IGreenhouse - umklamo obaluleke kakhulu kunoma iyiphi ingadi. Ikuvumela ukuthi uvikele izithombo, imifino kanye nezitshalo zakuqala eziqandeni, kunikeza isivuno esiningi, noma kubanda. Ukwakhiwa kungaba ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene nobukhulu, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukukulanda noma isiphi isiza ngendlela yokuthi kufanelana kahle futhi kungahlali endaweni efanelekile. Ezitolo ezikhethekile, lo mklamo awubizi. Akudingekile ukusebenzisa imali enkulu kukho, ngoba ungenza i-greenhouse ngezandla zakho futhi ugcine.
Indawo esizeni
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwakhiwa kwegreenhouse, udinga ukunquma indawo okuyona. Ikakhulu uma imile, ayiphatheki. Ubukhulu, ukwakheka, kanye nenani lezinto ezisetshenzisiwe kuncike ekukhetheni kwendawo.
Lapho ukhetha insimu ye-greenhouse, kufanele kucatshangwe okulandelayo:
- Isakhiwo sihlelwe ngaphambilini. Idizayini ayikwazi ukufakwa emthambekeni. Lapho kukhona iziqu, iminsalo nokunye okuvinjelwe, kuzodingeka zisuswe ngaphambi kokuba ukwakhiwa okuluhlaza kubonakale.
- Izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukwakha indawo yokukhosela efudumele emthunzini. Lokhu kuzothinta kabi ukukhula kwezithombo kanye nokuqhakaza ezinye izithelo.
- Egreenhouse kuzodingeka kwenziwe umsebenzi wezolimo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi kube lula ukufinyeleleka ngokusungula ukuze kuvuleke ngokuthula.
- Kunconywa ukwakha lesi sakhiwo ukusuka empumalanga kuye entshonalanga. Ngenxa yalokhu, izitshalo zizothola ukukhanya kwelanga okukhulu. Lapho kunesidingo sokuthi lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ekuseni nakusihlwa, izinhlaka kufanele zifakwe kulayini ovela enyakatho uye eningizimu. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa elangeni lasemini.
- Uma uhlela ukukhulisa njalo utamatisi noma ukhukhamba ku-greenhouse, kunconywa ukufaka enye eduze kwayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amasiko la kudingeka ukuthi adluliselwe ezweni ngalinye endaweni entsha. Ngenxa yobukhona bokugcina ukushisa kwesibili, kuzokwenzeka ukuthi ushintshe izindawo njalo ngonyaka. Lapho kungekho sikhala sezinhlaka eziningi kangako, ungadala izinguqulo zazo mini.
Imininingwane ewusizo! Kungcono ukwenza ukwakhiwa maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Alisekho iqhwa futhi, futhi izitshalo azinaso isikhathi sokukhula ngokugcwele. Yebo, ungakha izithombo zokugcina izithombo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kobusika (umsebenzi uzothathelwa inhlabathi ebandayo neqhwa kakhulu).
Izinhlobo zama Greenhouse
Izinhlobo ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu nezilungele izishisa ongazenza zona:
| Izithombe | Ezokwakha |
 | Ibhokisi lesinkwa. Ivula ngokuya ngomgomo webhokisi lesinkwa, yingakho igama. Kuyinto elula ukuthi isembozo asiwa, asidingi kusekelwa. |
 | Arched. Isikimu esilula nesabelomali se-greenhouse. Ama-Arcs anamathele emhlabathini, embozwe ifilimu, i-spanbond. Kulula ukuhlanganisa futhi uhlukanise ngaphandle kwamakhono akhethekile. Ekwenzeni umkhiqizo, amapayipi angasetshenziswa ngemuva kokugoba. |
 | I-Thermos. I-greenhouse imbiwa emhlabathini. Kukhona isivalo kuphela ngaphezulu sokutholakala kwezitshalo nomoya omncane. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukushisa kugcinwe kangcono ngaphakathi. |
 | Ibhabhathane. Izimo ze-arch noma indlu. Okuphawuleka ukuthi iminyango emibili ilengele ngaphandle, ifana nezimpiko. Ukufinyelela kuhlinzekwa kuzinhlangothi zombili. Iminyango ingenziwa nge-polycarbonate. |
 | Indawo yokuhlala (gable). Amapulangwe ahlanganisiwe emgqeni. Zimbozwe ngefilimu noma ngezinto zokumboza. Ukuhlukahluka okunjalo kuyashesha futhi kulula ukukufaka, kungaphatheka, kepha akunakho ukuqina okuhle. Ngakho-ke, livame ukusetshenziswa njengendawo yokukhosela yesikhashana. |
 | Isithambeka esisodwa. Idizayini ifana nesifuba ngesembozo esicaba. Ukuze ungene ngaphakathi kophahla faka iziqu zethu. |
Izinhlobo ezifakiwe zingathuthukiswa ngokungeza ezinye izinto.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukucabanga ngohlelo lonke ngezigaba.
