I-Zinnia noma i-zinnia ekupelekeni kwasekuqaleni isitshalo esithanda ukushisa esithanda ukushisa esitshalwa ezindaweni eziphakeme njengonyaka.
Ubizwe ngemuva komqondisi weBotanical Garden, uJohann Zinn. Igama lesibili elidumile nguMajor. Ungowomndeni wama-asters, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-20, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 ziyafuywa.
Ziyahluka ngesimo nangombala we-buds ngesimo samabhokisa anomumo we-hemispherical or flat. Izinhlobo ezinde zitshalwa izimbali, ukusika izimbali kuma bouquets izinsuku ezingama-20. Kusetshenziswa izihlahlana eziphakathi nendawo eziphansi ekubonakaleni komhlaba. Ukulima ezolimo kulula.
Incazelo nezici ze-zinnia
Isihlahla sesimbali esinamahlamvu aqondile noma esisakaza iziqu zokuqina nokunwebeka okuqine okuqhuma kusuka phakathi nehlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Isiko le-thermophilic liyasaba iqhwa, alizimiseleli ukuhamba. Njengezitshalo eziningi emndenini we-aster, i-zinnia ayifunwa phansi, ithanda ukukhanya okuhle. Kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, kukhula kusuka ku-20 cm kuya kumamitha. Amaqabunga amakhulu kukhona i-ovoid enephoyinti elikhonjisiwe, elimnyama, luhlaza okotshani noma olugcwele satjani.
Khula ngokuhlukile noma ngo-whorls. Izithelo ziyi-achene yesonxantathu, isibopho noma ukwakheka okusaqanda.
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izingadi namapaki njengamasiko waminyaka yonke, yize endle enkulu ithathwa njengesihlahla esidala iminyaka eminingi. Ikhula eMexico, eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Abafuyi banciphise izinhlobo eziqhakaza kakhulu zemibala ehlukene nemithunzi, izimbobo zembali ziyisicaba noma zibe ngesimo se-hemisphere. Ama-petals abunjwe ngomhlanga awukhuli ngokuqondile, avame ukugoqa abe yishubhu, akha i-terry bud, kwesinye isikhathi igoqozele esicongweni.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-Multilayer, kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili, kuqala izinsuku ezingama-50-55 ngemuva kokuvela. E-Russia kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo bezithombo yezithombo.
Umugqa wokuqala wamahlumela amakhulu angaphandle yizimbali zesigaba sokuqala, imbewu ivuthwa kuzo, ezinye - ngaphakathi esihlahleni, ziyaqhakaza ngesiwombe sesibili, okwesithathu, kuzo imbewu ingahle ifumane izici zezinhlobo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-zinnia
Ukuhlukaniswa kwengadi okukhona kuqoqeka izinhlobo eziningi zezimbali ngokubukeka kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezi-4 ze-zinnias: zinomusa, zinezinyawo ezincane, zigeleza kahle, zihlukaniswe ngokuqondile, yize zangaphandle kubukeka njenge-myra-leaved emile.
Ubude besiqu buhlukaniswa:
- ama-zinnias aphezulu, atshalwe ukusika izingcezu zezimbali, lezi zingamakhasi aphakeme ngamasentimitha angama-60 kuye kwangama-90. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, ukukhanyisa, izinhlobo ezihlukile zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha;
- maphakathi, mude, ubude bawo bube ngamasentimitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-55, abelwa umklamo wokuhlobisa iziza;
- ezimile noma zinezimbali, ezimfishane, ukuphakama kwazo kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-30 cm, abukeka kahle ema-rockeries, emagqumeni ase-alpine, ahlobisa amakhabethe, atshalwe ezimbizeni.
Izinhlobo zemibala zikufanele ukubhekwa ngokuningiliziwe.
