Izitshalo zokwelapha zesitshalo esinjenge-burner ziyaziwa kubantu ezindaweni zethu zasendulo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Esikhathini esedlule, kwakungavamile ukulimazwa ngokwehlukana, ngoba lesi sitshalo singatholakala cishe yonke indawo, kodwa, ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu sezulu kanye nemvelo, saqala kancane kancane emasimini nasemadlelweni. Esihlokweni sethu uzothola ulwazi mayelana nezici zokutshala, ukunakekela lolu tshani nencazelo yezitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo zayo.
Incazelo ye-botanical
Ukuzikhethela kubhekisela ezitshalweni ezinomsoco we-herbaceous futhi kunamagama amaningi abantu abahlukene, okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi koku: imifino utshani, ukugwaza kwegazi, utshani obandayo, i-wild rowan, umcibisholo we-owl. Ummeleli ovamile we-genus Pepter iyi-pulpary pulp, eyaziwa nangokuthi ikhemisi, noma i-glandular.
I-burner ine-rhizome encane ejwayelekile, evame ukuphakama engena phezulu, ubude bayofinyelela kumamentimitha angu-10-12. Kusuka ku-rhizome ephakathi kunezimpande eziningi ezincane nezinde kakhulu. Isitshalo sakha, kusuka kumamentimitha angu-30 kuya ku-1 imitha ukuphakama, kaningi kungashadile, ingxenye yayo engaphezulu kaningi amagatsha, ngaphakathi enomgudu oqhubekayo, ubushelelezi kuya othintweni, ongenalutho.
Uyazi? Ngokwesiko elidala, zonke izingane ezincane zelashwa futhi zenziwa ukuvimbela izifo ze-neurolo ngosizo lwalesisitshalo. "Ukulala emgodleni phakathi kwama-clumps bese uveza iphunga lawo," kwakuyi-recipe yendabuko yempilo enhle.
Amaqabunga, asesifundeni se-basal, asele-petiolate ende, kunesayizi enkulu, i-pinnate, ingxenye yawo engenhla iluhlaza okomnyama okombala, okhanyayo, ingxenye engezansi ilula futhi ilula. Amapheshana ezitsheni aziphelelwa yisikhathi, sessile. Zonke zinezimo zeqanda elixubile futhi zibukhali, emaphethelweni e-sawtooth.
Izimbali zincane, ngokuvamile zibomvu, Bakha amakhanda ngesimo se-oval noma i-spike, 1.5-3 amasentimitha ngobukhulu, atholakala kuma-peduncles ende. Ama-bracts - amade, anesiboya, anesundu, anezinambuzane. Inqubo yezimbali ivela ehlobo. Njengesithelo, lesi sitshalo sinika amantongomane anomsindo we-tetrahedral uhlobo lombala obomvu, amamitha ayi-3-5 ngobukhulu.
Kuyo yonke inkathi, izitshalo ezinjalo ezimi njalo zizokuthokozisa ngokuzihlobisa okuqhubekayo: umphathi, i-Badan, i-astilba, i-geykher, i-hellebore, i-stonecrop, i-viola, i-tradescantia.
Ukusabalalisa nokuhlala
Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo singatholakala emasimini, emkhunjini nasezindaweni ezimile, emaphethelweni ahlambalaza nokuhlanza, eduze kwamagquma namabhange, emahlathini ezinhlanzi ezithile. Ikakhulukazi iningi lingatholakala emanzini. Uhlobo oluthile lwe-burnet lubhalwe ku-Red Book yaseLatvia, ezinye izindawo zase-Ukraine naseRussia.
I-Krovokhlebki yanda phezu kwendawo yonke cishe yaseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, kanye nasezindaweni zaseMpumalanga Asia ngezulu elishisayo. Izibonelo ezithile zingatholakala nase-Asia Ephakathi, ezintabeni zaseTien Shan. ERussia, lesi sitshalo sisakazwa ingxenye yaso yaseSiberia, izifunda zaseMpumalanga Ekude, ingxenye yaseYurophu naseCaucasus.
