I-Physalis iyisitshalo esikhangayo kakhulu, izakhamuzi zasehlobo ezithanda ukungazethembi nokumelana nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye zezinhlobo zawo ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza izithelo eziwusizo, eziphindaphinda ukubaluleka kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke sizoxoxa ngezansi indlela yokukhulisa i-Physalis endaweni yayo.
Physalis: incazelo yezitshalo
Ngisho noma ungaqapheli ngokugcwele ukuthi yini i-physalis, uma uyibona esithombeni, cishe wazi lesi sitshalo esihle. I-Physalis inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-100, phakathi kwazo ezimbili kuphela ezifuywayo - i-Mexican yemifino kanye ne-strawberry sweet. Kukhona futhi i-Physalis yokuhlobisa, okuyinto, okwamanje, eletha izithelo ezinobuthi, nakuba ihlukaniswa nesiphakamiso sayo esibukwayo.
Uyazi? I-Physalis inamanye amagama amaningi ezweni lethu. Phakathi kwazo yi-"berry emerald", "ama-cranberries ebumba", "cherry cherry", "izibani zase-Chinese".
Nakuba ngisho nasensimini ye-Ukraine umuntu angavame ukuhlangana ne-Physalis yasendle, akunconywa ukuthi uyidlulisele e-cottage yakho ehlobo. Okokuqala, akuyona ekhangayo njenge-varietal, futhi okwesibili, izithelo zayo ziyingozi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, endaweni yakho ye-suburban kungcono ukuthenga imbewu yama-strawberry Physalis, ayithunyelwa kithi evela eNingizimu Melika. Izithelo zesitshalo esinjalo zingadliwa ziluhlaza futhi zomile, futhi zilungiselele nokulondoloza okuhlukahlukeneyo namaswidi kuwo. Ngokuvamile Izithelo ze-Physalis zengeziwe kuma-saladi noma zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amaqebelengwane.
Uma ukhetha i-Physalis yaseMexico, izithelo zayo zingasetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo no-utamatisi. Ngendlela yabo eluhlaza, banganezelwa kuma-saladi noma izitsha ezishisayo, amasoso okuphekiwe noma okuphekwe kanye nama-jams.
Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala i-Physalis
Kodwa ukuze uthole izithelo ezihlwabusayo zika Physalis, isitshalo sidinga ukuqinisekisa ukulima nokunakekelwa okufanele. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukukhetha isayithi lokufika, izidingo eziyinhloko ezingamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Umbhede wembali ngaphansi kwe-Physalis kufanele uhlakulelwe kahle, okungukuthi, uma ngabe ukhula ezinye izitshalo noma izimbali iminyaka eminingi, lokhu kuhle kakhulu;
- I-Physalis ithanda izindawo ezikhanyisiwe ezigcwele ukukhanya kwelanga usuku lonke;
- Akusekho icala okufanele lithembeke futhi amanzi emvula atholakale kule ndawo;
- esakhiweni kuyadingeka ukuba ususe wonke ukhula njalo;
- I-Physalis cishe ayisaphila emhlabathini onobuthi, futhi iphinde igule; Ngakho-ke, uma ungenayo enye indawo yokutshala, qaphela ukunqanda umhlabathi kusengaphambili.
Kubalulekile! I-Physalis isinda kahle kumasayithi emva kwanoma yikuphi izitshalo, kodwa hhayi ngemuva kwezihlobo zazo ze-nightshade - amazambane, utamatisi kanye nopelepele. Ngaphambi kokutshala i-Physalis, kubalulekile okungenani iminyaka engu-2-3 ukutshala indawo nezinye izitshalo, ukuze zonke izinambuzane ze-pasanidae zinyamalale emhlabathini.
Esimweni esifanayo, uma ungenayo indawo ekahle yokutshala i-physalis kusayithi, khona-ke ingadalwa ngokuhlakanipha. Isibonelo, ezindaweni ezingaphezu kwamanzi ezigcwele noma ezikhukhulayo zokutshala izitshalo, kufanelekile ukulungiselela ama-combs kusuka enhlabathini kuze kufike ku-40 cm high.
Izici ze Physalis ezikhulayo ezivela kumbewu
Ngaphambi kokuthenga i-Physalis, kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde ukutshala nokukhula le shrub. Indlela kuphela yokukhiqiza kwayo ihlwanyela imbewu futhi ithole izithombo kuzo.okuyinto engatshalwa khona endaweni elungiselelwe.