Imininingwane ewusizo! Ku-attic kanye nasenqolobaneni, ungathola izinto eziningi ezindala ezifanele ukudala ubusika obuluhlaza. Isibonelo, amafreyimu wewindi, imibhede yakudala, i-drywall, i-polypropylene noma amaphrofayli e-aluminium nokuningi. Kudingeka kuphela ukuvula umcabango ukuze uthole ukuthi ungazakhela kanjani izitshalo zazo ngaphandle kokutshala imali kuzo.
Cabanga ngezinto ezithandwa kakhulu zamafreyimu nezindawo zokukhosela. Futhi, ngezansi yimiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi ungayenza kanjani i-greenhouse ngezandla zakho ngezinto ezahlukene.
Izinhlaka zezindlu zokugcina izithombo
Ekwenzeni ifreyimu yamahholo okugcina izithombo, ungasebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene:
- Metal. Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi iqinile, kepha iyasinda. Ukuze kwakhiwe i-greenhouse kusuka ekuqinisweni, kuyadingeka amathuluzi akhethekile (ukushisa izingxenye zensimbi). Izinto ezibonakalayo ziboleka ekugqwala, kepha lokhu kungalungiswa ngokuwukhulisa ngamandla. Uma isakhiwo siwa (ngokwesibonelo, sisuka kumbhobho onguchwepheshe), bese ucindezela izitshalo.
- Isihlahla, I-PVC, i-chipboard. Ukwakha isakhiwo esinjalo kulula, kudingeka amakhono ayisisekelo wokwakha kuphela. Izakhiwo ezenziwe ngokhuni ezenziwe ngokhuni kufanele zimbozwe ngezakhi ezikhethekile ukuze zingatholi izimbungulu.
- Ipulasitiki, i-propylene. Engasindi futhi iqinile. Kugoba kahle, kusuka kuwo ungakha izakhiwo zezimo ezahlukahlukene. Uma i-greenhouse epulasitiki iwela ezitshalweni, akukho okuzokwenzeka kubo. Okubi wukuthi akubekezeleli umthwalo, amadolo kanye nemifantu.
Ukunaka! Ukwakha i-greenhouse, amakhona wefenisha, izikulufa, izikebhe nokunye kuzodingeka. Ungenza iminyango ngezibambo.
Zenzele ngokwakho abamba ukushisa kusuka ngamapayipi (pro-propylene, iphrofayili, insimbi-yepulasitiki): imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Ngemuva kokunquma indawo, ukuqonda ukuthi usayizi ongakanani udinga i-greenhouse. Njengoba sesenze isithombe sokwakheka ephepheni, kuyadingeka ukuthi kudluliselwe ukumaka kube ngumhlabathi.
Isigaba sesibili ngemuva kokumaka ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo sokhuni - okuyisisekelo se-greenhouse. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha amabhodi kasayizi afanele, uwaqinise ngamakona nezikulufo. Kuvela ukwakheka okukodwa ngendlela yoxande. Umhlaba uthululwa lapho, ngokuya ngokubalwa kokuphakama kwebhodi, umngcele wesakhiwo.
Inqubo yokufaka nokulungisa ama-arcs isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Ungayifaka kanjani futhi uyilungiselele ama-arcs ngezandla zakho ngezigaba
| Sisebenza isithombe | Izincazelo |
 | Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesisekelo emakhoneni aphakathi kwamabhodi kuhlanganisa ucezu lokuqiniswa. |
 | Amapayipi asikwa cishe ngo-70-80 cm, afakwa kubude obungama-50 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, azama ukuwabeka maqondana ukuze kungabikho okuhlanekiswayo. |
 | Amapayipi wobude obukhethiwe afakwa kokuqiniswa. |
 | Lungisa ngama-clamp kanye nezikulufo eziya emabhodini. |
 | Ngokuqina komklamo we-arc, axhunyiwe ngepayipi elide, elilungisa ngamalambu akhethekile abunjiwe wesiphambano. |
Ezigabeni ezimayelana ne-polycarbonate greenhouse, silungisa ifilimu kanye ne-spunbond, ungabona ukuthi unganamathisela noma iyiphi yalezi zinto kulolu hlobo lokushisa.