Uyazi? Igama lesiRashiya lala makhambi lilandelwa ngokugcwele kusukela kwisiLatini esithi "Sanguisorba", elihunyushwe ngokuthi "sanguis" - igazi, "sorbeo" - lithatha.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokushisa
Ukubukeka kwazo zonke izinhlobonhlobo zotshani okucatshangelwayo kuyafana okufanayo; kuphela umbala we-inflorescences, ubude bawo futhi ngezinye izikhathi ubukhulu nokuma kwamaqabunga kwenza umehluko. Nasi uhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezishisayo:
- Tana - ethandwa kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla ezakhiwe ngokuzikhandla zalesi sitshalo, ezinezimpande ezibomvu ezikhanyayo, okuphakama kwawo kufikela ngamasentimitha angu-80.
- Iphutha elimnyama - sinomdlana kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo olujwayelekile lwesakhiwo seqabunga kanye nombala okhanyayo obomvana we-inflorescences.
- I-Rhesus - unezimbali zombala omnyama omnyama kanye namaqabunga ahlukaniswe kahle ngamaphethelo amancane.
- Menzies - ineziqabunga, umkhawulo wayo unomngcele omhlophe, kanye namaqabunga amancane ayingcosana, ubude obungaba ngamasentimitha angu-5-6.
- Kuhle - isifunda se-Ussuri. Eyaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngezindawo zayo zokuhlobisa. Uthola ama-inflorescences amakhulu, anezinwele ezinombala obomvu obomvu ophuma emthini, owenza amaqabunga amahle.
- Dull - ikhula ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezizintaba, ineziqu ezibomvu ezibomvu ezibomvu kanye neziqu ezide kakhulu.
Izinhlelo zezokwelapha
Phakathi kwezakhiwo zokwelashwa zalolu isithombo kungenziwa i-antimicrobial, i-tonic, i-hemostatic, i-astringent, i-tonic ne-immunostimulating. Iningi lazo zonke izinto ezizuzisayo eziphilayo zitholakala kwi-rhizome yesitshalo. Ikakhulukazi impande yawo iqukethe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-tannins, isisindo esilinganiselwe salo ngokuphathelene nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali kufinyelela ku-20-25%.
Ngesisekelo somsuka we-burnet, kunesisindo semithi ehlukahlukene ehloswe kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphakathi. Futhi uma ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezidakayo nokuxubha ukuze uphathe ukucasuka okuhlukahlukene, ukulimala nokuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi kwezidakamizwa ezisekelwe kule simila bubanzi kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimaphi amakhambi abantu abasebenzisa lesi sitshalo, thola ukubonisana kokuqala nodokotela ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi yokwelapha kanye nokuphendula okwehla.
Isibonelo, kunezidakamizwa ezenzelwe ukuqinisa ukusebenza komzimba, ukuphatha isifo sohudo, ukuqeda ukuvuvukala okwedlulele, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamathumbu emathunjini, ukuphatha izifo ezihlukahlukene zamapulmonary, ezibonakaliswe yi-hemoptysis, izifo zesimiso sokuzala.
Ngayinye yalezi zimali, njengesimo se-decoction, ukumnika, itiye, amafutha, amakhandlela, njll, idliwe ngokwemiyalelo ehlanganiswe kuyo.
Futhi, ukuzivikelwa komzimba kunethonya elihle: i-safflower, i-horseradish, i-garlic, i-savory, i-apula, i-ramson, i-fir, i-walnut emnyama, i-aloe, i-almonds, i-sturgeon emhlophe, i-viburnum, i-dogwood, i-magnolia, i-mint, i-basil, i-melissa.
Ukukhula ekhaya
Umshisi wokushisa - isitshalo esingahlehlisi izimo ezikhulayo, futhi ukuzinakekela, njengomthetho, akuyona into enzima kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokucabangela lokhu ngenhla, kunezici ezikhethekile zokulima kwazo, ongayithola ngemininingwane engezansi.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukukhanya okukhulu kwelanga, Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukuveza ngokugcwele amakhono ayo okuhlobisa, kutuswa ukuba utshale i-corot ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe. Ukwandisa i-coot emiphakathini ekhaya kuyakwenzeka, kodwa ngokusemandleni le ndlela yokuzala yalesi sitshalo ayikwazi ukukhiqiza futhi ingenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukuba uyinakekele.
