Yithande abanikazi bekhanda hhayi kuphela amaqabunga amahle amahle, kodwa futhi nokungazitholi. Noma kunjalo, amaqabunga okuhlobisa axazulule okuningi. Bakha isizinda esimangalisayo esihle kakhulu kwezinye izitshalo, futhi izimbali zesitshalo ngokwazo ziyathandeka kakhulu.
Uyazi? Khost ivela egameni lesiLatini elithi Hosta futhi linamanye amagama - funky. Kukholakala ukuthi ubizwa ngegama lokudokotela nodokotela wase-Austria uN. Khost. Futhi igama lakhe lesibili livela kumlingani wakhe waseGermany uG.Kh. Funk. Kungokwindla yomndeni, bese kuthi emndenini we-asparagus. Kuphelele, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zalesi sitshalo.
Amathiphu ekusizeni abakwa-hosting
Abalimi abaningi bezimbali nabalimi be-amateur bazibuza ukuthi bangakhula kanjani umcimbi kuleli zwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi yisitshalo esingenasisekelo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, udinga ukwazi izimbumbulu ezimbalwa ukuze ukhule isitshalo esihle nenempilo.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuvame ukuthenga imbali isitshalo sithengiswa ngokuphelele, noma kuphela izimpande zayo. Ngakho-ke izimpande aziboli, kuyadingeka ngokushesha ngesikhathi noma emva kokuthenga ukuwahlola ukuba khona kokubola bese ususa lokho, uma kukhona.
1. Umninimzi awunzima kakhulu emhlabathini, nakuba kuye kwaqaphela ukuthi kukhula kangcono kumanus loams kunabanye. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema amanzi aphelile, ngoba ayithandi inhlabathi emanzi.
Umhlabathi waseSandini awunalo iqhaza ekukhuleni okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa kwabakwaSomnini, okumele kucatshangelwe lapho kunquma ukuthi uzobeka kuphi iSomandla ezweni. Kodwa uma kufanele uhlanyele enhlabathini enjalo, kuyadingeka ukuyifaka ngamaminerali amaminerali, ama-humus.
2. Ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo, umhlabathi kufanele udunywe ngokujulile mayelana ne-bayonet yefosholo. Kungaba kuhle ukukugcwalisa nge-Kemira wagon umanyolo noma 15 g we potassium sulfate, i-ammonium nitrate kanye no-20 g we-superphosphate ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ingxube ngayinye inikezwa ngezinga lika-60 g ngalunye.
Uyazi? Amahostela ngokuyinhloko akhula kancane, futhi ukuhlobisa okuhlukahlukene kunalokho, kunzima kakhulu ukulinda "ukushisa" kwawo. Ngonyaka wokuqala, lesi sitshalo asinayo ngisho nesici sombala wezinhlobonhlobo. Futhi ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu kuphela uzobona esiteshini sakho ncamashi umsingisi owafika kuwo.
3. Umgodi kufanele ube mkhulu, ukhulu kakhulu esihlahleni. Udinga ukuhlinzeka ngokugeleza kwamanzi nokugeleza kwamanzi. Izimpande zisakaze esigodini ukuze kungabikho izansi ngaphansi kwazo.Ukwindla kwasekuqaleni noma kwentwasahlobo yesikhathi esiphezulu yisikhathi lapho kungenzeka khona ukwahlukanisa nokuhlwanyela umphathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungalitshali endaweni efanayo - ngeke ihlome.
Imfihlo Yokunakekelwa Kwempi
Ukunakekela izitshalo kulula futhi kuhlanganisa izenzo ezijwayelekile: ukuchelela okuvamile, ukusila, ukupha, ukukhulula. Ukuze isihlahla sikhule sibe mnhle futhi sihle, imicibisholo encane yezimbali kufanele inqunywe ngesikhathi.. Khona-ke amaqabunga ngeke athuthuke ezinhlangothini.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala kufanele kube ku-penumbra noma emthunzini. Izinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo azibekezeleli ilanga ngqo, zilahlekelwa umbala wazo wokuhlobisa. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngaphezulu emaqabunga omvalo ophuzi nomhlophe, uma uthanda kakhulu ukukhanya. Kodwa ngisho nakulolu cala, uma ummemezeli kufanele atshalwe endaweni enelanga, yimboze ilanga emini.