Ukushisa okuvela kumabhodi enziwe ngamapulangwe: imiyalelo ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Kulokhu, umuthi uzosebenza njengohlaka, ifilimu izoba yisembozo.
| Sisebenza isithombe | Izincazelo |
 | Sipheka amabhodi, kungcono ukuwaphatha ngaphambilini nge-antiseptic, ukuze angaboli futhi akhonze isikhathi eside. |
 | Sihlanganisa isisekelo, sibopha amapulangwe ngezikulufo, emakhoneni eceleni komngcele. |
 | Maka ibanga lapho sizobeka khona izikhonkwane. Kuya ngobude be-greenhouse. Imvamisa ngemuva kwe-40-70 cm. |
 | Sifaka isando ngesigaxa sezimbaza, 5 × 5 cm, 50 cm ubude, singene emhlabathini sijule okungenani ngo-10 cm. |
 | Siphinde sibabambe ngezikulufo eziya ezisekelweni. |
 | Sithatha imicu engu-5 × 2 cm ngosayizi, ubude obulingana nebanga phakathi kwemigoqo ephikisayo. Siyazilungisa. |
 | Selula izintambo phakathi kwezintambo ukuze ifilimu lingawi. |
Okulandelayo, sizobheka izinto ezingasetshenziswa ukumboza izithombo zokugcina izithombo nokuthi zingayenza kanjani.
Izinto zokwakha izindlu zokugcina izithombo
Amaphrojekthi abamba ukushisa okuhle kakhulu enziwa ngama-polycarbonate, amawindi agcwele glazine kanye ne-polyethylene ephansi (HDPE). Azibizi futhi zingakhanywa ndawo ndawo esibayeni (ngokwesibonelo, ozimele bewindi). Bheka izici zezinto zokwakha:
| Amapharamitha | I-Polycarbonate | Ingilazi | Ifilimu (I-PND) |
| Ukufaka nobunzima nesisindo | Izinto ezingasindi, ezisekelayo. Uma ukhetha, unganciphisa inani lezingxenye zohlaka, ngaphandle kokudala isisekelo. | Kuyinto esindayo, edinga ifreyimu eqinile nesisekelo. | Ukukhanya okukhanyisiwe Ingathwalwa ngisho nomoya, ngakho-ke idinga ukunamathiselwa ohlakeni. |
| Isikhathi sokusebenza | Inempilo ende yenkonzo yeminyaka engama-20-25. Abakhiqizi bavame ukuyinika iwaranti yeminyaka eyi-10. Indwangu ngokwayo iyisici sesakhiwo esisekelayo. Ngemuva kokufaka, ayikhubazeki noma i-warp. | Kuzohlala isikhathi eside uma kuvikelwe isichotho, iqhwa, njll. Ukugcina ukushisa okunjalo kungabekwa ngaphansi kombhede. | Inesikhathi esifushane sokusebenza (iminyaka eyi-2-3 ephezulu). I-polyethylene iyawohloka lapho ivezwa ukukhanya kwelanga. |
| Ukufakwa komsindo | Inesakhiwo sezinyosi. Ngenxa yalokhu, umsindo womoya uyathuthumela. | Uma kukubi ukufaka i-greenhouse yengilazi, okusalungiswa kuzongena ngaphakathi, ingilazi izokhala futhi inyakaze. | Cishe awukho umsindo. Ngomoya onamandla, ifilimu iqala ukugqwala ngamandla. |
| Ama-aesthetics | Kubukeka kunesimanje kakhulu futhi kuyathandeka. Ngokwezinga elithile, kungaba ngisho nokuhlobisa kwendawo. | Ngokufakwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kubukeka kuthandeka ngobuhle. | Kubukeka kuthakazelisa kuphela ekuqaleni, bese iqala ukonakala bese ivutha ngaphandle kwelanga. |
| Ezokuphepha | Akuphuki noma kuqhekeke lapho kwehle noma kushaywa. Iqinile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ilula kuneglasi. | Uma ingilazi iphuka, ingalimala. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kunconywa ukuthi unakekele imishini yokuphepha (amagilavu enjoloba, izicathulo eziqinile, njll.). | Kuphephile ngokuphelele. |
| Ukunakekelwa | Uthuli oluqoqiwe cishe alubonakali. Uma ufisa, ingagezwa ngamanzi ajwayelekile avela kwi-hose. | Ngemuva kwemvula, imisele enodaka ingaqhubeka ihlale ngaphezulu. Baqothule kuphela uma usebenzisa izitshizi ezikhethekile. | Lokhu okuqukethwe akufanele kugezwe ngokungcoliswa ngoba kuzohlala amabala aphazamisa ukungena kwelanga. |
