Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezifunwa ngamapheya yi-"Muscovite". Lesi sihlahla sesithelo esingenamahloni siletha isivuno esikhulu kakhulu samapheya futhi asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Uyazi? I-Pear "i-Muscovite" yenziwe yi-pollination yamahhala yezithombo ze "Kieffer" ezihlukahlukene. Nguye owaba yizinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamapheya esifundeni saseMoscow.
Iphakathi kwe "Muscovite", ulwazi jikelele
Iphakathi kwe "Muscovite" inencazelo elandelayo:
- Lezi yizihlahla ezincane zezithelo ezinekhanda elimise umnsalo. Izitshalo ezikhulayo ezikhulile zinomumo ohlangene ngomqhele okhulu.
- Amaqabunga amancane, asayizi ngobukhulu futhi ane-notch emaphethelweni. Leaf ngaphandle onqenqemeni, bushelelezi, bent phakathi.
- Izimbali ngendlela yesitsha, ezimhlophe. E-racemes inflorescences kunezimbali ezingu-5-7.
- Izithelo zinama-gramu angu-135, umbala ophuzi ophuzi. Inyama yepeyari isinyene, enomsoco kakhulu, inomusa omuhle futhi iphunga elimnandi elimnandi.
- Izithelo zingagcinwa isikhathi eside futhi zinezethulo. Zisetshenziselwa ukwenza imishaja, ama-compotes, ama-jams, ama-marmalade, izithelo ezomisiwe, njll.
Amapheya ahlukahlukeneko "I-Muscovite" inezivuno eziphezulu, ngisho nasezimo ezimbi. Kusukela komuthi owodwa isivuno sifinyelela ku-50 kg. Amapheya athela izithelo kakade eminyakeni engama-4-5 emva kokutshala, kanti izithelo zivuthwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma maphakathi no-September. Izithelo ezivuthiwe azitholi izihlahla. Ngokugcina isitoreji, kungcono ukuvuna kuze kuvele izibonakaliso zokuvuthwa. Khona-ke, amapheya azovuthwa kancane kancane futhi agcine agcinwe ezimweni zendlu.Ukukhiqizwa kwamaparele ubuchwepheshe
Ukuze i-"Moskvichka" eliphakathi kwezimpande libe nezimpande futhi lithele izithelo, ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwayo kumele kube kuhle futhi kulinganiswe. Ikhasi elitshalwe ekwindla (ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba) noma entwasahlobo (ngo-Ephreli-Meyi), futhi kungcono ukhethe indawo eduze kwezinhlobo zempova (Lada, Marble, Elegant Efimova, Moscow Bergamot, Lyubimitsa Yakovleva).
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika
Indawo kufanele ibe flat, eyomile futhi kahle. Kuxhomeke ekunambeni kokukhanya: ukukhanya okungcono, kungcono ukunambitheka. I-pear ayibekezelelani umswakama omile emhlabathini. Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba aphansi ngokungaphansi kwamamitha ama-2.5, ngaphandle kwalokho umuthi ungafa. Lezi zinhlobo eziphakathi kwe-pear zikhula kahle emazweni anesihlabathi-chernozem noma ama-loamy, ene-acidity engaba ngu-5.6-6.0.
Kubalulekile!Ungafaki ipeyari enhlabathini yomhlabathi, kanti uma enye ingekho, khona-ke yenza umgodi wokuhlalisa ngezwe elifanele.
I-patterning yokuhamba
Ukuze umuthi uhlale futhi uvumelane nezimo ezintsha, kufanele wazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani i-Moskvichka pear ngendlela efanele. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela amaphuzu alandelayo: 
- umgodi wokutshala ulungiselelwe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokufika ngokushesha;
- Ukutshala izithombo entwasahlobo, udinga ukulungisa umgodi ekwindla;
- ukujula komgodi - 1-1.2 amamitha, ububanzi - amasentimitha angu-80;
- indawo ekhethiwe igcwele inhlabathi evundile.
- gcwalisa umgodi ngomhlabathi ophekiwe nokumboza ngefulawa i-dolomite (amalitha ayi-10);
- Thela amabhakede amabili amanzi bese ushiya umgodi izinsuku ezingu-14 noma kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
- cwilisa izimpande zezithombo emanzini emikhumbi yokutshala;
- ukusika amagatsha;
- nyundo isikhonkwane phakathi kwengxenye yomgodi (50 cm);
- faka isiqongo semhlaba eduze kwesikhonkwane bese ubeka isithombo kuso;
- ngokufanayo uqondise izimpande;
- gcwalisa umgodi nge-seedling ngaphandle komanyolo;
- Qinisekisa ukuthi intamo yesisindo i-5-7 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi;
- bhidliza umhlaba ngobumnene futhi bathulule amabhakede amathathu amanzi emgodini;
- ukuxubha inhlabathi emhlabathini owungeze isithombo nge humus;
- ubophe isithombo kumgodla.
Emva kokutshala, qinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba ozungeza isithombo awukoma. Ungakhohlwa ukukhulula inhlabathi ekujuleni kuka-15 cm. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, susa ukhula oluzungeze ikhasi - lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukubukeka kwezifo nezinambuzane.Indlela yokuphuza ikhasi
Nakuba i-pear "Moskvich" nomuthi ongathembeki wesithelo, kodwa kusadinga ukunakekelwa. Ukuhlakulela ukutshala amapheya "Abakwa-Muscovite" balimi bavame ukubuza: "Ungayiphuzisa kanjani umuthi ngakho kube izithelo ezithela kangcono?". Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngakho. Izihlahla ezincane kufanele ziphuze kanye ngesonto, ekuseni nakusihlwa. Cishe amalitha angu-10 amanzi ashiswa ngomuthi ngamunye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umswakama wenhlabathi kufanele ufike ku-50-60 cm ngokujula.
