INasturtium (capuchin) ingeyomndeni wakwaNasturtium, kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingama-90. Inezimpande zaseNingizimu Melika, kepha esimweni sezulu esibuhlungu siyakhula.
I-Nasturtium yathola ukuthandwa ngenxa yokungazinakekeli kwayo ekunakekelweni, ukuba khona kwezinto zokupholisa nokunambitheka okuhle. Ine ukwahlukana ezinhlotsheni zonyaka kanye zonyaka.
Incazelo nezici ze-nasturtium
Isitshalo singumvini onesiqu esiqinile, ezinye izinhlobo zimelelwa izihlahlana. Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo alayishiwe, izimbali zijwayelekile, kunezinhlobo ezi-2, ezinesiqingatha nokuphindwe kabili. Kuqukethe amacembe angama-5, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, inani lawo linganda. Amathunzi amelelwa ophuzi nobomvu, ama-buds enikezwe impahla yokuphulukisa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-nasturtium
INasturtium inezinhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ngayinye yazo ihlukile, inezici eziningi. Cabanga ngabathandwa kakhulu kubo.
Okwelinye izwe
Amahlumela ekuphakameni angakhula afike kumamitha ayi-3.5. Izimbali zesikhathi esiphakathi, ziqala maphakathi nehlobo, ziphela ngokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala, isikhathi sincike esifundeni sokutshala.
Inezimbali ezincane, upende omuhle ophuzi. Amaqabunga amahlumela angahlukaniswa ngama-5 noma ama-7. Lapho ikhule eziphethweni eziphakathi kwezwe, imbewu ayinasikhathi esanele sokuvuthwa.
Okukhulu
Amahlumela ayasibuthaka, kepha aqine kakhulu. Zikhula ngobude obungamamitha ayi-2,5. Izinhlobonhlobo ziqondile futhi ziyakhasa. Zombili lezi zinkampani ezisetshenzisiwe zisetshenziswa ngokuphelele ekuhlobiseni izingadi, ama-gazebos.
Izimbali ziqala ngenyanga yokuqala yehlobo (Juni), ziphela ngokuqala kwekwindla. Ukuzitshala kungcono kakhulu kule nhlobo, imbewu iyakwazi ukugcina ukuhluma iminyaka emi-4, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokugcina.
Lolu hlobo lunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana, ngasinye sazo esingafani nezinye:
| Ibanga | Izimbali |
| INkosi Theodore | Kufakwa ngombala obomvu okhanyayo wamacembe. |
| Peach Melba | Ikhadi elivakashelayo ubukhona bezindawo ezibomvu kuma-buddha anemibala enokhilimu. |
| Salmon Baby | Isakhiwo esilinganiswe kabili, sinikezwe umthunzi we-salmon. |
| I-Ladybug | Umbala we-apricot, ngaphakathi kwawo kukhona amabala amancane e-burgundy. |
Isiko
Luhlobo lwe-hybrid. Amahlumela anamahlamvu aminyene, aluhlaza okotshani, onsomi. Kuyabonakala kakhulu ngokuma ume ngokubhekisele emuva kwezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Izinhlobo zihlukaniswe ukuphakama:
- I-compact - ikhula ibe ngu-0.5 m ukuphakama.
- Ukukhamba - okude kakhulu, kuze kufike ku-4 m ubude.
- I-Dwarf - incane, ingama-20 cm kuphela.
Lezi zinqubo zifaka izinhlobo:
| Ibanga | Incazelo | Ukuphakama (cm) | Izimbali |
| UGleming Mahagani | Phansi | Kufika kuma-40. | Banesakhiwo se-terry ngokubomvu. |
| IGlobal Globe | Isihlahla sikhula ngesimo sebhola. Amaqabunga amahlumela nawo anendawo eyindilinga. | 25. | Hue ophuzi, wegolide |
| UMonlay | Okude kunakho konke kwalokhu | ubude bufika ku-200. | Umbala uyinkukhu. |
Encane
Amahlumela athambile, aqotjhwe kahle, kepha abude bude, angamasentimitha angama-35. Amaqabunga akhula ngesimo sesihlangu, ajikeleze ngesimo. Izimbali zincanyana ngosayizi, ziphuzi ngombala zinamabala amnyama ngaphezulu.
Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni, ziphela ngo-Okthoba.
| Ibanga | Incazelo Ukuphakama (cm) | Izimbali |
| I-velvet emnyama | Abantu babeyibiza nge- “Lady's Mobile”. 30. | I-Maroon, umbala omuhle we-buds, kwezinye izindawo useduze kakhulu nomthunzi omnyama. |
| Wasukuma uCherry | Isihlahla esincane. 30. | Inikezwe ngesakhiwo se-terry, red red. |
I-thyroid
Izithelo ezihuquzelayo ezinwabuzelayo, ezineziqu ezintekenteke kakhulu, kodwa ezinamafutha. Amahlumela aluhlaza ngombala omnyama ngombala, angafinyelela ekuphakameni okungafika kumamitha ayi-4. Amaqabunga nawo umthunzi oluhlaza omnyama. Izimbali ngokwazo zinombala omuhle obomvu ocebile. Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni, ukuphela ku-Okthoba, noma kunjalo, kuya ngesifunda, lapho kuqala isithwathwa, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuncishisiwe.
Abalimi abaningi bezimbali bathanda izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezibizwa ngokuthi uLusifa. Inamabhishi amile, ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelela kuma-25 cm. Iziqu ziluhlaza ngombala, amaqabunga makhulu, futhi anombala oluhlaza, kwesinye isikhathi anokushintshwa kube lula kubomvu obumnyama.
Ama-buds alula, i-orange-burgundy. Ngaphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo zikaLusifa, izinhlobo ezinjenge-Azure, Multi-leaved, Ciliated, Tri-color, neFine zisetshenziselwa umhlobiso. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinhlobonhlobo azilungele ukutshalwa ezindaweni eziphakathi kwezwe lethu.
Izici ze-nasturtium ezikhulayo
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bahlukanise amaphuzu ayi-5 okufanele aqashelwe kahle ukuze kufinyelelwe imiphumela ephezulu lapho kukhula i-nasturtium:
- Lesi sitshalo sinezimpande eziseningizimu, ngenxa yalokho, yi-thermophilic. Isikhathi sokufika ngqo sincike kulokhu. Uma ushesha nalolu daba, kunengozi enkulu yokulahlekelwa yimbewu, ngoba zimane zibulawa amakhaza.
- Ukuze luhlaza endaweni ethile yasekhaya, kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza izithombo cishe ngo-Ephreli. Kunconywa ukutshala izithombo kuphela izinkomishi ze-peat, noma ngokukhethekile enephasi elingabuyiseleki, ngoba i-nasturtium inezimpande ezintekenteke kakhulu.
- Isitshalo esithambile. Ngokusekwe kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukubeka lesi sitshalo esikhaleni esikhanyelwe kahle yilanga, noma ukukhanya kwesithunzi. Ukunganakwa, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga, isitshalo sizofa.
- Ngokuphathelene nenhlabathi, i-nasturtium ithanda inhlabathi evundile nenamanzi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, lesi sitshalo sizokhula kahle, kepha izimbali zizothuthukiswa kahle. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele usebenzise umquba omusha. Kumanyolo, kunconywa izakhiwo eziyimbumba ne phosphorus ne potassium.
- Ukukhula okuhle, inhlabathi enomswakama iyadingeka. Amahlumela amasha adinga ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, kuphela kulesi simo azothola ithuba lokukhula kahle. Lapho nje i-nasturtium iqala ukuqhakaza, ukuthambisa kwenziwa kuphela uma womisa umhlabathi, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo ngeke sikwazi ukuthuthukisa inani lezimbali namaqabunga. Uma kwenzeka womswakama obedlulele, kunengozi yokuthola isifo sokubola.
Izindlela zokuzala nasturtium
Njengazo zonke izitshalo eziningi, nge-nasturtium, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokusakazisa ukutshala imbewu.
