeze ihlumela ngalinye ukuze kunganyateki. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, njengoba inhlabathi yomile. Emavikini la-2-2 ngemuva kwekuhlanyela, letihlahla titawuba nesistimu leyimisindvo lecinile, bese tingatjalwa kumabhodwe ahlukile. Kunconywa ukwenza ukucwebezelana ukuze wakhe isihlahla.
Ukuzala kabusha ngembewu kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, kuthatha isikhathi futhi kuyinde. Abalimi abanolwazi kufanele baye kukho. Le ndlela isetshenziswa njengengxenye yokuqapha, uma okungenani kubiza kakhulu ukuthola izithombo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Imbewu yePelargonium iqine ngokwanele, ine-peel enzima futhi ewugqinsi. Ngaphambi kokwehla, okuyinto eyenziwe kangcono ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi, kufanele zilungiselelwe:
- Usebenzisa iphepha le-emery lengxenyenamba ephakathi noma ifayela lesipikili, gaya ungqimba loxekile, uqaphele ukuthi ungathinti okuqukethwe okungaphakathi. Lokhu kuzovumela ihlumela ukuba liqandeke ngokushesha.
- Shiya imbewu emanzini amahora angama-24.
- Yonakalisa umuthi usebenzisa isixazululo se-potassium permanganate, bese womisa ikhophi ngalinye.
Lezi zenzo azidingeki, kepha zizokhulisa ukuhluma. Akuzona zonke izimbewu ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ngakho-ke umlimi udinga ukulungiswa ukuthi ezinye zazo ngeke zihlume.
Ukuze uthole imbewu, udinga ukulungiselela ingxube yomhlaba efanayo neyokusika. Imbewu kudingeka itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, oswakanyiswe kahle, onomfutho ongama-5mm kuphela. Bese ufafaza. Faka isitsha ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ku-mini-greenhouse izinsuku eziyi-10, gcina izinga lokushisa lama-degrees angama-22- 24. Ngemuva kokuvela, ifilimu ingasuswa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukunikeza inani elikhulu lokukhanya. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukukhanyisela amahlumela nge-phytolamp. Lapho isitshalo ngasinye esincane sinamaqabunga ayi-3 eqiniso, sivunyelwe ukutshala ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Izimo zokukhula kwama-ampel geraniums ekhaya
Ukunakekela i-ampel geraniums akuyona inkimbinkimbi.
| I-Factor | Izimo |
| Indawo / Isibani | Amafasitela aseningizimu, emgwaqweni - izindawo ezikhanyisiwe. |
| Inhlabathi | Ukudonsa amanzi okungenziwa ngodaka olwandisiwe kubalulekile. Vumela ukusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi eyomile nobumba. Kuyadingeka ukhulula inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile. |
| Imbiza | Ububanzi obuncane ukwenza imbali ibe yinhle ngokwedlulele. |
| Ukunisela | Njengomhlaba waphezulu woma. Ungavumeli inhlabathi yomile ngokuphelele, kepha ukugcwala ngokweqile komswakama kungonakalisa isitshalo. Ukufafaza akudingekile. |
| Umanyolo | Njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14 kusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Ekuqaleni kokukhula, i-nitrogen, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, phosphorus. Izakhiwo zamaminerali ezenziwe ngomumo zingasetshenziswa. Ekwindla nasebusika, ukondla akudingeki. |
| Izihlahla | Njalo ekwindla, kuthathwa amahlumela amade. Uma kunesidingo, ukwakheka kwesihlahla, unganquma amagatsha acashile entwasahlobo. |
| Ukufakelwa | Kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili noma njengoba ikhula. Umthamo omusha kufanele ube mkhulu ngo-1.5-2 cm. Uma uhlelo lwempande lungakacoliswanga ebhodweni, vele ushintshe umphezulu wangaphezulu. |
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: izici zobusika ze-ampelic pelargonium
Ekwindla yokuqala, ukunisela izitshalo kufanele kuncishiswe kancane kancane. Ekwindla nasebusika, i-pelargonium icishe ingakhuli, ngakho-ke uhlelo lomanyolo lumiswa ngokuphelele. Ukuvuselela kabusha imbali, udinga ukunciphisa amahlumela amade. Ngemuva kwalokho, ekupheleni kukaNovemba, isikhathi sobusika siyaqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbiza kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo. Uma ubude bosuku lwamahora bancishiswa kakhulu, okujwayelekile ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, kubalulekile ukuthenga i-phytolamp, ezohlinzeka ngokukhanyisela okwengeziwe kwesitshalo. Ngosuku okudingeka uluvule ngalo amahora angama-3-4, kuya ngobude bamahora okukhanya kosuku. Kubalulekile ukuthi ama-geraniums athole ukukhanya okuningi, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzonyamalala ngokushesha, abe buthaka futhi akhule ngokungahambi kahle ehlobo.
Kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lokuswakama kwenhlabathi. Ebusika, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya liyancipha, lingagxila emhlabathini futhi liholele ekuboshweni kohlelo lwezimpande. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuncishiswa okungeziwe kokushisa komoya. Ngezikhathi ezithile, igumbi kufanele lifakwe umoya, kepha imbiza akufanele ivunyelwe ukuhlala kusalungiswa. Lokhu kuzoholela ekunciphiseni kwesitshalo nokukhula kwezifo.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-ampelic pelargonium izothokozisa iso ngamahlumela amahle nama-inflorescences aqhakazile. Isitshalo asidingi ukunakekelwa okuthatha izinhlungu, kuyaqabukela ukugula nokuqhakaza isikhathi eside.
