I-Physalis yilungu elikhulu kunawo wonke lomndeni osondelene. Izinhlobo eziningi zitholakala eNingizimu Melika naseMelika Ephakathi. Igama livela olimini lwesiGreek, futhi lihumusha njenge-bubble. Lokhu kungenxa yesimo esijwayelekile sendebe ekhanyayo yamathuna afakiwe, efana nethoshi elikhanyayo elenziwe ngephepha elonakalisiwe. Ukukhula nokunakekela amahlahla kuyafana notamatisi, okuyizihlobo eziseduzane zalesi sitshalo.
Incazelo ye-Physalis
I-Physalis, kaningi, isitshalo esingapheli esineziqu eziqinile noma ezigobekile, okuvela kuzo amagatsha ambalwa. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-60-120. Uhlelo lwezimpande luyakhamba ezinamandla.
Amapuleti amaqabunga mncane, agobile, atholakala ngokuhlukile, abumba ngazimbili kumahlosi aphezulu. Ukusheshisa kukhona ama-petioles amade. Yakheke eduze kwe-oval noma iqanda elinenqaku eliphakeme. Unqenqema lube nezinqe noma amaza amancane, ingaphezulu licwebezelayo futhi kune-matte.
Izimbali azibonakali kahle, zinobubanzi bezithunzi ezingama-3 cm ukusuka kukhilimu kuye kokumhlophe. Zitholakala kuma-peduncle amafushane kuma-axils amaqabunga kulo lonke ubude bez amahlumela. Ukwakhiwa kwama-buds bekulokhu kuqhubeka kusukela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo futhi kuthatha izinyanga ezi-3 zasehlobo.
Inkomishi ye-amniotic ine-airy, ifana nesibani esenziwe ngephepha elenziwe ngotshani, kwezinye izinhlobo ububanzi bayo bufika ku-5-6 cm. Ngaphakathi kwesithelo kukhona berry ebomvu-e-orange ebunjiwe nenhlanganisela yembewu eningi. Kuthathwa kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba kufaka phakathi.
Ihlathi libekwe njengomhlobiso, kepha kukhona izindlela ezidliwayo, izakhiwo eziwusizo ezaziswa ngazo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zama-physalis
Inani lezinhlobo zama-physalis lingama-120-124, noma kunjalo, ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amakhulu ayi-3:
- Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa azidli futhi zisebenza njengomhlobiso wemibhede yezimbali. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyehluka ikakhulukazi ekuphakameni nasezilinganisweni zamathoshi.
- I-Physalis berry, isihlahla saminyaka yonke sithuthwa impova ngokuzimela. Izithelo zincane, ezidliwayo zenza ujamu, zilondoloze, zengeza kumaswidi, zomile bese zibekwa esikhundleni sezomisiwe ekubhekeni.
- Uhlobo lwesitshalo semifino eyaziwa ngokuthi utamatisi waseMexico noma i-cherry cherry. Inombala wokuqala wamahlamvu: aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi kanye onsomi.
Elinye iqembu likhona emhlabeni wonke, amajikijolo asetshenziswa kokubili ukulondolozwa kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokucutshungulwa kwe-Culical, kanye nokutsha.