Imvamisa ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa lidlula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala ulungiselele ama-grooves akhethekile, ukujula kwawo kungabi ngaphezu kwe-2 cm, kube nebanga phakathi kwawo okungenani amasentimitha angama-25. Kunconywe ukubeka imbewu yezingcezu ezi-2-4 ndawonye, lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kwakhiwa irosette ebushelelezi.
Ngemuva kokutshala imbewu emhlabathini, kufanele imbozwe ngengqimba yomhlaba, kodwa incane. Uma kwenzeka kuba nesithwathwa esibandayo, indawo okufika kuyo imbozwe ngefilimu ukuze ifudumale. Amahlumela angabonakala ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10. Izithombo zezimbali ziqala inyanga kamuva.
Kungenzeka ukuthola ukuqhakaza kwasekuqaleni, ngoba le nasturtium kumele ihlwanyelwe izithombo ngo-Ephreli. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa amabhodwe we-peat, isihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi ye-peat, enezinhlanyelo ezingama-2-3. Icwiliswa enhlabathini ukuze ingabi ngaphezu kwama-2 cm. Ngaso leso sikhathi, iziqukathi ezinezithombo zibekwa endaweni evumayo ukukhula.
Lokhu kukhanya okwanele kwekamelo, ngenkathi izinga lokushisa elikulo akufanele lifinyelele ku-+22 ° C.
Uma kungekho inani elikhanyayo lokukhanya egumbini, isitshalo siqala ukukhula ngentshiseko, kepha-ke, kanye nalokhu, kuqala ukulimala.
Ukuze kulondolozwe izimpawu zezitshalo ezihlobisa umhlobiso, abatshali bezimbali batusa ukusakazwa ngokusikwa. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kangcono ezimweni zokugcina ukushisa. Lapho nje kuvela izimbali, izitshalo zitshalwa enhlabathini elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile emabhodweni, noma ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa-ke, udaba lokufakelwa luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo lubucayi kakhulu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle kweNasturtium
Ukuze udale izimo ezinhle ze-nasturtium, udinga ukukhetha indawo enelanga kakhulu engadini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi kumele ikhishwe. Uma umcako ukhona enhlabathini, isitshalo ngeke sitshalwe lapho.
Ukufakwa emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngenyanga yokuqala yehlobo.
Ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande ezintekenteke zesitshalo nganoma iyiphi indlela, ukutshala enhlabathini kufanele kwenziwe kumabhodwe we-peat.
Inhlabathi kufanele ivundile ngokulingana. Isici esibalulekile kulolu daba ngumehluko phakathi kwamanzi asemhlabathini esizeni, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizoqala ukubola, isifo sizobola. Uma kutshalwe ngezithombo, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga okungenani lama-20 cm phakathi kwezitshalo.
Masinyane nje ngemuva kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukugxilisa inhlabathi, lokhu kwenziwa ukuze utshani bokhula bungabonakali.
Ukuchelela kuyadingeka njalo, kuhlelekile, kepha ukuze amanzi abe nesikhathi sokufakwa ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi, afinyelele ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zohlelo lwesitshalo.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuqhela kwezimbali okuqinile kusetshenzisweni kokugqoka okuphezulu okususelwa ku-potassium ne-phosphorus. Ngenxa yabo, imbewu ivuthwa ngokushesha, bese iwela emhlabathini uqobo.
Uma self-seeding ayidingeki, izimbali ezinwabuzelayo zisikwa ngokushesha. Eduze nekwindla, imvamisa yokunisela iyancishiswa, izinqubo zomhlabathi zomile ngaphandle, i-nasturtium ibhujiswe ngokuphelele.
Ukuqoqwa Kwembewu Ye-Nasturtium
Ukuze uqoqe imbewu, kuqhuma isigaxa esisodwa; izimbali ezomisiwe lapho imbewu zakhiwa khona azisuswanga kuso. Luhlaza ngombala, esikhundleni sikhulu ngosayizi. Ngesikhathi sokutholwa kwembewu, ziluhlaza. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-50, zivuthwa, zithole umbala ompunga.