Utshani obuluhlaza kulula futhi awunabungozi ngokwalo buthwala ngobuningi bamanzi ahlukene endaweni yokukhula kwawo, ngakho asikho isidingo sokukhetha isayithi okungenzeka ukuthi siseduze nezindawo zokuqoqwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba namanzi. Lesi sitshalo sithinta kalula kalula ithonya lemimoya nemidwebo, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kweqabunga lamaqabunga nezimbali ngeziqu, ngakho-ke ungayinaki le nkinga uma ukhetha indawo yokufika kuyo.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene nezindawo zomhlabathi, umanyolo wazo, indlela yokuzimela ngokuzimela ngobuningi bomhlabathi esakhiweni, ukuthi ungayikhipha kanjani, futhi uthole ukuthi kuncike ekutheni uthuthukise kanjani inhlabathi.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha inhlabathi evundile, ecebile ezinhlobonhlobo zamaminerali nezinhlobo eziphilayo, kuyoba ngcono ukuyihlwanyela nge-chernozem ngesakhiwo esivulekile, esibucayi. Inhlabathi enobuntshisi nobumba obunokuthungwa komzimba nawo kufanelekile. I-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto engathathi hlangothi, noma okungenani, i-acidic kancane. Inhlabathi enobuthi ingenelela ekukhuleni okwanele nokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sitshalo.
Njengoba kunendawo eyanele nenhlabathi, uLugovka ayidingi ukugqoka ngaphambi kokutshala futhi ekukhuleni, kepha uma ubona ukuthi lesi sitshalo asinakho umanyolo, kufanele uchithe imijikelezo engu-2-3 yokushintshanisa amaminerali nokugqoka okwenyama. I-Superphosphate ngesilinganiso sika-150-200 amagremu ngalinye ibhakede lamanzi lizofaneleka njenge-feed mineral, futhi imifino ye-mullein noma evutshiwe ingasetshenziselwa ukufaka umquba nge-organic matter 1:10.
Kubalulekile! Qaphela ukuthi utshani obusha iminyaka engu-5-7 akunakwenzeka ukutshala endaweni yokukhula kwamagundane endala ngenxa yesimo "sokukhathala kwenhlabathi", futhi ngenxa yokuthi izingxenye ezithintekayo izifo ezihlukahlukene nezifo ezivela kuzo izitshalo ezintsha ezingatheleleka zingase zihlale emhlabathini.
Kungcono ukutshala lesi sitshalo ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga noma emva kokushona kwelanga., ngoba ukuxhumana kwama-fertilizer ngelanga kungaholela ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali, lapho isitshalo sizoshisa khona iziqu. Kudingeka ukuthululela amanzi ngamanyolo ngqo ngaphansi kwempande, uzama ukungagcini iziqu kanye namaqabunga. Uma uhlose ukutshala i-krovloblebka enhlabathini engenalutho, kutuswa ukuba u-fertilize ngaphambili kanye ne-superphosphate kulezi zindlela ezingenhla.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Inani eliningi ngokwanele lemithombo yamanzi liyadingeka ukuba isheshri ngokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwayo okujwayelekile. ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuwasebenzisa nsuku zonke ngesilinganiso samabhakede angu-1 ngamamitha ayi-1-2 square. Kulesi simo, amanzi kufanele aphephe, mhlawumbe ukuze ahlukane, kahle, noma emthonjeni we-artesi, ngoba i-chlorine equkethe amanzi okupompo kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kombala ogqamile nokukhangayo wegazi.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi umswakama womoya ojikeleze lesi sitshalo ugcinwe ezingeni elilingana nelingana nendawo yokuhlala yalo, okungukuthi, cishe ngo-60-80%. Ukwenza lokhu, ungakwazi nje ukuphuza isitshalo ngokweqile ngokwezibalo eziboniswe ngenhla, futhi uma lokhu kungenele, futhi uma ubona ukuthi iqala ukuphelela, ungaphinde ukhiphe isiphuzo sakho ngamanzi esitokisini seprayipi kanye ngosuku, mhlawumbe ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga. Ikakhulukazi, kufanelekile ukuchelela ukushisa kwegazi ehlobo elishisayo nelomile.