Ukuze ujwayelane nezinhlobonhlobo eziphambili zeqembu ngalinye, itafula linamathiselwe:
| Isihloko | Isisindo samajikijolo (g) | Izici |
| Ukuhlobisa | ||
| Okuvamile | 3-12 | Kusetshenziswa njengomphelelisi wezimbali. |
| UFranche | Isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi kakhulu, esinenqwaba yezinkomishi ze-amniotic. Ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi. | |
| Berry | ||
| EFlorida | Kufika ku-1.5 | Ukunambitheka okumnandi ngaphandle komuncu kanye nephunga. |
| Iphayinaphu | 50-80 | Ucebile kuVitamin C. |
| I-Peruvian (sitrobheli) | 7-12 | Ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile. |
| Ukumangala kuka-Raisin | 2 | Ilungele kahle ukomiswa, igcinwe isikhathi eside. |
| Isisongeli segolide | 3-5 | Ukunambitheka kwe-sitrobheli. |
| Imifino / yonke | ||
| I-Marmalade | 30-40 | Iyabekezelela ukujuluka. |
| Jam | 50-60 | |
| Gourmet | 120-200 | Engavikeleli, imelana nesithwathwa. |
| Iphayinaphu | 50-80 | Amajikijolo amancane. |
| EMoscow kusenesikhathi | Ukuvuthwa kokuqala. | |
| I-Confectionery | 30-50 | Izithelo eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo. Igatsha elinamandla. |
| I-Soil Gribovsky | 50-60 | Ibanga elikhiqiza kakhulu. |
| I-Korolek | 60-90 | Amahlumela ezinwabu angahlwanyelwa ebusika. |
Ukukhula kwe-physalis kusuka ezinhlanyelweni: ukutshala nokunakekelwa
I-Physalis ilungele ukukhula ngisho nakubaqalayo. Amabheshi ngokuvamile atholakala ezitshalweni, futhi ezifundeni ezinobusika obufudumele, ungahlwanyela imbewu ngokushesha emhlabathini. Entwasahlobo: konke ngo-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Uma uhlwanyela ngo-Okthoba, ukuvuna kuzoba sesizini ezayo. Impilo yeshalofu yokutshala izinto zeminyaka eyi-4-5.
Ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini, imbewu kufanele ihlolwe ukuthi ihluma yini ngekhambi elinosawoti omncane. Kubhekwe ebusweni kuyaliwa. Okulandelayo, khipha isibulala-magciwane nge-pink manganese noma i-chlorhexidine ehlanganiswe emanzini.
Izihlobo ezisondele kakhulu ze-physalis utamatisi kanye nopelepele. Ngakho-ke, ungathenga inhlabathi yalezi imifino noma ulungiselele inhlanganisela yenhlabathi kusuka ku-peat, humus noma komquba, umhlaba we-turf nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2: 1: 1: 0.5. Ukuze unciphise i-acidity, ungangeza isigamu seglasi lomlotha noma 2 tbsp. ufulawa we-dolomite kuwo wonke ama-5 l. Isendlalelo esidinga ukwelashwa sidinga nokwelashwa ngokumelene nokutheleleka nezibungu zezinambuzane. Kulokhu, i-boiler ephindwe kabili kufanelekile, lapho ungabamba khona ingxube yenhlabathi ihora noma kuhhavini emazingeni okushisa angama-200 ° C. Ungasebenzisa futhi isikhunta. Lokhu kuzosusa usongo lwezifo ezingamagciwane. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-24, umhlaba usewulungele ukusebenza.
Ezifundeni ezinomehluko oqinile wokushisa, ama-physalis athanda ukushisa akhula ngezithombo. Lokhu kuzosiza ekutholeni isivuno esihlahleni kunokuba sikhule lapho sihlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile. Hlwanyela kahle izinsuku ezingama-30-45 ngaphambi kokuthuthela endaweni ehlala njalo. Iziqukathi ezinomthamo we-500 ml ngayinye zifanelekile noma uma ukukhetha kumisiwe ebhokisini elivamile, imbewu kufanele ibekwe ngokohlelo lwe-6X8. Ngokuzayo, uhlelo olunjalo luzosusa ukukhetha okwengeziwe.
Okulandelayo, isitsha sigcwele isigamu se-substrate elungiselelwe yomsoco. Izinto zembewu zibekwa emhlabathini futhi zimbozwe ngenhlabathi encane ngaphezulu. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kuzoba ukunisela ngokucophelela emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni nokwakha indawo yokukhosela yamafilimu, ungasebenzisa isikhwama sepulasitiki. Izimo ezilungele ukuhluma zingu-+20 ° C. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, i-thermometer akufanele iwele ngaphansi kuka +23 ° C. Uma zonke izimo zihlangatshezwa, izithombo zizovela zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-7-8. Ngamanani aphansi, izithombo zizohluma ngenyanga.
Ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuthi kulondolozwe izinga elilodwa lomswakama womoya bese kufakwa umoya egumbini ukuze kuvikeleke izithombo ezincane kulesi sifo ngomlenze omnyama. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibona ukungasebenzi kahle. Ngokukhanya kosuku okufishane, izithombo zidinga ukugqanyiswa nge-phytolamp ye-LED, ukuyifaka kusihlwa amahora angama-3-4. Kuyadingeka ukunisela idrophu yenhlabathi futhi ukwenze nsuku zonke.
Uma kungekho ukukhula noma, kunalokho, ukudonsa izihlahla kukhuthele kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukufaka umanyolo, usebenzise izithosi zenkukhu ezixutshiwe ngesilinganiso esingu-20: 1. Ama-tincture anjalo azodinga amalitha ama-5 nge-1 m2. Ibuye inisele ngamanyolo anzima, angathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Uma ukukhetha kunesidingo, kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zinamaqabunga eqiniso. Udinga ukudlulisa izihlahla ngesigaxa sodaka, uzama ngokucophelela ukungalimazi izimpande, esitsheni esinomthamo ongaba ngu-10 cm.
I-Physalis isilungele ukudlulela endaweni ehlala njalo lapho ikhula amapuleti amaqabunga angama-5-6.
Nakekela ama-physalis lapho ukhula endaweni evulekile
Ukunakekelwa kuqala ngokukhethwa kwendawo ongayitshala kuyo, umbhede okhanyayo noma umbhede wezimbali, ovikelekile emithanjeni yomoya nokuhlelwa okusalungiswa, kufanelekile. Amabhasi awathandi isithunzi esiqinile; ukufika phansi ezweni eliphansi ngeke akwenze.
Inhlabathi enhle kakhulu evundile futhi evulekile, i-alkaline noma ingathathi hlangothi isitshalo esinjalo izonikeza isivuno esihle, i-pH - 5.0-7.0. I-Acidic medium ayihambelani nhlobo, lesi simo singalungiswa ngokungeza umlotha wezinkuni noma uthayela oshelelisiwe. Ukuqala ukutshala, umhlaba ubanjwa kuwo, zonke izinsalela zezitshalo nokhula ziyasuswa, bese kufakwa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezilimo eziseduze wonke ama-1 m2.
Kungcono ukutshala ama-physalis ngemuva kwamakhukhamba, ama-beet, iklabishi noma izaqathi. Akunconyelwe iminyaka emi-3 ngemuva kwesitshalo seqanda, upelepele, amazambane noma utamatisi. Ukuhambisana nalo mthetho kuzonciphisa ubungozi bokulimala kwezitshalo ngamagciwane emhlabathini izikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Enhlabathini elungiselelwe, yenza imisele bese ubeka imbewu kuyo, uyayibeke ngezikhathi ezithile. Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa alikho ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-30. Ngemuva kokuvela, kumele anwetshwe ngaphandle, ashiye izihlahla eziqine kakhulu. Izitshalo ezisele ngemuva kokukhula zingamiswa kwenye indawo, zisheshe zijwayelane, nokho, izithelo ziqala kamuva kunangezona ezingatyalwanga.
Uma indlela yesithombo yokusabalalisa i-physalis ikhethiwe, khona-ke kufanele kwenziwe izimbobo ezijulile ezingama-30 cm enhlabathini. Uma ucabanga ngokuqina kwamagatsha ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngama-50-70 cm. Kufanele liphindwe lingene emhlabathini lize lifinyelele emaqabungeni okuqala amaqabunga, kanti nezinhlobo ezedlula lapho kufanele zibekwe ekhoneni. Ngemuva kokufafaza ngomhlaba, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyadingeka. Ezinsukwini zokuqala kuyadingeka ukumboza ngefilimu, ingasuswa ngemuva kokuba izitshalo sezinezimpande endaweni entsha.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, zalisa usebenzisa umquba noma imisele yenkukhu, ixubeke njalo. Okulandelayo, ngaphambi kokwakha ama-buds, sebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Ezalandela azenziwanga kanye kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-7.