Unomusa
Ukubuka kwaminyaka yonke kwe-zinnia okunama-petals aminyene akha izicucu ezinkulu, ezixakile. Iqhakaza kusuka phakathi nehlobo kuze kube yilapho amazinga okushisa ebanda. Iqembu linezinhlobo ezimfishane, eziphakathi nendawo futhi ezinde. Izitolo ezinemibala zinobukhulu, ububanzi buhlukahluka, ubuncane obungama-3 cm, bufika kuma-17 cm. Iphalethi lezimbali ezahlukahlukene: ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kothsomi, amathunzi amaningi ophuzi kusuka kalamula kuya kokhilimu, obomvu kusuka obomvu kuya ku-maroon, kukhona i-carmine, i-orange, nsomi, i-lilac. Izinhlobo:
- Iqembu le-dahlia lama-zinnias amakhulu amakhulu agobhoza izigaxa ezinoxhaxha zesimo se-hemispherical ndivo abaningi kunabo. Reed petals ngomphetho oyindilinga, oqoqwe ngohlobo lwama-tile, ama-terry inflorescence, amakhulu, kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-14 cm. Khule kumakhosouthi, gcina ukwethulwa kwawo kuze kube ngamaviki ama-3. Izinhlobo ezithandwayo: iCalifornia giant, iDenaris Giants, usayizi wase-Russian ongu-F1 ongu-hybrid. Izindaba zokuzalela: I-Polar bear enama-inflorescence amhlophe qhwa, umqhele we-Lavender ngokumangazayo usentekenteke. ICrimson Monarch inombala we-carmine wezigqoko zezimbali, iphupho linombala we-lilac, ugcwele, umbala ogqamile, iHallo nge-coral pink inflorescences. IGiant Purple Prince noma uGinny onamakhanda asayizi kasoso onama-lilac hue, amacembe acwebezelayo, okhotho.
- I-Cactus-like noma i-zinnia enkulu enama-spiky petals ibhekisa ezinhlotsheni ezinde, izigqoko zikhululekile, amacembe asezingeni eliphansi, akha ishubhu eliminyene esicutshini. Uchungechunge oludumile lwe-Giant Cactus Flowers lwenzelwe izimbali, amachibi amade, afinyelela kumitha ukuphakama, izigqoko zezimbali zingumbala osawolintshi, obomvu, onelanga, nombala omnyama we-carmine.
- Ama-Chrysanthemums abhekwa njengamade-mude. Ama-petals makhulu, aqoqwe ku-terry buds. Amapharalethi anemibala ebonakalayo akha ithubhu noma abe nesimo se-curl.
- Ama-pompoms - ama-zinnias aqhakazile, anezihlahla, abonakala ngokuqina kwesihlahla, izimbali ze-hemispherical. Imithi ebandayo, ibekezelela isithwathwa esincane emhlabathini, siqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Izinhlobo ezithandwayo: I-Little Red Riding Hood, enguqulweni yasekuqaleni ebizwa ngeRotcopchen. amakati aphakathi nendawo anamagqoko agqamile anemibala ebomvu egcwele, amacembe awashoni elangeni; I-Tom-Thumb, izinhlobonhlobo ezimfushane ezifana ne-Little Red Riding Hood, kodwa imbali ayisixaka kangako.
- Umcabango - ama-zinnias asezingeni eliphakathi nendawo anezimbali ezikhululekile ezingamasentimitha angama-8-10 cm.Izinhlayiya mncane ngophondo oludwetshwe, olungenalingani, ezinhlotsheni eziningi ziyasonteka, zi-monophonic kanye ne-mosagated. Amagatsha ahlukahlukene agqamile we-Short-Staf aqukethe kahle, izihloko zezimbali zincanyana, ububanzi buyi-3.5-4 cm, imibala inombala obomvu: obomvu, amakhorali, ilanga, mhlophe, ayi-cherry.
I-Narrow-leaved
Leli yiqembu eliphakathi nendawo le-zinnias, ukuphakama kwesihlahla esiyindilinga kungamasentimitha angama-45-55. Izigqoko ezimibalabala zincane, kufinyelela ku-3.5 ubukhulu, isicaba noma iqonde, ifana ne-terry. Ama-petals of kwabantu omaphakathi, agoqa abe yishubhu. ube nombala ophuzi noma o-orenji osobala, imigqa yamaphalishi amancane enkabeni imnyama kunayo yonke. I-zinnia engaphandle eyindilinga yangaphandle ifana nemarigolds.
Okudumile, okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni zokwakheka komhlaba:
- Ikhaphethi yasePheresiya, esihlahleni esiminyene ngasikhathi sinye kunezihluma zemithunzi ehlukene ukusuka ophuzi welanga kuya kusafroni.