Uma ikhasi eliveza izithelo, ukuchelela kuqhutshwa kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, futhi umbuso wayo uncike ngokuyinhloko ngesimo sezulu. NgoSeptemba, ukwethulwa kohlobo oluthile lumile ngokuphelele.
Umanyolo wephepha "Muscovite"
Kubalulekile!Ukukhulelwa kwamaparezi emva kokuqhakaza kunesibopho sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokulingana kwesitshalo.Ungondla i-pear kusukela ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokutshala isithombo. Entwasahlobo, izihlahla zihlwanyelwa i-ammonium nitrate (ama-gramu angama-20 ngehora elilodwa lesikwele). Njalo eminyakeni emithathu, ungakhohlwa ukwenza iziqu zemvelo - i-superphosphate (ama-gram angu-50 kumitha ngayinye), umquba (isigamu ibhakede lomuthi ngamunye), i-potassium sulphate (ama-gram angu-20 ngomitha ngamunye). Kungcono ukutshala izihlahla ekwindla, khona-ke izakhi zingcono kakhulu.
Imithetho yokusika "ama-Muscovites"
Iphakathi kwe "Muscovite" idinga ukusika izikhathi ezithile ukuze kucaciswe ukucaciswa komqhele nokubunjwa kwayo. Ukudubula kungaqala lapho uneminyaka emibili, futhi umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukunciphisa nokunciphisa amagatsha.
Ukusika izikhonkwane
Sika ipeyari entwasahlobo noma ekwindla sekwephuzile, okusiza ekwakheni isifuba esinamandla kunazo zonke somuthi wesithelo esizobhekana nesisindo sokuvuna esizayo. Kungcono ukwenza izihlahla ze-longline. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukusika amagatsha ukuze kugcinwe amagatsha omzimba ngamagatsha angama-40-50 cm. Kuze kube namagatsha amane azobe esesithombeni ngasinye. Okokuqala, udinga ukusika amahlumela avela esihlahleni, khona-ke amagatsha akhula ahambisana nesiqu esiqondisweni. Ungashiyi i-hemp, kodwa ungathathi indwangu eyengeziwe. Umonakalo omkhulu uyophulukisa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokusika izihlahla ezifanele, lesi sihlahla sizoqina futhi sikwazi ukubhekana nomthwalo wesivuno esisha.
Izitshalo zokudubula
Lapho utshala izithombo, amagatsha ahlelwa ukuphakama kwesithathu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze bakwazi ukudala ngokushesha umqhele.
I-pear encane ifinyelelwe ezingeni lika-50-60 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Lokhu kuvuselela ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha namafihledi.
Emthini oneminyaka emibili ubudala, isihlahla sinqunywa ubude. Ngakho-ke, amahlumela angama-4-5 angama-lateral kufanele ahlale engxenyeni eyinhloko, engxenyeni ye-45 ° ehlobene nesiqu. Qinisekisa ukusika ama-curves nokukhula kwamagatsha angaphakathi, kepha ungasusi ngaphezulu kwama-25% wezingqikithi zamagatsha, angathinta kakhulu ukukhula komuthi.
Ukuvuna nokulondoloza izithelo
Uma indawo ye-"Moskvichka" ephakathi kwamapheya ekhethwe ngokufanele, futhi ukutshala ngokwayo kanye nokunakekelwa okulandelayo kokulima kwakwenziwa ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo, bese ukuvuna kuyoba phezulu kakhulu.
Ungakwazi ukuqoqa izithelo kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSeptember kuze kube sekupheleni kwenyanga, futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvuthwa kwazo, qaphela ukuphuzila kwesikhumba. Uma sesivele iqalile ukuphenduka, sekuyisikhathi sokuvuna.
Kungcono ukuvuna izithelo ngaphambi kokudla kwasemini, ngoba njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, kancane kancane lishisa futhi ligcinwe kabi. Uma kuvuna, izithelo zihlanganiswe iminwe futhi zibeke eceleni, ukuze isiqu sigcine ekhoneni elicijiwe. Ungalokothi ugubhe amapheya emthini, ngaphandle kwalokho uzoshaya futhi angeke agcinwe.
Uyazi?Uma uphula amagatsha ngesikhathi sokuvuna, khona-ke ngonyaka ozayo umuthi uzothatha izithelo ezincane, ngoba amandla ayo onke namandla azosetshenziselwa ukubuyiselwa.
Okude kakhulu kunazo zonke amapheya e-"Muscovite" agcinwe ku-0 ° C. Abalahlekelwa isethulo sabo futhi banambitha izinyanga ezingu-2 - 2.5 ngemva kokuvuna. Ekamelweni lokushisa, izithelo zingagcinwa ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili.Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-pearl "i-Muscovite" ingenye yezintandokazi phakathi kwabalimi, hhayi kuphela amadlelo kodwa nezinye izifunda. Ihlukaniswe njengenye yezinto ezingenakuzithoba futhi ezithelayo. Kuphikisana nezifo nezinambuzane, kanti izithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside futhi zithandeka kahle. Ngokuhlwanyela kahle nokunakekelwa kwepeyari, kuzokujabulisa ngezithelo ezihlwabusayo ezifanele amalungiselelo ebusika, kanye nezitsha neziphuzo ezihlukahlukene.