I-Physalis ihilela ukukhula kusuka kumbewu, kodwa ingahlwanyelwa njengezinkomishi kanye nezitshalo zezitshalo ekhaya noma ezimweni zokushisa, noma zitshalwe ngokuqondile emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze sikhule i-Physalis yezithombo, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ifilimu evuthayo yokushisa, ukushisa okufakwe kahle, noma ifilimu opaque lapho imbewu ingahlwanyelwa khona. Inhlabathi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imisiwe, ukhula luyakususwa futhi lukhuliswe, uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo.
Uma uhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele ingcwatshwe 1-1.5 cm emhlabathini. Awudingi ukuzama ukuhlwanyela izitshalo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni encane, ngoba ukukhululeka ngokweqile kuyoholela ekutheni ukwehliswa kwezithombo. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kwamahlumela okuqala kuvela ku-15 kuya ku-17 ° C, ngakho-ke phakathi nosuku ungasusa ifilimu kubo.
Uma kuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, khona-ke itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile hhayi ngaphambi kwamasonto wokugcina kaMeyi, noma ngisho nasekuqaleni kuka-Juni. Imbewu ye-Physalis ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile kuphela uma inhlabathi iqala ukufudumala ku- 4- 6 ° C ngokujula kwe-10 cm. Kule ndaba, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi imbewu, uhlanza ukhula futhi ugeze. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela emitha yemitha eyi-1 kufanele uchithe u-0.1 g wezinhlamvu kuphela. Phakathi kwemigqa ye-Physalis kumele ibe ne-50-60 cm.
Kubalulekile! Izitshalo ze-Physalis zincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuze uzihlwanyele ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka, kuqala uzihlanganise ngesihlabathi. Ungaphinda uhlanganise imbewu ye-Physalis kanye ne-ulethisi noma imbewu yesithombo, ezokwenza njengesiko se-lighthouse futhi izosuswa ngisho nangaphambi komzuzu lapho i-Physalis iphenduka ibe yisithombo esinamandla.
Ngokujwayelekile, izithombo kufanele zisuswe kancane, zishiye ibanga elingama-50 cm emkhatsini wezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokusila, izitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-5 kufanele zihlale kumamitha ayi-1 square.
Ukutshala imithetho Physalis izithombo
Indlela i-physalis ekhula ngayo, usuvele ufunde, ihlala nje kuphela ukuze ujwayele imithetho yokufakelwa izithombo zayo ukuze kungabi nezimpande endaweni entsha, kodwa futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ibeka ngokukhula okusheshayo.
Yini okufanele ibe inhlabathi
I-Physalis, nakuba iqothula kalula emhlabathini wezinhlobo ezahlukene, kodwa inhlabathi yayo kufanele ihlale ikhululekile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, kubalulekile ukumba kahle isayithi ngokuya kwezingu 20 cm ukuze ugcwalise inhlabathi emoyeni. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kungakhohlwa ukuphinde umanyoze umhlaba ngomquba ovuthiwe noma umquba. Ku-1 sq. M wezindawo zomhlaba kuzodinga cishe u-30 kg womanyolo.
Kubalulekile! Ngalesi simo akungatshali inhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-physalis ngemifino emisha, ngoba lokhu kungathinta kakhulu ukukhula kwesitshalo.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo
Ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni koJune, izithombo ezikhulile endaweni yokushisa noma ngaphansi kokugoqa kufanele zihlezi. Ngosuku lokufakelwa kabusha kusukela ekuseni kakhulu, izithombo kufanele ziphuze ngokweqile, okuzokwenza kube lula ukuyifinyelela kwezinye izitshalo, ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande. Uma i-physalis itshalwe ngamamitha ayi-1 square, akukho izitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-4 okufanele ziwe (uma kuyi-physalis ye-strawberry, izitshalo ezingu-6 zingatshala endaweni efanayo). Isikhala phakathi kwezihlahla singahlwanyelwa ngokukhululekile nge-radishes noma i-ulethisi, isivuno sayo esizosuswa ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kokuvuthwa kwe-Physalis.
Ukwenza kube lula ukuba isitshalo sithole izimpande, ukufakelwa kwe-transplantation kunconywa engxenyeni yesibili yosuku, lapho ilanga lingashisi kakhulu. Ukuphuza isitshalo ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha akufanelekile ukuze i-crust elukhuni engavumeli umoya ukuba ifomane ayifaki emhlabathini.