- I-KandyStrip, uhlobo olufushane lukakhaphethi wasePheresiya, ihlukaniswa yizimbali ezinemibala emibalabala, igama lesibili lezinhlobonhlobo yiTiger.
- I-Glorinshayn, inhlobonhlobo enesihlahla esicocekile esidotshwe izigqoko ezinombala o-orenji okhanyayo, kwesinye isikhathi umngcele onsundu onsundu obumnyama uyabonakala ezihlahleni.
- I-Cherry - i-hybrid emfushane enezimpande ezihlotshisiwe, esetshenziselwa ukuzalela ekhaya unyaka wonke emabhodweni, i-hemispherical, buds e-terry, ukuguqulwa kombala we-petal, i-orange phansi, isafroni esicongweni.
- I-Persian Carpet esesimweni ifana nokhaphethi wasePheresiya, umbala wamaphalishi umhlophe noma ulamula, izihlahla zinobukhulu, zinkulu.
Ama-nzalo
Abafuyi bathola izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa ngokuwela ama-zinnias amancanyana anomusa, izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa ukwakheka komhlaba:
- I- "ProfusionMixed", ikhiphe uchungechunge lwezinhlobo zemibala nokukhula ngaphansi kwalolu hlobo. Igatsha le-bush lihlotshiswe kahle ngezimbali ezingama-multilayer. Ama-petals ama-Hybrid zinnia afana ne-chamomile.
- Ingxube yemibala i- "Carousel" iyinhlobonhlobo ephakathi nendawo ye-zinnia, izigqoko ziminyene, amacembe ancishisiwe kuya encotsheni, ayahluka ngombala, mncane, akhula emgogodleni womthunzi ohlukile.
- Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Svizl zimelwe eRussia ngezinhlobo ezimbili zeCherry Ivory ezinamahlamvu amnyama asekhilimu amhlophe, amacembe aguqula i-hue esicongweni; I-Scarlet Yelou enamagqoko anemibala ebomvu egcwele, amacembe azungezwe umngcele omncane onsundu.
- I-Shaggy Inja - isihlahla eside kakhulu esinamahlamvu aqine, amancanyana asontekile, asontekile.
- I- "Magellan" iyinhlobo ekhula kancane enamahlamvu aminyene afinyelela ku-10 cm ubukhulu. Imibala ye-Hybrid: amakhorali, isalimoni, i-orange, i-cherry enamanzi, obomvu okhanyayo, ophuzi futhi ophuzi.
- I-Peppermint Stick iyi-hybrid ephakathi nendawo nenombala obushelelezi oguqulile wezipuni kusuka elangeni kuya ebomvu.
- Umona isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi anama-hemispherical flower e-shades ahlukene, asetshenziselwa ukupaka amapaki amadolobha.
Kugeleze amahle
Ngaphandle kufana ne-cosmea. Isihlahla sivulekile, siphakathi nendawo, isiqu sinciphile, sibomvana kancane, sihlukaniswe ngamadolo amancane. Ububanzi bezimbali bukhulu, bufika ku-3 cm. Amaphalishi awavuthwa kangako, amincane, awugqinsi, onsomi.
Linearis
Izinhlobonhlobo ezimfushane ze-zinnia, ukubukeka kwesihlahla esincane esifinyelela ku-30 cm, kuyindilinga. Lolu hlobo kwesinye isikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi yi-nyembamba-leaved, kepha luba ngaphezulu. Amaphara minyene, acishe, abukhali, aphuzi. Izinhlobo eziningana zokuzalela:
- IGolden Ai - imhlophe qhwa, irosette elimibalabala elifana ne-daisy, emgqeni umugqa omningi wamaphondo amancane.
- Isihlahla se-Caramel compact sihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezincane ezinezikhungo zobumnyama obumnyama, amacembe anobukhulu, matte, ophuzi.
- I-Yellow Star - izimbali eziphuzi ezigcwele satjani.
ILitteraris ikhule emafulethini njengesiko le-potnnial potted, ama-zinnias awathobeki ekuhambeni, abonga kakhulu ukuqhakaza okude.
Ukutshala i-zinnia
Isitshalo yi-thermophilic, asibekezeleli iqhwa, ezinye izinhlobo zokukhetha kuphela ziyabekezelela amazinga okushisa we-subzero.