Amabhasi ezinhlobonhlobo ezinde zama-physalis adinga ukwesekwa kanye nama-garters kuwo, okusele kuzosiza ukwakheka kwezihlahla: ukuthena amahlumela amade kakhulu. Kuzokhulisa futhi isisindo samajikijolo.
Ngenxa yohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe nolunamandla, isitshalo asesabi isomiso. Ukunciphisa inani lokunisela nokukhulula umhlaba, udinga ukudala ungqimba we-mulching - ungathela i-peat.
Ama-viralis ngemuva kokuqhakaza
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, imicimbi ebalulekile ukuqoqwa kwezithelo nembewu, kanye nokulungiselela okufanele kwezitshalo kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu
Isivuno semithi isuswa ezihlahleni izinsuku ezingama-30-60 ngemuva kokutshala endaweni evulekile, lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ngoSepthemba. Amajikijolo akhiwe kumahlosi aphansi avuthwa ngokushesha; ukuvuna kwasebusika kungenziwa kuwo, kudliwe okusha noma ukuthola imbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izithelo ezivuthiwe zidinga ukunqunywa ezingxenyeni ezi-2 bese zibanjwa amahora angama-24 emanzini emvula, bese uthambisa uginindela ngesihlungo esihle. Imbewu esele kufanele igezwe futhi yomiswe.
Ubusika
I-perennial physalis ivumelanisa kahle futhi icashe, ingxenye engenhla yesihlahla iyomile, futhi lapho kuqala imifino emisha yasentwasahlobo ikhula. Futhi, amabhokisi amahle e-orange angasika futhi agcinwe ukuze kufakwe izingcezu zezimbali, futhi kungasuswa amapuleti amaqabunga. Mboza izimpande ezisele emhlabathini ngesendlalelo sezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-mulching, ngokwesibonelo, i-peat. Amabhasi aminyaka yonke kufanele aqoqwe futhi abhujiswe, futhi inhlabathi esendaweni yawo yakhiwe kahle.
Ukusakazeka kwama-physalis
Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zesitshalo zingapheli futhi zingasakazwa ngembewu. Ama-Physalis asakazeka ngokushesha nge-flowerbed futhi kuyadingeka ukususa izithombo ezengeziwe noma umgodi ezindaweni ezinganqunyelwe.
Ngaphezu kwembewu, ezinye izihlahla zitholakala kusetshenziswa izihlahla ezisikiwe maphakathi nehlobo. On the ihlumela udinga ukushiya amafindo 2-3 futhi bambe emhlabathini ngokujula ngesigamu. Ukusuka ngaphezulu kuyadingeka ukuhlela indawo yokukhosela yamafilimu, engasuswa ngemuva kokubangwa kwezimpawu kanye nokuvela kwamapuleti eshidi elisha. Ukunakekelwa kwe-cuttings kuthambisa njalo nokuvikelwa elangeni elisebenzayo.
Enye inketho ngama-rhizomes ezinwabuzelayo, izingxenye zawo ezingahanjiswa endaweni entsha. Kufanele ukhethe izimo ezinezithombo ezakhiwe kahle.
Ukukhula kwe-physalis ekhaya
Uma kufiswa, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-physalis lungatshalwa ekhaya, into esemqoka ukulandela ngokucophelela imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela isitshalo:
- Okwamabhasi athanda ukushisa, ama-sill e-windows anekhono kahle futhi izinga lokushisa lika +18 ... +25 ° C kuzoba kahle. Ehlobo, indawo enhle kakhulu yokuboshwa: kuvulandi ongena umoya noma i-loggia.
- Isendlalelo esingaphansi singasetjenziswa senziwe ngomumo, sathengwa esitolo, isimo esikhulu ukunotha nokucebisa okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo.
- Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, noma kunjalo, ukubhala amanzi akufanele kube;
- Lapho ugcina indlu, i-physalis cishe ayithinteki ezifweni nasekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane. Ukuhlolwa kwezikhathi, izindlela zokuvimbela kanye nokuhambisana nemibandela yokunakekelwa kuzoziqeda ngokuphelele lezi zinkinga.
- Ukuzala kwenzeka, kanye nasemhlabathini ovulekile ngosizo lwe-cutways noma amahlumela kusuka empandeni, okumbiwe emabhodweni ngamanye.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Physalis yisitshalo esingamelana nezifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi, uma izimo zokulima zingahlonishwa noma ukushintshwa kwezilimo kuphazamiseka, lesi sitshalo semifino singagula. Ithebula lizokusiza ekuboneni inkinga bese uthola isisombululo sayo:
| Ukugula / Inambuzane | Izimpawu | Isizathu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| UMose | Ukuqhathanisa amabala aluhlaza emqheleni. | Ukunakekelwa okungalungile. | Hlikihla magciwane nge-manganese. Ukutholwa nokucekelwa phansi kwezinhlobo ezithintekile. |
| I-penicillosis | Ukujikelezisa amajikijolo. | Ukuvuna okungaphelanga nokucutshungulwa kwezilimo. | |
| I-Fusarium | Amabhasi asalele emuva ekuthuthukisweni. | Inhlabathi ethelelekile kanye nemfucumfucu yesitshalo. Imbewu ethelelekile. | |
| Okumhlophe, okumpunga okubolile okungamanzi | I-mucus ekhanyayo kanye nenhlanganisela enephunga, ukubukeka kwe-mycelium. Izingxenye zesitshalo ziyaphela, ukubola, kukhishwa iphunga elingathandeki. | Ukulungiselela: I-Kartotsid, i-Abiga-Peak, Inzuzo. | |
| I-Alternariosis | Imibuthano emnyama emnyama. | ||
| Ukulimala okufika lapho | Amabala ansundu ezitsheni. | Imvula ejwayelekile, kubanda. | Ingxubevange ye-1% Bordeaux. |
| Umlenze omnyama | Isiqu siphenduka simnyama. | Umswakama omningi womoya nomhlaba. | Ngena. Ukuvula umhlabathi. Ukunisela okumnene. |
| Slug | Izimbobo ngokuluhlaza okotshani. | Ukusakazwa kothuli lukagwayi, amakhemikhali - iMeta. | |
| I-Colorado amazambane amazambane | Kugcinwa izibungu emhlabathini. | Ukuqoqwa kwezinambuzane. | |
| I-Medvedka | Izingxenye zezindiza ezi-Nibbled kanye nohlelo lwezimpande. Ngisho imbewu iyathinteka. | Ukhulula inhlabathi, abeke izicupho. Icubungula izindawo ngokuqongelela kwezinambuzane ngepalafini noma nge-naphthalene. | |
| Umhlonyane | Bamba inhlabathi ujule bese ubhubhisa izibungu ezitholakele, ungatshali isiko ngemuva kwezinsuku zonyaka. Indunduma yezindunduma enephathi yokubamba abantu abadala. | ||
| Ama-aphid | Omisa amaqabunga nezimbali. | Umswakama ophezulu kanye nokushisa komoya okuphezulu. | Ukugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo. Ukufafaza nge-infusions: i-tansy kanye nomhlonyane ngesilinganiso se-1: 1 1 kg yemifino, ubilise imizuzu engu-10-15, kupholile, engeza insipho engu-40 g ukuze unciphise ivolumu engu-10 l. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Thin tenet on the amahlumela. | Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile. | Ukuhlanza isiza ekwindla. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-decoctions kusuka ku-aphid. |
UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: izakhiwo ezizuzisayo kanye ne-contraindication zokusetshenziswa kwe-physalis
Zonke izingxenye zama-physalis ezidliwayo: amajikijolo, amapuleti amaqabunga, uhlelo lwezimpande, kanye nembewu iqukethe izinto ezihlukene ezinempilo ezinempilo. Kumagremu ayikhulu yi:
- Inani elikhulu le-vithamini PP, lithinta ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zezinzwa, zokugaya nokujikeleza.