| I-Microclimate ngaphakathi | Ivimbela ukulahleka kokushisa, ngenxa yokuthi umphumela wokudalwa komoya wokushisa wenziwa. I-condensate ephumela lapho igeleza phansi ezindongeni ngaphandle kokuwela ezitshalweni. Idlulisa futhi isakaze ukukhanya kahle. | Kugcina ukushisa kubi kune-polycarbonate. Idlulisa imisebe kahle, kepha ayisabalizi. Uma ingilazi ingekho ezingeni elibi, ingasebenza njengeglasi yokukhulisa, elimaza izilimo, ngoba ukushiswa yilanga kuzovela. | Indwangu entsha igcina ukushisa kahle futhi idlulise ilanga. Kodwa-ke, isizini elilandelayo iba yimbi futhi ibe ngamafu. |
ISpunbond nayo isetshenziswa kaningi. Kuyindwangu esemboza ukuphefumula. Ukuvunyelwa kahle komoya-mpilo nomswakama. Ayimanzi noma ikhiphe ukushisa. Sika ngesikhafu, ongasgeza.
SpanbondPhambilini, besivele sicabangela ozimele bama-hotbeds, manje sizobona ukuthi singazilungisa kanjani izinto ebesikhuluma ngazo etafuleni.
I-polycarbonate greenhouse: imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi unganamathisela kanjani okuqukethwe kuzimele ezahlukene
Cabanga ngokufaka i-polycarbonate kumiklamo ehlukahlukene.
Ukukhwela i-polycarbonate kufreyimu yensimbi
Uhlaka lwensimbi kufanele lube nama-rafter kanye nama-girders. Alinawo ama-protrusion, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukulungisa i-canvas kuwo. Ibanga eliphakathi kwama-rafters kufanele lilingane nobubanzi bamashidi we-polycarbonate.
Inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokunameka i-polycarbonate yamaselula esakhiweni sensimbi usebenzisa amaphrofayili (chofoza esithombeni ngakwesobunxele ukuze usikhulise):
| Izinto zokwakha nezinhlelo | Ibhuku lokufundisa |
 | Amagalaji enjoloba wokuzinamathisela abekwe phezu kwezinsimbi zensimbi. Uma une-greenhouse encane, awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa. |
 | Bathatha amaphrofayli akhethekile we-polycarbonate, bawanamathisela kwigridi yensimbi enezikulufo zokuzithinta nge-washers eshisayo. |
 | Amashidi wePolycarbonate avikela kusuka kumswakama, izinambuzane, nokungcola ekungeneni kwamaseli ngefilimu yokubopha uphawu efakwa emaphethelweni. Ngaphansi igcotshwe phansi, ibekwe uphawu ngaphezulu. |
 | Ngemuva kwalokho amashidi afakwa kumaphrofayili nokuthathwa. |
Ungakhohlwa ukususa ifilimu evikelayo ku-polycarbonate.
Ukufaka ngokushesha i-polycarbonate kwizakhiwo zepulasitiki noma zokhuni
Senza ukwakhiwa njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuya ngosayizi webanga eliphakathi kwemishayo, sinquma amashidi we-polycarbonate.
Okubalulekile: I-cellular polycarbonate isikwa ngommese obukhali noma isarha eliyindilinga. Kumele ilungiswe ngokuqinile emsebenzini. Lezi yizimo ezidingekayo ukuze ungachobozi abantukazana.
Amaphethelo amashidi afakwa ngothayela okhethekile wokuvikela.
Okulandelayo, silungisa amashidi esakhiweni:
| Izithombe | Inqubo |
 | Amashidi abekwa esakhiweni, ukuze wedlulela ngale kohlaka ngamasentimitha amathathu.Donsa izimbobo zokufaka izimbotshana ezinomshini kagesi. |
 | Imfucumfucu ibekwe emigodini etholakele, bese kuba ama-thermowell. Konke lokhu kuklwebulwa kusetshenziswa isikulufu. |
Isinyathelo sokulungiswa sincike kubukhulu be-polycarbonate (kungcono ukusebenzisa i-6-8 mm), ubukhulu bephepha elisikiwe. Cishe ilingane no-30-50 cm futhi ilele ngemuva konqenqemeni okungenani i-5 cm.
