I-Powdery isikhutha ezitshalweni zasendlini

I-Powdery mildew yisifo fungal sezitshalo. Kukhiqizwa isikhunta esisaphilayo esihlala ezingxenyeni eziluhlaza, imvamisa kakhulu emacembe.

Kuyingozi ngoba kubangela ukukhathala, ukubola, futhi emva kwalokho ukufa kwesitshalo. I-Powdery isikhutha ingagula hhayi kuphela izimbali zasendlini, ithinta izihlahla zezithelo zasensimini, izihlahla zabantu abadala.

Imvamisa lesi sifo sinzima ukuselapha futhi akunakwenzeka ukusindisa izitshalo.

Izimbangela nezimpawu ze-powdery isikhutha ezimbali zasekhaya

Kulula ukuthola lesi sifo, kwanele ukwazi ukuthi sibukeka kanjani ezitshalweni zasekhaya: amabala amaqabunga, iziqu zimbozwe ngamabala amhlophe avuthayo. Ngaphandle, imbali ibukeka sengathi ufulawa ufafazwe kuso. Lezi yimvelo yesimo sokuhlakazeka, okuthi, ngemuva kokuvuthwa, ikhiphe amaconsi koketshezi olufana namazolo.

Ezibangeni zokuqala zokukhula kwesifo, ama-mushroom spores enza iphutha othulini olujwayelekile futhi amane azame ukusula. Kepha le ndlela ayisizi.

I-plaque iyavuka futhi. Okokuqala, amaqabunga e-basal ezinhlangothini zangaphandle nangasemuva ayathinteka, bese kuthi sonke isitshalo, kufaka phakathi isiqu, izimbali namahlumela aso, ambozwe izindawo ezimhlophe ezinemiphetho engalingani. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabala aba nsundu.

Izindawo zokulala zivame ukubakhona emhlabathini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, bavuka futhi baqale impilo esebenzayo.

Izimbangela ze-powdery isikhutha ezimbali zasendlini:

• Ukunisela okungafanele, kokubili ngokweqile futhi akwanele.
• Ukufafaza kaningi futhi okuningi, emva kwalokho amaconsi omswakama asala emaqabungeni.
• Ukuqina kwehaba kokwehla.
• Isisindo sezilimo zasendlini ngenxa yokulimala kwezinambuzane, ezinye izifo, ukunakekelwa okungafanele.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium enhlabathini.
• I-nitrogen engaphezulu.
• Umswakama ophezulu egumbini - ngaphezulu kwama-60%.
• Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu kakhulu - +25 ° C nangaphezulu.
• Ukuxhumana nezitshalo ezithelelekile ngabantu, izinambuzane, okusalungiswa.
• Amanzi wokunisela angahlanzekile.

Iyini ingozi ye-Powdery isikhutha?

Kuze kufinyelele ku-60% wezitshalo ezithintekayo ziyafa. Ama-spores anonya asakazeka kalula, futhi isifo kunzima ukuselapha.

Nayi eminye yemiphumela ye-Powusy isikhutha:

• Inqubo enzima ye-photosynthesis, ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo sisonke sihlupheka.
• Ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba.
• Ukukhula emuva.
• Ukuvinjwa kwezimbali.
• Ukufa kwamaqabunga nemiqumbe.

Imvamisa, izitshalo zendlu ezihlobisa kahle ezinezimbali ezinkulu namaqabunga, njenge-gerbera, i-violet, i-chrysanthemum, njll., Zihlaselwa yilesi sifo.

Kufanele ihlukaniswe kwi-Powdery hlobo kusuka kumanga (i-peronosporosis). Babukeka becishe bafana. Nge-Downy mildew, ingemuva kuphela leqabunga embozwe ngentengo. Downy isikhutha

Kungekudala liphenduka liphuzi, bese liphenduka nsundu. Izindlela zokubhekana nazo zihlukile.

Ukulwa ne-Powdery isikhutha ezitshalweni zasendlini ekhaya: amathuluzi nezindlela

Imbali enesifo iba yiphathi yokutheleleka, ngakho-ke ngokushesha ngemuva kokutholwa kwezimpawu ze-Powdery hlobo, ibhodwe noma imbiza yezimbali enembali kufanele ihlukaniswe futhi kuthintane nezinye izitshalo zasendlini ezisegumbini kufanele kube nomkhawulo, ngaphandle kwalokho isifo singasakazeka ngokushesha.

Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, izimbali ezithengiwe noma ezinikelwe zangaphakathi kufanele zibekelwe izinsuku ezingama-10.

Masinyane ngaphambi kokwelashwa nangesikhathi senqubo, irekhodi lesitshalo kufanele lishintshwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gcina le mithetho elandelayo:

• Susa wonke amaqabunga athintekile, efihlekile, neziqu. Sika amaqabunga angaphansi namagatsha axhumene ngqo nomhlabathi.
• Susa ingxenye engenhla yenhlabathi bese uyifaka entsha.
• Hlanza kahle ipanishi noma amabhodwe asetshenziswa ukuqoqa umswakama owengeziwe lapho uthambisa.
• Yehlisa ukuthambisa futhi ungafafaza isitshalo ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
• Musa ukufaka ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ngokuphela kwesifo okuphumelelayo, okwalandela, ngenhloso yokuvimbela, alahle umanyolo we-nitrogen, esikhundleni sawo wawenza phosphorus-potassium.
• Kungcono ukukhetha indawo ekhanyiselwe kahle yokugcina isitshalo sihlala yedwa, kodwa kungashisi futhi kungene umoya.

Izindlela zokusebenzisa isikhutha ezitshalweni ezifuywayo zisetshenziswa ezahlukene:

• amakhemikhali;
• kwemvelo;
• abantu.