Akhula izithombo ze-zinnia. Kugcinwa ekhaya noma ku-greenhouse kuze kube sekupheleni kwama-frost okubuya. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli, kulula ukuhlwanyela i-zinnia ezinkomishini zodwa noma ezibhebheni ze-peat. Inhlabathi ithengwa eyenziwe ngomumo, yonkana noma yamatamatisi. Inhlabathi yenziwa ngokuzimela ngokuxuba ngokulingana komhlaba we-turfy, isihlabathi somfula ne-humus.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ihlolwa ukuthi imila yini, amahlumela aqhamuka kungakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu. Izinsuku zokufakelwa zikhethiwe ngokwekhalenda yenyanga. Kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa amaphilisi we-peat, afakwe emanzini ngaphandle kokususa i-mesh yokugcizelela. Ngokutshala i-zinilla khetha amathebulethi anobubanzi obungamasentimitha angu-4. Esikhathini sesibili sokusebenziseka kalula, izinkomishi ngazinye, ungathenga amaphakethe we-cylindrical blister izingcezu ezingama-6-8. Faka imbewu ekujuleni kuka-0.5-1 cm. Lapho ukutshala kweqembu, gcina isikhawu okungenani esingama-4 cm phakathi kwezitshalo. Ukuze kuvela okusheshayo kwamahlumela e-zinnia, kudalwa izimo ezishisayo: iziqongo zokutshala zichitheka kahle, ziqiniswe ngefilimu, zihlanzwa endaweni efudumele, izinga lokushisa lokuncoma elitushiwe li- + 25 ... +27 ° С.
Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7. Ifilimu liyasuswa, izithombo zidluliselwa endaweni efudumele ekhanyisiwe.
Izici zokukhula kwe-zinnia
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, izithombo zihlanganiswa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi u-Agricola wezitshalo zasendlini. Ngokutshala okujwayelekile kwembewu ngesilinganiso esikhulu, i-dive zezitshalo zenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga eliphelele lesithathu.
Izinga lokushisa elikhudlwana alikho ngaphezulu kuka +22 ... +24 ° С, hhayi ngaphansi kuka +17 ° С. Uma izithombo zelula kakhulu, ziyayikhanyisa, zikhulise amahora okukhanya kwelanga abe ngamahora ayi-14. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza izinyanga ezingama-2,5 ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, izithombo zidluliselwa eminyakeni engama-4 kuya kwayi-6 ubudala. Ehlelweni lokukhula, ukungena kwe-pinching kwenzelwa ukubonakala kwamahlumela we-lateral, i-apex isuswa esiqwini. Ungayinqamula ngesikere, zitholakala ngaphambi kwegciwane.
Ukufaka umunyu ngesikhathi sokukhula kuqhutshwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ngenyanga. Kuyaluleka ukukhetha okuyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya i-potassium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus. Umanyolo weNitrogen wenza umkhawulo, ukuze ungacunuli ukubola kwezimpande. Okondla, i-superphosphate, i-ammophoska, i-potassium sulfate, umanyolo owenziwe ngomumo "Imbali", "I-Rainbow". Ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini, izithombo ziyashiswa - ziyiswa endaweni epholile, zivunyelwe ukuchitha ubusuku ngaphandle, okokuqala ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela kwendwangu, bese ngaphandle kwazo.
Ukunakekelwa kwesinamoni kwangaphandle
Ubunzima bezinyathelo ze-agrotechnical buhlanganisa ukhula lwezithombo, ukuchelela ngenkathi eyomile, ukugqoka phezulu ngesikhathi sokukhula, kususe amahlumela ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okusha kuzokwenzeka endaweni yawo. Uma inhlabathi iminyene, kungakuhle ukuthi kwenziwe ukukhululeka.
Cindezela kuphela izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zesihlahla. Iziqu zezimbali ezisa isithelo zishiywe dengwane, yebo, ukuze imbali ibe nesethulo.
UTsiniya akafuni ukuhamba. Ikhula kangcono endaweni enkhanya kahle, kepha futhi izothokozela ezindaweni ezinomthunzi.
Tsione ngemuva kwezimbali
Ngemuva kokundiza bezungeza amacembe e-bud, kwakhiwa isigaxa esine-fluffy esiqwini, lokhu okubhasikidi yembewu. Iyadatshulwa noma ishiywe ukuze ivuthwe. Ama-buds aqhakaze kakhulu, iningi noma lomugqa wokuqala limakwe ngemicu, imbewu iqoqwa kubo. Uma ufisa, izihlahla zingahanjiswa efulethini noma engadini ebusika.