Funda indlela yokutshala izitshalo ezinjengokuthi: umjunipha, i-lavender, i-rosemary, i-savory, i-asplenium, igumbi langaphakathi, i-coffee, i-azalea, i-kalanchoe, i-humansrium, i-geranium, i-orchid, i-spathiphyllum, i-violet, i-begonia ekhaya.
Ukuzala
Ukutshala isitshalo ekhaya kungaba izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-vegetative kanye nosizo lwembewu. Zombili lezi zindlela ziye zafakazela ukuthi ziphumelela kakhulu, kodwa, njengoba indlela ye-vegetative ihilela umzamo omkhulu kanye nesipiliyoni esengeziwe esifanele kule ndaba, kungaba ngcono uma usebenzisa indlela yesibili ukuqala.
Imbewu
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-pellet yenzalo yizinhlamvu kunzima kakhulu, noma kunjalo, uma ulandela zonke izincomo ngezansi, kuzoba lula kuwe. Nasi algorithm esenzelwe izenzo:
- Ukuqoqa imbewu ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti nasekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba, ngemuva kokuningi kwe-inflorescences sekuphelile.
- Emva kokumisa amasonto angu-2-3, balungiselele ukuhlwanyela, ukususa zonke imbewu ezingenalutho nezonakalisiwe - ukwenza lokhu, uzibeke engilazi ngamanzi futhi ususe lezo ezingagcini phansi.
- Ekupheleni kwekwindla, qala ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile - ukwenza lokhu, yakha umgodla u-5-6 amasentimitha ajulile, uthele imbewu kuwo bese uyifafaza phezulu.
- Entwasahlobo, lindela ukuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, futhi ukuqala kwezimbali ezisebenzayo ze-seedbed etshalwe ngale ndlela kuyoba iminyaka engu-2-3 emva kokuhlwanyela.
Kubalulekile! Zama ukuhlwanyela i-krovlolebku kude nezinye izitshalo, ikakhulukazi ngesistimu yezimpande ezingakhiwe kahle, ngoba esikhathini esizayo cishe kuzosusa ngokuphelele izakhi zomakhelwane.
Vegetative
Indlela ye-vegetative ichaza ukuhlukaniswa kwe-rhizome ye-cinderbled ibe izingxenye eziningana nokuhluma kwazo okulandelayo emva kwezimo zokushisa nokuqhutshwa okuqhubekayo emhlabathini lapho sekuqala isikhathi esifudumele. Nasi i-algorithm eseduzane yale nqubo:
- Bamba i-rhizome yesitshalo, uyihlanze ngokucophelela emhlabathini bese uwahlukanise ngommese obukhali ube yizigaba ezingu-3-5 cm. Lokhu kukhishwa kuhle kakhulu kwenziwa ekupheleni kukaNovemba.
- Beka i-delenki ephuma emabhokisini ahlukene ku-abamba abamba ukushisa noma ekhaya, uthele ngamanzi amancane futhi umboze ngeglasi elicacile noma ukugoqa epulasitiki ukuvimbela umswakama ukuba ungapheli.
- Uma ubonakala ihlumela lokuqala, susa ingilazi noma ifilimu bese upha amanzi isitshalo ngamanzi amancane nsuku zonke ukuze ugobe ama-3-4 cm ububanzi bomhlaba (ukujula okumanzi kungabhekwa ngomunwe noma ipensela).
- Ngentwasahlobo, emva kokushisa okuvamile kwansuku zonke kuphakama ku- + 7 ... + 10 ° C, ungaqala ukuqinisa izithombo, ukuletha emoyeni omusha imizuzu engu-10-15.
- Ngasekuqaleni kukaMeyi, izitshalo ezivuthiwe nezikhuni zingatshalalwa emhlabathini ovulekile, lapho, uma zifunwa futhi ezidingekayo, zingafakwa umanyolo usebenzisa izilungiswa ezibhalwe ngenhla.