- I-Ascorbic acid isiza ukubekezelela ukukhathazeka nokukhathala kwesizini, umkhuhlane kanye nezifo zokuphefumula. Futhi ukutholwa kangcono kwensimbi ekudleni kwezitshalo.
- B1 - ukubamba iqhaza emzimbeni we-metabolism, kanye ne-phosphorus, okuqinisa amathambo namazinyo.
- I-enomthelela omuhle ezizweni futhi igcina umbono ngezinga eliphakeme.
- Ama-amino acid angama-18 ahlukahlukene.
- I-Beta-carotene ne-pectin, elawula ushukela wegazi futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ufake leli siko ekudleni kokudla.
- Izinto ezincane nezincane.
- ILycopene, enikeza umbala okhanyayo izithelo, ilwa namangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwamajikijolo - 53 kcal.
Lesi sitshalo sithathwa njengesokwelapha futhi sizuzisa empilweni yomuntu. Izithelo ziyasetshenziswa, ujusi wazo, kanye nezimpande, okumele zigcinwe ekwindla. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-physalis kusiza ngobuhlungu, ukopha, ukulwa ngempumelelo namagciwane, kukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwe-bile. Inomphumela omuhle ekusebenzeni kwamathumbu futhi isiza ngokuqunjelwa.
Izithelo ziwusizo kakhulu ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane njengendlela yokuyeka ukopha kakhulu, kanye nokususa izinqubo zokuvuvukala. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, kunomkhuba omuhle enkambweni yezifo ezinjenge-cystitis, pyelonephritis.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kwezokwelapha zendabuko zamazwe amaningi omhlaba, ama-decoction kanye nama-tincture ezithelo ezivela kwizifo ezinjenge:
- i-hepatitis;
- urolithiasis;
- i-rheumatism;
- gout
- ukuvuvukala nokulimala.
Amajikijolo amasha noma ujusi kubo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme: udinga ukudla izithelo ezingama-5-7 nsuku zonke. Kuyasiza nge-tonsillitis, i-stomatitis ne-laryngitis: 1 tbsp. l Izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku. Njengendlela yokuyeka ukopha, kusuka ukukhwehlela nobuhlungu, ama-decoctions asuka ezimpandeni zesitshalo afanelekile.
Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yiluphi ikhambi, kukhona okuphulwa:
- Ekudleni nanjengomuthi, zingasetshenziswa kuphela izinhlobo zemifino nama-berry. Ukuhlobisa i-physalis kunobuthi futhi akunconywa ngokuphelele ukuyisebenzisa.
- Ngokuqapha, kufanele isetshenziswe ngabantu abaphethwe yi-acidity ephezulu. Udinga ukuqala ngezingcezu ezi-1-2, ukhulisa umthamo kancane kancane. Lokhu kuyasebenza nakulabo abanezinkinga ze-thyroid noma izilonda.
- Izingxenye zomhlaba zinama-alkaloid anobuthi emzimbeni futhi ngenxa yalokho awakwazi ukusetshenziswa njengomuthi.
- Izithelo kumele zivuthwe ngokuphelele, amajikijolo angavuthiwe angadala ukulimala okukhulu empilweni.
- Kwezinye izimo, kungadala ukozela, futhi ukudla amanani amakhulu kungadala uhudo.
Imvelo ekuqaleni ibheka imbali yezimbali, ngisho nomlimi we-novice uzokwazi ukubhekana nokulinywa kwayo. Ukuqaliswa okulungile nangokucophelela kwezincomo kuzosiza ekutholeni isivuno esiningi samajikijolo amnandi futhi avuthiwe azuzisa umzimba womuntu.