Ukuze uthole imbewu, akudingeki ulinde zize ziwele bese kwenzeka ukuzilawula ngokwakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu ibekwa ezikhwameni zamaphepha, lapho zilindele isizini efudumele elandelayo yonyaka.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-nasturtium
INasturtium ivikeleke ezifweni ezithile, izinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, kukhona namanje ukugula lapho i-nasturtium ingaphansi kwayo.
Okuvame kakhulu ukubola okungwevu. Ivezwa izindawo ezinamawolintshi ansundu emaqabungeni. Ngalesi sifo, izitshalo ezinegciwane ziyachithwa, zishiswe. Izitshalo ezingomakhelwane ziyafafazwa ngesisombululo esikhethekile, umsebenzi wazo ukuqothula ama-causative agents alesi sifo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nasturtium ekwakhiweni komhlaba
Ama-Nasturtiums ayisembozo somhlabathi, isihlahla nokukhuphuka. Lokhu kubalulekile ukukucabanga, ikakhulukazi lapho uhlela indlela ethile yokwakheka komhlaba, isixazululo sokuhlobisa Ingasetshenziswa ngokuphelele ukudala umthunzi wokufakelwa kuma-gazebos, ukudala uthango oluhlaza. Futhi, ngosizo lwayo, ungafihla amaphutha abonakalayo ezindongeni zezakhiwo, ngoba lokhu udinga ukutshala isitshalo eduze kwabo.
Izinhlobo ze-Shrub, kunconywa ukubeka emabhodweni amakhulu, zilungele indawo eseduze kwendawo ekhishini ehlobo.
Ukukhula kwe-nasturtium ekhaya
Lesi sitshalo singasetshenziswa futhi njengomhlobiso we-balcony noma i-windowsill. Futhi hhayi njengokumiswa komhlaba engadini. Ukukhula ekhaya akufani nokukhula emhlabathini ovulekile.
Umehluko kuphela, igumbi lapho lesi sitshalo sikhona, kuzodingeka ukuthi likhangiswe kaningi, ngoba lidinga umoya omusha. Futhi okunye kuyefana, ukuchelela, ukugqoka okuphezulu ngokwecebo.
UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: ukwelapha izakhiwo ze-nasturtium
INasturtium ibhekwa njengesitshalo esiyingqayizivele. Akukona ukubukeka okuhle kuphela, kepha futhi nohlu lwezakhiwo eziwusizo.
Ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali wesitshalo kukhona amavithamini, izakhi ezilandelwayo. Kusetshenziswa amaqabunga amancane ekuphekeni, kufakwa kumasobho, amasangweji, amasaladi, namakhekhe, ama-marinade.
Iphunga elimnandi le-nasturtium linikeza inyama ukunambitheka okumnandi.
Ngaphezu kwezici zokupheka, i-nasturtium iyingxenye yezimonyo zemvelo. Kusetshenziswa ngokumelene nokuqina, ukucasuka kwesikhumba okuhlukahlukene ekhanda lomuntu. Futhi, izakhi ngazinye zokwakheka zifaka isandla ekukhuleni kwezinwele ezikhulayo. Ukusuka ezinhlanyelweni ungalungiselela i-decoction ekhethekile edinga ukuhlanza izinwele zakho. Lokhu kuzobanika ukukhanya namandla.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu, lesi sitshalo siqukethe uwoyela obalulekile, osiza ngezinkinga zokugaya, futhi uqinisa ukungatheleleki komuntu jikelele. Ama-creeper buds ahamba kahle ekususeni ukuvuvukala; i-nasturtium iyingxenye yamafutha okugcotshwa kanye nokunciphiswa okuhlukahlukene kobuhlungu.
Kunemithi esekwe kulembali. Zisetshenziselwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, namakhaza.
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zabantu, imbali isiza nasengadini. Ngenxa yephunga elivelayo, izesabisa ezinye izinambuzane ngokwazo, nakwezinye izitshalo.