Ukunisela, ukufaka umanyolo nokufaka umquba emhlabathini
Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga amakhulu, ngakho-ke isimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo sishintsha kakhulu, okungaba inkinga ngesikhathi esishisayo kakhulu ehlobo.
Amathiphu amnyama emaphethelweni amaqabunga abonisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo asinamanzi. Amanzi ehlobo kufanele kube nsuku zonke. Kodwa ukuchichima kuyingozi kakhulu kumabandla.
Inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ifakwe ngamakhomikhali e-organic and mineral. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sithola umsoco oyinhloko kusuka kumanyolo omzimba asetshenziselwa ukubuthwa.
Njengokugqoka okuphezulu, i-mullein infusion isetshenziselwa ukwengeza nge-potassium sulphate, i-ammonium nitrate ne-superphosphate ngo-10:10:20. Ngo-Julayi, kanye no-Ephreli no-Meyi, kudla nge-potassium, i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus.
Ngokuqondene nombuso wokudla, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, lapho kutholakala izimbali, futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokuba isitshalo sesiphelile.
Uyazi? Ekuqaleni, izakhamuzi zakhula eJapane, eChina, eKorea, e-Kuril Islands, eSakhalin naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeMpumalanga Ekude. Izinhlobo ezinothando zomswakama zihlala emaphethelweni ehlathi, emithambekeni yezintaba, emaphethelweni emifula nemifula.
Weeding kanye mulch: sidinga it
Umhlabathi womhlabathi we-mulch uyadingeka minyaka yonke. Ngokuvamile utshalwe eduze kwezihlahla ezinkulu ezithatha izakhi eziningi. Kodwa ukuqubuzela kuzomsiza ukuba aphakamise phezulu.
Ukuphela kokubusa ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa akukwazi ukusetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezincane nezincane, ngaphandle kwalokho zizophela.
Ukulungiselela izitshalo ebusika
I-hosta ibhekwa njengesitshalo esingenqamuki, ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ayifihliwe ngokukhethekile ebusika. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma kungenzeka, ekwindla, amaqabunga awilekile asusiwe kuwo, bese-ke futhi abukela ukubeka ungqimba omuhle weqhwa phezulu. Uma ulandela yonke imithetho kanye nezincomo zokunakekelwa kwesitshalo, kuzogcina ukukhangisa kwayo iminyaka engu-10-15.
Okuphikisanayo ngumbuzo wokusika izinkathi ekwindla. Abanye batusa ukuthi bangasusi amaqabunga aphihliwe ebusika, njengoba bekhonza njengendwangu eyengeziwe yezimpande, abasindise kusuka efrijini. Kunconywa ukuba zisuswe kuphela entwasahlobo, lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala.
Abanye bayeluleka kakhulu ukuthi basuswe futhi bashiswe ukuze basuse izinambuzane ezikhona. Kodwa kulokhu kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala, futhi amaqabunga ngokwawo kufanele asevele ephuzi.
I-florist ongenalwazi ayikwazi ukuqagela ngesikhashana esifanele. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukuphakanyiswa ukuba uzame izindlela ezimbili ezindaweni ezihlukene ukuze uma kwenzeka ukufa kwesinye sezitshalo, zingabuyiselwa ngenye indlela.
Uyazi? Izitshalo ze-cuttings eJapane ziyasetshenziswa njengento epholile, futhi isitshalo ngokwawo siyithathwa njengingcwele. Ukubaluleka kwamanye amazwekazi atholakala ngemuva kokushaya eNew World. Ngaphambi kwalokho, wabonakala eNgilandi, kodwa akazange abangele ama-furore amaningi.