Amakhambi e-Folk ekulweni ne-powdery hlobo

Amakhambi e-Folk ayatholakala, atholakala cishe kuwo wonke amakhaya futhi ngeke abangele ukulimala. Zingasetshenziselwa nokuvimbela. Izindlela ezimbalwa zokupheka kwesifutho:

I-Ash + Soap

I-100 g yomlotha wezinkuni ohlutshiwe athathelwa ilitha ngalinye lamanzi afudumele. Govuza futhi ugcizelele isikhathi esingangesonto, ngezikhathi ezithile uzamazama. Ngemuva kokuphela kokuphela koketshezi kukhanywa, uzama ukungavusi indle. Kuyo engeza ama-50 g wezingubo zensipho yokuwasha, lindela ukuqothulwa okuphelele. Ungasebenzisa insipho ewuketshezi. Ngalesi sixazululo, lesi sitshalo sifafazwa nsuku zonke isonto.

I-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka + insipho

I-50 g yesepha, elungiselelwe ngendlela efanayo nasesipilini esedlule, iyancibilika kumalitha ama-5 amanzi afudumele. Ngokwehlukana, engilazini yamanzi (250 g) uvuselele i-powder ka-sulfate yethusi (5 g). Kancane kancane, uthele emfudlaneni omncane ngesisombululo sensipho. Fafaza izimbali ezonakele nsuku zonke kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ze-powderyypew zinyamalale.

Isinaphi

I-mustard powder (2 wezipuni ngaphandle kwesilayidi) uvuse ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ukumnika sekumi ngomumo. Bangakwazi ukunisela inhlabathi futhi bafafaze izingxenye zomhlabathi zesitshalo. Kungcono ukushintshana zombili izinsuku eziyishumi.

Ubisi

Kuzodinga ubisi omuncu, iyogathi, noma i-Whey engcono. Cwilisa ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 3 bese usebenza inqubo Le ndlela yinhle ukuthi isixazululo singasetshenziswa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokugcizelela, futhi ungahlala ulungiselela ingxenye entsha.

Imikhiqizo ye-Powdery isikhutha yemvelo yezinto eziphilayo ezitshalweni zasendlini

Ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo akusebenzi kangako kunamakhemikhali. Kepha azilimazi kangako. Ziphephile imbali uqobo lwayo, nakubantu nakubo bonke abaxhumana nesitshalo.

Ezinhlizweni zesenzo sabo kungama-bacterium aphilayo, alwa nemvelo yesikhunta, ayivimbe futhi ayivimbele.

Izidakamizwa ezivame kakhulu futhi ezingabizi yilezi: Fitosporin, Alirin, Gamair, njll.

Faka isicelo ngokuqinile ngokuya ngemiyalo. Ukuthola umphumela ohlala njalo, ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji kumele kuphindwe kaningana.

Izindlela zesikhutha ekhaya

Imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa ze-fungicidal (amakhemikhali) yaziwa kahle. Baphendukela kubo kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho lesi sifo sishiywa budedengu, kepha ungafuni ukulahlekelwa yisibalo esibaluleke kakhulu esivela eqoqweni lakho lasekhaya.

Ukuze ungahlupheki ngokusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti anobuthi, udinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela izincomo mayelana nokusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuphepha komuntu siqu.

Ekhaya, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa: iTopazi, iFundazol, iVitaros, njll.

I yinkimbinkimbi yokusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene

Umphumela obonakalayo kakhulu ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Ukulwa kufanele kulwelwe ngazo zonke izindlela.

Izitshalo ezithinteke kakhulu ziphathwa nge-fungicides. Umphumela umiselwe nemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo. Futhi ukuvimbela basebenzisa izindlela zokupheka zabantu.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amagilavu ​​kanye nengubo ekhethekile yokuxhumana nanoma isiphi isitshalo esinesifo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umdwebi wezimbali ngokwakhe ubeka engcupheni yokuba ngumdidiyeli wezinhlayiya ze-mycelium eziyingozi, uma, ngemuva kokuxhumana nembali ethintekile, uthinta izitshalo ezinempilo.

Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: ukuvikela i-Powusy isikhutha ezitshalweni zasendlini

Ukuqeda i-Powdery hlobo akulula, ngakho-ke kulula ukunaka kakhulu izindlela zokuvimbela. Amathiphu alula azovikela izitshalo ezivela kwezinye izifo kanye namagciwane ezinambuzane.

• Fafaza ngokuxwayisa ngesixazululo se-potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) noma isibabule. Zithengiswa kumakhemisi ajwayelekile. Le nqubo ibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushisa kanye namahora amade wemini, okusho ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba. Ukufafaza okunjalo okukodwa ngenyanga kwanele ukuvikela izitshalo.
• Engcupheni izimbali zasendlini egumbini elinamagundane noma okuphambene nalokho, kumi okungakapheli. Kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezintofontofo ezifuywayo eziluhlaza ukuze ziphilile.
• Gwema isimo sezulu esinomswakama kakhulu esingahle sivele kuvulandi ngesikhathi semvula ende noma ekuqaleni kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
  Ungagcwali inhlabathi ngokweqile noma ngokweqile.
• Susa amaqabunga nezimbali ezishonile ngesikhathi ukuvikela ukubola.
• Vikela ukubukeka kwezinambuzane ezikalwa ngezidakamizwa kanye nama-aphid. Ziyakwazi ukuthwala ezinye izifo futhi zenze buthaka ukungavikeleki kwezitshalo.

Ngesizathu esifanayo, ungasebenzisi umhlaba othathwe emakamelweni ehlobo, ama-humus, othengwe inhlabathi ngaphandle kokushisa okushisa. Bangatheleleka.