I-Window frame greenhouse: imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
| Umzekeliso | Incazelo |
 | Ukucubungula ama-Whetstones enkuni nge-antiseptic noma i-mastic ukuze uvikeleke ezinambuzaneni nasekubolweni. |
 | Endaweni ekhonjwe ngaphansi kwegreenhouse sibeka isisekelo sezitini konkha ukhonkolo (awukwazi ukukwenza lokhu, kodwa vele ufake i-gravel kusuka ku-gravel. |
 | Ukusuka emishinini eyenziwe ngamapulangwe ngokuya ngosayizi wamafreyimu wethu sihlanganisa uhlaka lwegreenhouse. Umklamo odaliwe ubekwa esisekelweni se-powder noma masonry. |
 | Sifaka amafreyimu wesakhiwo esakhiwe ngokhuni. Izihibe nezikulufo kuzixhuma. Sinamathisela isibambo emaphethelweni wohlaka, olusondele kakhulu phansi, ukukhulisa ozimele, uma ekuqaleni bezingekho. |
Ukuqinisa ifilimu izinhlobo ezahlukene zozimele
Sesivele sazi ukuthi ama-wireframes angahluka. Cabanga ukuthi unganamathisela kanjani ifilimu ezintweni ezahlukahlukene.
Uhlaka lwokhuni
Ifilimu ifakwe ohlakeni lwamapulangwe ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
| Umzekeliso | Izindlela |
 | Ungasebenzisa i-stapler, kepha ukunciphisa impumelelo yefilimu, kufanelekile ukwenza i-gasket, ngokwesibonelo - ukusika i-tepi kusuka ku-linoleum yakudala noma kunoma iyiphi enye into eqinile. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ifilimu eqinisiwe ukuze ihlale isikhathi eside noma ihlatshwa ngamazipho ngesikhathi sokuqina. |
 | Ungalungisa ifilimu usebenzisa ujantshi obethelwe emikhawulweni. Indlela yokuqala ifaka ukulungisa i-film, okungukuthi ukuyibhoboza, ezinhlangothini nasophahleni. Ngosizo lojantshi, silungisa kuphela ukusuka emaphethelweni. |
Uma ifilimu ingaqiniswanga, ivezwa okuningi ekuphumeni ezindaweni ezinamathiselwe. Indlela ye-rack (yesibili) inciphisa izehlakalo zokulimala kwamafilimu.
Amapayipi e-Metal ne-PVC
Ukulungisa ifilimu emapayipini epulasitiki, kudingeka izikejana ezikhethekile. Zingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, azibizi.
Iziqeshana zingenziwa nguwe. Amashubhu eplastiki asikiwe kuthi uhlangothi lwamapayipi afanayo epulasitiki lusike eceleni. Ukuze ungayikhumuli ifilimu, imiphetho yamachweba athuthukisiwe ayisisekelo.
Uma kusetshenziswa iziqeshana zensimbi, i-gasket yanoma iyiphi impahla ibekwa ngaphansi kwabo ukuze ingabhubhisi ifilimu lapho ifudumele elangeni.
Kusetshenziselwa ukufakwa okusheshayo kuzimele zezinto zokubhala.
ISpunbond Mount
Nge-spanbond, ifreyimu eyenziwe ngamapayipi epulasitiki ifaneleka kangcono. Sihlole ngenhla.
Ngemuva kokukhiqiza lesi sakhiwo, simbozwa ngezinto zokumboza, ispanbond siyadonswa, sicindezelwe phansi nganoma iyiphi indlela esesandleni (izitini, amabhodi).
Ukugcina ukushisa okunjalo kufanelekile ukhukhamba, utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, upelepele neminye imifino.
Kwesinye isikhathi amathumbu athungwayo ayenziwa ku-spunbond, lapho kufakwa khona amapayipi we-PVC, bese kuphela lapho anamathiselwe esakhiweni.
Imiklamo ehlukahlukene yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-snubond, kuya ngesicelo. Isibonelo, ngezimbali, uhlaka lwamapayipi epulasitiki lwenziwe isiyingi noma i-trapezoid.
Ungakhohlwa. Izinto zokumboza zibekwe ohlangothini olunzima.
Kwesinye isikhathi i-spanbond ifakwa neziqeshana zamaphepha, kepha ishiya izimpawu zokugqwala kokuthile, okunciphisa impilo yayo yenkonzo.