Izindlela ezehlukene zokubeletha
Kunezindlela eziningana zokutshala isitshalo. Yikuphi okumele ukhethe kufinyelela kumlimi.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Elula, ngakho-ke ejwayelekile kakhulu - ukuhlukaniswa kwehlathi. Kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa ukukhiqiza entwasahlobo noma ekupheleni kwehlobo. Kodwa uma ukwazi ukukwenza kahle nangendlela efanele, khona-ke ungahlukanisa izihlahla nsuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, akunconywa ukusebenzisa izihlahla ezincane ngalokhu, ngaphandle kwalokho zinganciphisa ekuthuthukisweni.
Ngakho-ke, ungahlanganyela nini futhi utshale ngesikhathi esithwasahlobo? Ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela abasha. Khona-ke ngommese obukhali, ifosholo noma iforkki ingxenye encane ihlukanisiwe kusukela ehlathini. Uma phakathi nale nqubo amahlumela aqhekeza ingxenye ye-rhizome, kodwa ngaphandle kwezimpande, ingahlwanyelwa endaweni yokushisa.
Cuttings
Akunakwenzeka njalo ukusika ukusika, ngoba kwezinye izinhlobo zikhula kakhulu. Ukusika, njengomthetho, awunayo izimpande, kodwa kukhona ingxenye ye-rhizome kuyo - okuthiwa "isithende".
Ehlobo batshalwe emthunzini futhi batshalwe ngaphansi kwekhanda lengilazi. Ngezinsuku ezimbalwa, uzothatha izimpande. Ukusheshisa le nqubo, kubalulekile ukusika amaqabunga e-seedling ngesigamu.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni
Njengoba unqume ukukhulisa umlindi kusuka enzalweni, umuntu kufanele alungiselele ukuthi lesi sitshalo singene esigabeni sokuhlobisa kwayo kuphela ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila kwayo. Iphesenti yokuhluma imbewu igcinwe ezingeni lika 70-80%.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ebusika, kepha ngaphambi kwalokho kubalulekile ukuphatha kahle. Kunconywa ukuba uwagcobe isigamu sehora ngejusi le-aloe, i-zircon, impande noma i-Épinay. Ngezinye izikhathi imbewu iyanconywa ukuba imi emakhazeni inyanga.
Seeding kwenziwa ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi. Uma uhlwanyela, qapha ubuningi be-substrate, isikhunta kanye nezinye izilwanyana ezincane ezingathinta isitshalo. Ngokufanayo, imbiza kumele ilandelwe ngaphambi kwesiphathamandla se-potassium permanganate noma utshwala.
Ukuthenga inhlabathi esitolo, qiniseka ukuthi iqukethe i-vermiculite, i-peat ne-perlite. Kubalulekile ukugcina ubuningi bomhlabathi womninimzi. Ingaphansi ebhodweni igcwele amanzi, khona-ke inhlabathi iyathululelwa futhi ifakwe emanzini.
Ngemuva kokuthululela imbewu kuyo, ihlanganiswa enye ingqimba yenhlabathi ibe yi-5-7 mm, ihlanganiswe futhi igcwele ifilimu noma ingilazi. I-lokushisa kufanele ibe sezingeni lika-18-25ºC, ilanga eliqondile kufanele ligwenywe, futhi lisele amanzi ngokulinganisela. Amahlumela adinga ukulinda amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.
Ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga amabili noma amabili avela kumahlumela, angadluliselwa emiphakathini ehlukene yekota eyodwa egcwele isihlabathi. Ukunisela kuleli cala, sebenzisa phansi - izimbiza zifakwa epanini elijulile ngamanzi kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi igcwele.
Bese baqala ukukhusela amahora ambalwa ukuze bathuthukise izitshalo. Ngemuva kwesonto, zivuliwe ngokugcwele, bese ziqala ukuvezwa emoyeni omusha, okumele kube ngaphezu kwe-18 ºC.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
Nakuba lesi sitshalo singavumelani nezifo, kusengcupheni yokutheleleka lapho utshala isampula esisha, "ukuthatha" i-microorganism emhlabathini noma kwesinye isitshalo.