Ukunakekela izithombo ze-Physalis
I-Physalis ngenkathi yokutshala nokunakekelwa ensimini evulekile ibonakala njengesitshalo esingenakulinganiswa esidinga kuphela ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokungafani nezihlobo zamaTamatisi e-Physalis, lesi sitshalo asidingi ukugubha nhlobo, kanye nokuhlanganisa. Phela, kutholakala amagatsha amasha kuso, kuyoba kuhle nakakhulu ngesikhathi sezimbali, kanti izithelo ezikhangayo kuzokwakha.
Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhula, funda ngokucophelela isitshalo ngasinye ukuze unqume ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuba khona kwesifo. Kulesi simo, zonke izitshalo ezigulayo zisuswa masinyane embhede bese zishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela zivimbele ukusabalalisa kwesifo.
Indlela yokunakekela i-Physalis omdala
U-Physalis omdala udinga ukukhokha kancane kancane. Into eyodwa okufanele ihlale igcinwa njalo yilokulungisa kwakhe ebusika. Ngaphambi kokushisa kwesimo sezulu, isitshalo sinqunywe ngokuphelele phansi, futhi amaqabunga asuswa emagatsheni awo, kanti izithelo zisala futhi zimisiwe ukuze zomiswe. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izimbali. Uma lesi sitshalo isitshalo saminyaka yonke, izimpande zawo nazo zisuswe emhlabathini, ogujwa futhi ohlanganiswe ne-peat.
Uyazi? Izithelo zika-Physalis zinenzuzo kakhulu empilweni, ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-antiseptic ne-painkiller. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo njalo kungaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu neyomzimba.
Naphezu kokulula, i-physalis izokubonga kakhulu ngokwenza umanyolo owengeziwe wamaminerali ngenkathi ekhulayo, ikakhulukazi uma kufanele ikhule enhlabathini echithiwe. Kulesi simo, amamitha ayisishiyagalolunye azodinga ukufaka isicelo:
- 35 g wezinto ze-nitrogen;
- 13 g we-phosphorus;
- 45 amagremu we-potassium;
- 43 g we-calcium;
- 9 g we-magnesium.
Physalis: ukuvunwa nokugcinwa kwesitshalo
Kuzo zonke izakhamuzi zehlobo, ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwe-Physalis kuqondiswa kuphela ekutholeni izithelo zayo ezihlwabusayo, ezivuthwe kakhulu. Owokuqala kufanele afanele ukusebenzisa izithelo ezitholakala ngaphansi komhlaba. Iqiniso lokuthi izithelo zikulungele ukuqoqa, uzokutshela ukubukeka kwazo: izitshalo zizokoma futhi ziphele. Kanti futhi izithelo ezimnandi kakhulu izothela, izithelo zazo zizoshintsha. Uma izithelo zingapheli ngesikhathi, zizoqala ukuwa phansi.
Kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi ngisho nezithelo eziwile ezomile asisongeli. Kodwa-ke, emanzini aphezulu, angaqala ukubola, noma amacimbi angawashaya. Ngakho-ke, uma kungenakulinganiswa nesimo sezulu akufanelekile ukuqoqa izithelo, futhi uma kungenakwenzeka ukwenza okunye, ke emva kokuqoqa kubalulekile ukuyikhulula ekukhunjini futhi unike isikhathi sokumelela ngokuphelele. Uma kungenjalo, izithelo ngeke zigcinwe.
Kubalulekile! Izithelo ezivuthiwe zika-Physalis zikwazi ukubekezelela ngisho namaqhwa abuthakathaka, kodwa emva kwazo azigcini kahle, nakuba zihlala zisetshenziswa.
Uma ufuna ukuthi i-Physalis igcinwe isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka embusweni omusha, idinga ukukhishwa ngaphansi kwe-underripe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bangasuswa emibhedeni kanye nezihlahla, ngenxa yokuthi bayothola izakhi ezihlahleni futhi babe namanzi amaningi.
I-Physalis iyimbali emangalisayo. Ngenxa yokulula okuphelele, ukubukeka okukhangayo kwesitshalo, izimbali zalo nezithelo, Physalis kufanele ihlobise yonke ingadi yembali nayo yonke imibhede. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba bebajabulile ehlobo, ubusika bonke bungalondolozwa yizinambuzane ezinomsoco noma ama-pickle ezivela ezitshalweni zalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo. Into eyinhloko ukutshala kuphela i-varietal physalis ukuze ungabi esitshalweni esinobuthi.