Ukuvuna kanjani futhi nini imbewu ye-zinnia
Sika obhasikidi bembewu bomisiwe futhi bokhuke. Ngemuva kwalokho, ziyagoqwa ezintendeni zezandla ukuze kuvele imbewu. Ngaphambi kokupakisha ahlelwe. IZinnia inesici esehlukile: ama-bush ahlukene angakhula kusuka kubhasikidi owodwa. Lokhu kungenxa yesigaba sokukhula kwembewu.
Ngokutshala, shiya kuphela imbewu emise umkhonto eyindilinga enophondo olukhomba futhi imfishane ngompu olimpunga. Izinhlobo ezimise okwenhliziyo emnyama ziphonswa ngaphandle, izitshalo ezisezingeni eliphansi zokuhlobisa zikhula kuzo, noma ngabe imbewu iqoqwa ezihlahleni ezihlabayo.
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bahlukanise imbewu ngamaqembu. Bakhetha umkhonto obunjiwe ukukhula okhula okufushane okungama-buddy kanye namafulethi aphakeme, ahlanganisiwe ngomsila onsundu, imvamisa azuza ifa lokuhlobisa.
Imbewu ibekwa emaphaketheni, isayina unyaka wokuqoqa, umbala, okuhlukahlukene. Gcina imbewu ekushiseni kwegumbi ephepheni. Ngomswakama ophezulu, ukuhluma kwehla.
Zinna zisetshenziswa ebusika
Ezindaweni ezifudumele, lapho kungekho qhwa elinamandla khona, i-zinnia imbozwe nge-lapnik, iziqongo ezomile ezivela ku-peas, nezinye izinto ezixegayo. Yenza ukuvikelwa kweqhwa. Ubusika ubusika emhlabathini ovulekile, uphile entwasahlobo, uphinde uqale ukuqhakaza. Uma befisa, bayabiwa, bashiye inqwaba yobumba, idluliselwe ezimbizeni, izimbiza zezimbali neziqukathi. Kudluliselwa engadini ebusika noma efulethini ebusika. Ukuze ungayeki ukuqhakaza, kuqubuka izikebhe ezomile.
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-zynia
I-Zinnia ivikela kusuka kuma-slugs, izinambuzane ezindizayo ezinambuzane. Ukusuka ezifweni zokukhunta kusetshenziswa ama-fungicides. AmaZyniya akavamile ukugula.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: izinzuzo ze-zinnia engadini
Lesi sitshalo sihlwanyelwe izinhloso zokuhlobisa; sithatha indawo ebalulekile ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Kwaziswa abanikazi beziza. Izinzuzo ze-Zinnia:
- Iphalethi elikhanyayo lemibala yefomu nezithunzi ezisuka ophuzi kuya onsomi. Okuhlukile kunombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuphela okuhlukahlukene okuvezwa nge-lavender.
- Ama-Buds awapheli ngaphansi kwelanga, yima kahle esixekweni.
- Engafuni ukunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, ongamelana nesomiso, ongazethembi ekwakhiweni nasebuthweni benhlabathi.
- Izimbali ziheha izinambuzane ezivunguza impova: izinyosi, izimvemvane. Imbewu zidliwa yizinyoni.
- Isikhathi nokubekwa kwezimbali.
- Izinhlobo zezinto ezinhlobonhlobo, zikhula ezindaweni eziphakeme ezahlukene.
- IZinnia ayicindezeli izilimo zasengadini, imifino, akunzima ukukhetha indawo ongayitshala.
Lapho ukhetha indawo ye-zinnia, kufanele ucabangele izeluleko zabaqambi:
- Zitshalwa kakhulu ngamaqembu, ekutshaleni okukodwa, izinhlobo zezimbali ezinkulu zikhethwa.
- Incishisiwe - ukwakheka okuhle kwemingcele.
- IZynia ihlanganiswa kahle ne-asters, ama-marigolds, isafroni.
Ekupheleni kwesizini, ama-bush angadluliselwa emabhodweni, azokujabulisa ngezimbali unyaka wonke.