Ngeqhwa efrijini noma entwasahlobo, isifo se-fungal phyllostizosis sivame ukuvela - amabala aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga. I-Phyllosticta aspidistrae Oud fungus ingavela ezimbali. Izitshalo ezinjalo kufanele zinqunywe futhi zishiswe, futhi inhlabathi endaweni yayo kufanele ihlanzwe.
Amaqabunga angabetha ukubola okungcolile, okususwa yi-fungicides esekelwe kuma-folpet. Ngezinye izikhathi ukotini omhlophe ukhiwa entanyeni yentamo yesitshalo - i-sclerotinia, okungalawulwa nge-dichloran.
Uma izimbobo ezinkulu ziqala ukuvela emaqabunga, kusho ukuthi isitshalo sikhethe ama-slugs. Ukulwa nabo, ukubeka nxazonke isitsha sebhiya.
Ungakwazi ukuhlasela izitshalo bese uqeda ama-nematodes. Ukubonakala kwabo kubonakala ngamachashazi aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka phakathi kwe-streaks yamaqabunga. Lena yiyona eyisibi kakhulu esiphezulu sezitha, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukulwa naye.
Asikho isidakamizwa esithinta amaqanda e-nematode. Ngakho-ke, ukuwachitha isikhathi esisodwa, kufanele ulwa nabo futhi okwesibili.
Indlela kuphela yokuphuma ukusika zonke izitshalo ngaphakathi kwendawo engamamitha amabili bese uwashisa. Lungisa futhi izinambuzane ezizosiza ekulwa nezimpukane, izibungu nezimbungu.
Inhlanganisela yamabandla nezinye izitshalo
Uma ukhetha i-pair for hosts in engadini yakho, gwema izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezincane. Kulesi simo, kungcono ukuwahlanganisa nge-cuff soft, geyher, lungwort.
Ngezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zihlangene kahle adiantum stopovidny, astilby, izinhlobo ezincane zansuku zonke, owesifazane wezintaba. Umakhelwane ongcono uyoba yiFragrant Bouquet, enomngcele ophuzi emaqabunga, kanye nePatriot nge-stripe emhlophe emhlophe.
Njengoba umlindi evula amaqabunga ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, kuhle ukutshala izitshalo ezincane eduze kwazo, eziqhakaza entwasahlobo. Lokhu kuzokhipha indawo yezwe ngaphambi kokuba umphathi asebenze.
Ngokuvamile, umthetho ojwayelekile wokuhlanganiswa kwezitshalo ezakhiweni zamaqembu yizindawo ezakhiwa izitshalo ezingapheli, eziveziwe, amahlamvu avulekile. Ngakho-ke, tshala i-fern eduze nayo, ingadi yegeranium nabanye.
Khosta ku-design landscape
Emklamo wezwe, lesi sitshalo sivame ukusetshenziswa njengesitshalo somngcele, ngoba singakhula isikhathi eside endaweni efanayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinhlobo ezincane ezifana ne-Light Up noma i-Blue Cadet, enamaqabunga ama-blue.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zikuvumela ukuba wakhe izingoma ezinhle, isibonelo, eduze kwamathrekhi. Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi emthunzini okhuni bazobe bebahlaza ngaphandle kwezici zokuhlobisa, futhi bavele bashise elangeni, sebezitholile ukushisa.
Umngameli usetshenziselwa ukutshala izimpahla. Ukwengeza, amaqabunga asemthini asitshala ukhula, ngaleyo ndlela ahlanza indawo ezungezile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zikuvumela ukwakha amaphethini amahle we-carpet. Ngokuvamile ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, umlindi usetshenziswa njenge-plantain noma "Fortune".
Njengoba ubona, ummemezeli uyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo sinhle futhi sihlukile ngokwemisebenzi yokuklama. Khulisa futhi usakaze kalula. Futhi endaweni eyodwa kuyokhula eminyakeni edlule, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubuhle bayo, inakekele kahle.