Uhlobo lokushisa
I-pedicle ikwazi kalula ukumelana kalula nezimo zobusika obubandayo nabusika ehlobo, lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu kulawo zitshalo ezitshalwe eduze kwamabhayisezi noma ekude nezindawo zokuqoqwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuthi umcibisholo wesikhunta ungadingi ngokukhethekile ukulungiselela ubusika, okwanele ukusika yonke into eyomile yodwa, futhi lesi sitshalo asidingi ukwedlulela okwengeziwe.
Uma kwenzeka ubusika beqhamuka neqhwa elincane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kubanda, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukufafaza inani elincane le-peat noma isanti njengendlela ye-rhizome yalokhu utshani ngaphezu kwendawo ehlongozwayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, i-cinderbed izwa ikhululekile ngaphansi kweqhwa leqhwa, okuyinto, ngendlela, kunconywa ngezikhathi ezithile, uma kwenzeka ubukhulu obuncane bokwengqimba lwayo, phosa ifosholo endaweni yokukhula kwezitshalo.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
I-burner isitshalo esivame ukuhlwanyela, Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ufuna ukuba nesigqoko esibukeka kahle nesilawulwayo, kunconywa ukuba unqume konke okufakwe ngaphakathi kwe-inflorescences ngokushesha emva kokuthola. Uma uhlose ukuqoqa imbewu yokuhlwanyela kabusha, kufanele wazi ukuthi i-inflorescences eyomile yanquma noma nini ifanelekile kule njongo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, siphinde sikhombise iqiniso lokuthi kuyadingeka ukuba silondoloze ukulinganisela okuhle kokuswakama nokukhanya kwelanga, okuyinto, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izokuvumela izitshalo zakho ukuba zikhule futhi zikhule ngendlela evamile, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngeke zixhomeke kakhulu noma zibe nzima kakhulu . Leli khono liza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho ungakhathazeki uma unenkinga ethile okokuqala.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
Njengazo zonke izitshalo ezikhulayo zasendle, i-burner ayinakuqhathaniswa nokuhlaselwa kwezilonda nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Kulezi zifo, ingozi enkulu kakhulu imelelwe yizinhlobonhlobo zefungi, phakathi kwazo umlenze omnyama ohlukile, i-gray gray kanye ne-powdery isikhutha kufanele ikhethwe.
Ama-parasite ayingozi kunawo wonke ama-slugs, ama-sawflies nezintuthwane eziphazamisa amaqabunga nezimbali, zidla kancane kancane.
Ungalahla izinambuzane ngokuphatha izihlahla zakho zotshani ngesisombululo sanoma iyiphi inambuzane, okuyinto kakhulu kakhulu emele izitolo eziningi ezikhethekile. Ukwelashwa kwezifo kuhilela ukusika zonke izingxenye ezithintekayo zesitshalo, kuze kususwe sonke isiqu nesifo se-cannabis nesifo kanye nanoma yikuphi ukubulala, isibonelo, i-Bordeaux liquid.
Ukuze uvimbele ukutholakala kwezinqubo ezinjalo, izitshalo zakho zisebenzisa izinto ezifanayo njengenhloso yokwelapha inkinga esevele ivele, kuphela ekugxilweni okuncane. Kumele kuthiwe ukuthi ukuvimbela kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngokusitshala izitshalo kusuka kumshini wokufafaza ngesikhathi sokuqala kwezinqubo zokugeleza kokushisa okusebenzayo (phakathi entwasahlobo). Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezifungile zezinhlanzi futhi ukwandise impilo yabo yehelufu, ngokuvamile bavotshwe nge-basezol noma e-formalin.
Kubalulekile! Lapho usebenza namakhemikhali, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela yonke imithetho yokuphepha yomuntu siqu futhi ulandela ngokuqinile imiyalelo ngemiyalelo yabo.
Итак, надеемся, что данная статья помогла вам найти всю интересующую вас информацию относительно такого растения, как кровохлёбка. Ngokucophelela nangothando ukuphatha isayithi lakho, yakha okukhangayo kakhulu futhi engavamile kusuka ekuboneni kwakho kokubuka, kufaka phakathi indawo, futhi ingadi yakho iyojabulisa umndeni wakho ngokubukeka kwayo okuhle nokududuza okungaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi!
Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwinethiwekhi
