I-Cherry inempilo kakhulu, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, izithelo ezihlwabusayo. Lesi sithelo sicebile kakhulu eziningana zezinto ezihlukile nezamavithamini emzimbeni wethu.
Kukhona inqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry, kunezinhlobonhlobo zobusika-hardiness futhi hhayi kakhulu, nge-immunity okuhle, futhi ukumelana nezilokazane, ukuhlukanisa nabo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Lokhu kufaka hlangana ekupheleni kwesikhathi kanye nesikhathi esiphakathi. Sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry yokuvuthwa ephakathi, okuthiwa "Intsha".
I-cherry yentsha: incazelo ehlukahlukene
Uma utshala insimu, ukuze uthole isivuno kanye nenzuzo enkulu kakhulu, kufanele uqaphele ngokukhetha kwezinhlobo nezinhlobo zezihlahla ofuna ukutshala.
Indima enkulu idlala ukuphikiswa kwezinkuni kubanda futhi zonke izinhlobo zezifo ezihlukahlukene. Kufanele futhi ucabange indawo esizayo yomuthi kanye nokutholakala kwezimo ezivundile zokulima.
Ama Cherries athande kakhulu umswakama, ilanga, inhlabathi ecebile ngobumba nesihlabathi
Uma uthenga izithombo, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ngokucophelela ikhwalithi yakhe, futhi ukuthenga okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ezitolo ezikhethekile nasematendeni ahlolwa kakade. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo eziwusizo kakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry zingabizwa ezihlukahlukene - intsha.
I-cherry yentsha izihlahla ezihlukahlukene skoroplodny, ehlukaniswa yi-fruiting yonyaka kanye nokuzala, i.e. Lolu hlobo lwe-cherry tree luvotelwa yi-pollen yayo. Ngenxa yokwelashwa kwayo, lesi sihlahla siyisilinganiso, futhi siyajabulisa ngesitshalo seminyaka engama-4-5 ngemva kokuduka. Unayo kakhulu ukukhiqiza okuphezulu - 10-12 kg we-Vichy ingaqoqwa kalula emthini owodwa.
Lolu hlobo lwe-cherry lubhekisela kuwo izinhlobo zokukhula eziphuthumayofuthi zivuthwe ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi futhi ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Ibukeka bokuqala, njengokwemvelo bubukeka njengehlathi eliphakathi, elilinganiselwa kumamitha amathathu phezulu. Okuhle ukubekezelela amaqhwa.
Okuncane kakhulu ngezithelo
Izithelo ze-cherry yentsha zikhulu ngokwanele, ngayinye ingane ifika cishe 4.5 amagremu isisindo. Unesimo se-oval, umbala omnyama we-burgundy nephunga elimnandi elicebile.
Ukunambitha izithelo elimnandi nelomuncu, ethandwa kakhulu ku-dessert, inyama yezithelo isemanzini futhi ilukhuni. I-Cherry inomsoco omnyama obomvu, onomsoco kakhulu kanye nethambo eliphakathi, okulula ukuhlukanisa no-pulp.
Izithelo zalolu hlobo lwe-cherry zingadliwa hhayi nje kuphela, kepha futhi kufomu elenziwe. Izimbiza ezimangalisayo, ama-compotes, ama-jams, ama-juice, ama-marshmallows, newayini lezithelo zenziwa kulezi zithelo. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi izithelo zentsha ye-cherry zithuthwa ngempela.
Izithelo zama cherry zicebile kakhulu kuma-organic acid kanye nama-macronutrients ahlukahlukene. I-Cherry iqukethe i-malic acid, i-succinic acid, i-citric acid, i-quinic acid, i-salicylic acid, kanye ne-magnesium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Manje mayelana nomuthi we-cherry osemusha
I-cherry ye-young is a medium noma ngaphansi ukuphakama isilinganiso kwesihlahla noma shrub esinomqhele ojikelezayo, kancane kancane.
Ukuzithoba umuthi okhulayo futhi libhekisela kwinani elincane lezinhlobo ezingesabi emoyeni owomile empumalanga ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Esihlahleni, ungabheka ubukhulu obujwayelekile bamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamaphethelo aphezu kwekhasi leqabunga.
Ngokuyinhloko isihlahla sithela izithelo ezinyangeni zonyaka odlule futhi kancane kancane emagatsheni asezimbali. Ngakho-ke, ngoba lolu hlobo lwe-cherry lubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni okuncane kanye nezihlahla zonyaka. I-cherry tree isakazwa ngokusika kanye nezimpande. Isihlahla sibekezelela kakhulu isithwathwa nesomiso.
Yiziphi izinkinga nezinzuzo zalezi zihlukahlukene?
Isithunzi se-cherry yentsha yukuthi ingenye yezinhlobo ezithembeke kakhulu zokuzikhukhumeza nokwehlisa amandla eMoscow zesihlahla izithelo eziphezulu ezithwala izinga elihle kakhulu.
Inzuzo kufanele futhi kubangelwa ukuthi yizihlobo ezizimele ezivuthiwe kanye nesikhathi sokuvuthwa esijwayelekile, esiqala ngoJulayi 20-25. Loluhlobo lwezinkuni lwanele ukumelana no yingozi kakhulu izifo ze-fungalI-cherry tree ethinta kakhulu i-coccomycosis ne-moniliasis. Ukunqotshwa kwentsha cherry, ehlobo elifudumayo ehlobo, yi amaphuzu angu-2-3.
Lolu hlobo lwe-cherry lungcono nokuba khona kwezithelo ezinkulu ezithela izithelo ezinhle njalo ehlobo. I-cherry ye-Youth iyinhlangano evumela kakhulu impova yezinhlobo eziningi zakamuva zama cherry. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nomoya ompumalanga omile, ubusika obubandayo kanye namaqhwa amakhulu, kuyilapho ukubekezelela isimo sezulu esibandayo kungabonwa kuphela ngokhuni, kodwa futhi kuhlumela izimbali.
Izinselelo ezikhethekile ezitsheni ze-cherries azikhiphi. I-cherry yentsha, njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zale mithi yezithelo, idinga ukwelashwa okudingekayo wonyaka ngamalungiselelo okuvimbela izifo ze-fungic - izifungicides.
Ama-cherry, kudingeka ukhethe indawo ekhethekile yokutshala, njengendawo ehlala phansi, ezindaweni ezingenamoya, ama-cherry athuthuka nakakhulu, futhi uma kukhona ukungabi khona kwe-potassium, i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, abathwali izithelo kahle. I-cherry yentsha idinga ukusika izihlahla zonyaka, ngoba kunomthelela oqine kakhulu womqhele, okuholela ekunciphiseni isivuno nesendle somuthi.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngokunakekelwa nokutshala kwe-cherry ezwayo.
Izici zokutshala isihlahla
Kusukela kanjani umuthi ngamunye uhlwanyelwe kahle, ukuthuthukiswa kwawo, ukukhiqizwa nokuqina kwakho kuncike. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokutshala isipula, funda imithetho kanye nezici zokutshala.
I-cherry yentsha inhle kakhulu Isikhathi sokufika singumthombo wasentwasahlobo. Ukutshala umuthi omncane entwasahlobo kusinciphisa amathuba okuqhwaza isitshalo ebusika. I-Cherry endaweni eyodwa ikhula kahle futhi inika isivuno cishe eminyakeni engu-15-16.
Kuhle ihluma emithambekeniNjengoba kunesilanga esikhulu nesomiso somhlabathi, kanye nokungabikho kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, izinga eliphansi kakhulu lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba li-2-2.5 m. I-cherries, i-neutral, i-alkaline encane, futhi enhle kakhulu inhlabathi evumayo iyakulungela kakhulu.
Ukutshala umquba, umgodi ugoba ngokucishe ube ngu-40-50 cm, ububanzi obufinyelela ku-70-80 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi kwabo li-2 m, emigqeni - 3 m. Umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo ezilinganiselwa ku-10-15 kg zifakwa emgodini, uma utshalwe, umlotha noma umanyolo we-potash enani lika-500 g ne-phosphate cishe ngo-150-300 gr.
Umhlabathi, lapho uzalisa ama-cherries ensimini, kufanele ugcinwe uhlanzekile, unomsoco futhi ukhululekile. Ekwindla, umhlabathi ugoba kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-15 ukuya kwangu-20, futhi eduze kwesihlahla somuthi - 10 cm.
Izihlahla ze-Cherry zondliwa ngamanyolo. Ukondla umuthi kwenziwa ngokumba izihlahla zomuthi. Inani lokugqoka okuphezulu lixhomeke esikhathini sobuhlahla, isimo sayo, kanye nokutholakala kwezakhi eziwusizo enhlabathini.
Eminyakeni emithathu noma emine emva kokuphuma, Izihlahla zondliwa entwasahlobongesikhathi esisodwa, kusetshenziselwa umanyolo kuphela we-nitrogen, kubalwa ngehora elilodwa le-sq. m. Umhlabathi - 20g we-urea, eyongezwa enhlabathini.
Ukuze kube nokuthuthukiswa okungcono komuthi omncane, ekuqaleni kwe-fruiting yayo, umquba noma umquba ufakwa enhlabathini. Isixazululo sekhomende esithathwe ngokulingana: 1 isikwele. imitha, cishe 10 kg; urea - cishe 25 g; i-potassium chloride - 20 g; izinkuni - kuze kufike ku-200-300 g; superphosphate elula - 60 g noma superphosphate kabili - 30 g.
Lapho umuthi uqala ukuthela izithelo, ukufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali kuyaqhubeka, futhi inani lemifuno ekhulayo kufanele lenyuke libe ngu-15-20 kg.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekwindla bayondliwa nge-phosphate kanye nama-fertilizer umquba, eziphilayo - entwasahlobo nasekwindla, nase-nitrogen fertilizer - kuphela entwasahlobo. I-lime inikela ngezikhathi ngezikhathi, ngenani elihambisana ne-indicator ye-acidity yenhlabathi.
Ama-cherries amancane avame ukudla ngendlela ethandwa abantu abaningi, ehlanganisa ukwethula izinyoni emhlabathini we-dung noma umquba womquba. Kuphumelela kakhulu ukondla umuthi urea, isixazululo sihlanjululwa ngesilinganiso sama-40 g we-urea ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukugqoka okucacile kwe-foliar kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ukuze uthole intuthuko enhle kanye nokuvunwa okuphezulu, uma utshalwa ubusha be-cherry, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha indawo efanele yokufika. Kungcono ukutshala lesihlahla esihlabathini esinezihlahla ezinomsoco noma onesihlabathi endaweni evulekile evulekile, evikelekile emoyeni obandayo nganoma isiphi isakhiwo.
Ngomuthi we-cherry esakhiweni sezwe, indawo eseningizimu ishiywe yizakhiwo, hhayi kude nezicingo, lapho i-microclimate elula kakhulu idalwa khona futhi inani eliningi leqhwa lihlala.
Konke cherries kakhulu kakhulu thanda inhlabathi emanziNgakho-ke, izwe eliseduze nalesi sitshalo livame ukuphuziswa, futhi umuntu akufanele akhohlwe nge-aeration. Ezimweni zethu, i-cherry ikhula kahle kwi-loamy, inhlabathi eyaneleyo evuthayo futhi evuthayo, ecebile izakhi.
Ungasincoma for izinkuni cherry ezisindayo, eluhlaza loamokujulile isihlabathi futhi ama-peatlands. Umuthi we-cherry nawo ubekezelela umhlabathi omuncu kakhulu.
Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-cherry, isithelo umuthi kakhulu kakhulu isifo sezifo ezifayo, kanye nezinhloso zokuvimbela, lezi zitshalo ziphathwa ngesisombululo se-urea. Ukucubungula okunjalo kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwe-efihlekile yokuqala, nangokuwa kwekwephuzile, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala.
Uma lesi sihlahla sasisenaso isifo, kubalulekile ukufeza ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali "Topaz" noma "Topsin". Kusetshenziswe izikhathi eziningana. Isigaba sokuqala sokwenziwa okunjalo senziwa lapho isihlahla sesiphelile, okwesibili - ngoJuni, okwesithathu - emva kokuvuna.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izithombo ngokucophelela, ngoba izinga le-sapling libaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni kanye nokukhula okufanele. Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezisezingeni eliphansi futhi ezithengiswayo kakade ezithengiswayo, ngakho-ke kufanele zithengwe kuphela ezitolo ezikhethekile noma abathengisi abanolwazi nangokwethenjelwa.
Ukuqaphela lokho izinhlobonhlobo ze-cheretal ngokuvamile ungavuki futhi wande ngokunamathisela.
Yiziphi izici zokunakekelwa kwe-cherry?
Ukucubungula imibuthano ye-pristvolny, ukuchelela okufanele nokwanele, ukutshala izitshalo ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzane, ukusika amagatsha nokuqothula, izigqoko ezimhlophe, ukukhulula inhlabathi eduze kwesihlahla kanye nomjikelezo womqhele yizo zonke izakhi ezibalulekile zokunakekelwa kwesihlahla kwe-cherry yentsha.
Ukutshala ama-cherries ensimini yakhe, kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama womhlaba. Umswakama ama cherry udinga ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwehlobo kanti entwasahlobo, lapho isihlahla sihluma, amahlamvu kanye namahlumela aqala ukukhula ngenkuthalo. Inhlabathi phakathi nalesi sikhathi kufanele ibe ngamanzi ngokulinganisela, kungenjalo ukuwa okunamandla kwama-ovari kungenzeka.
Ukweqiwa komswakama akuvumelekile, inani elikhulu lifaka ekufeni kwezimpande nokumisa ukukhula kwesihlahla, amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka, phezulu komqhele womuthi umile
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu uma unakekela umuthi we-cherry osemusha yiwo izihlahla ezihlelekile ezihlelekile. Emithini emincane, umqhele ukhula ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke udinga ukusika izihlahla ezincane.
Uma ukusika izihlahla, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amanxeba amaningi kumcibisholo oyinhloko namagatsha omzimba angeke akhiphe, futhi ukunakekelwa okuncane komhlaba, ngokusika izihlahla ezinzima, kungabangela ukugaya.
Inhloso yodwa yokudubula i-cherry yentsha isinciphisa umqhele wayo ukuze uthole ukukhanya okwanele kuwo. Ukucwiliswa komqhele kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqala komuthi, uma kwenzeka ukhula ngo-30-40 cm ngonyaka, kuyilapho ukuxubana nokugubha amagatsha kuqedwe.
Uma ukuqina komqhele oqinile kwenzekile, akukhuthazwa ukuba kwenziwe izihlahla ezinjalo zomuthi onjalo. Ukukhipha ama-cherry ngomqhele obukhulu kakhulu kwenziwa ngezinyathelo, ngaphezu kweminyaka eminingana.
Ukuphakama kokukhula kwe-cherry ehlathini kukhishwa ngokulinganiselwe ngumlimi wensimu mayelana namamitha angu-2-2.5 ukuphakama.
Ungabizi kahle, ukhohlwe ukushisa kwelanga nokushisa kwamaqhwa. Ukuvikela izihlahla ezivela ezinjalo ezinjalo ekwindla ngasekupheleni kufanele ukucwilisa skeletal obukhulu amagatsha, iziqu futhi i-stumps. Ngezinye izikhathi ukugcoba okumhlophe kuqhutshwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ebusika.
Futhi, ukuze kuvikelwe amagatsha e-shtambov kanye namagaleke abonakalisiwe, izindawo ezivulekile zezinkuni zinconywa ukuba zihlanganiswe ne-pitch pitch.
Ungakhohlwa ukuvikela umuthi kusuka kumagundane nezinambuzane. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuhlunga okuvamile kuqhutshwa, futhi isihlahla somuthi sihlanganiswe namagatsha ezinaliti esisha ebusika.
Ukuqaphela yonke imithetho nemilomo engenhla, ungakhula umuthi omuhle we-cherry engadini yakho ngesikhathi esifushane futhi uqoqe izithelo eziningi zalesi sitshalo esingenakusihlwa sithelo njalo ngonyaka. Sebenzisa isakhiwo sakho segadi ngezinzuzo zezempilo nemiphefumulo.
