I-Primula - imbali evela emndenini wama-primroses. Lesi isitshalo esingapheli, esiqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-500 zama-primroses aziwa ukuthi zivame ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene: amahlathi, emathafeni, ezindaweni ezisezintabeni, isimo esiyinhloko sokusabalalisa inhlabathi enomhlabathi ecebile.
Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-primrose zisetshenziswa
Emasimini, izinhlobo ze-hybridi zivame ukukhula, ngezinye izikhathi zikhula. Okuvamile kulezi yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:
I-Primula evamile - ikhula eCrimea naseCaucasus. Izimbali ziphuzi ezineziko elibomvu, amaqabunga amancane, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isiqu esifushane. Blooms ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.
Spring primula - izimbali ziqhakazile, ezineziko le-orange phakathi, isambulela inflorescence. Izimbali phakathi nenyanga, kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Imifino evamile kakhulu enezimbali ezinkulu, eziphindwe kabili zamashides ahlukene.
I-Primula auricular - njenge-penumbra. Khulisa izinhlobo nezinhlamvu zalo, ikakhulukazi ezinemibala emibili. I-embrella inflorescence, i-blooms ngoMeyi-June, i-blooms ingaphansi kwenyanga.
I-Primula pubescent - i-hybrid yase-auricular. Izimbali zinkulu, zinhle, ziluhlaza futhi zinombala omnyama.
I-Primula idonswe kahle - i-inflorescence ifana nebhola, izimbali zinombala obomvu, obomvu, obomvu, obomvu obomvu, obumhlophe obuncane kakhulu. Kuhluma phakathi nenyanga ngo-Ephreli. Ehlobo emva kokuqhakaza, kufana ne-fern.
I-Primula high - izimbali ziphuzi, ziphakathi komnyama. I-Blossom ngo-Ephreli-May, i-blooms engaphezu kwenyanga. I-primrose ephakeme inezinhlamvu eziningi zembala ehlukahlukene.
I-Primula Kortuzovidnaya - izimbali ezibomvu, ezikhanyayo ezibomvu, ziqoqwe ku-inflorescence isambulela. Amaqabunga ayenamanzi, ayenziwe, ane-nap. Ihlumela kabili - ngoMeyi nango-Agasti-Septemba.
I-Yulia's primula iyinhlobo yezinhlobo ezincane kuphela eziphakeme ngo-10 cm. Ngo-Ephreli, izimbali ezibomvu zine-pink ziqhakaza kuze kube maphakathi no-May. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezikhulayo ezindaweni ezivulekile.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwe-primrose
I-primrose engapheli lapho kutshalwa idinga ukunamathela emithethweni eminingana, okufanayo kuyasebenza ekunakekeleni kwezimbali.
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika
Indawo efanele yokutshala - isihluthulelo sokuphumelela kwezimbali kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwe-primroses. Lesi sitshalo sithanda izindawo ezinomthunzi omncane, umoya omuhle ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ungabahlwanyela ngaphansi komuthi wesithelo noma shrub, lapho izimbali ezinamakhaza asephuzile.
Ezindaweni ezivulekile zelanga, ukuqala kokuqala engadini akuzwa kungakhululekile. Iqhakaza njengokujwayelekile, kodwa phakathi nehlobo ihlobo lamaqabunga ayo omile, kanti ekwindla isitshalo siba buthakathaka kakhulu futhi angeke siphume ngonyaka ozayo.
Uyazi? Kukhona inganekwane mayelana nemvelaphi ye-primrose. Umphostoli uPetru, lapho ezwa ukuthi imimoya eyayisuswa epharadesi yakha izihluthulelo zamasango epharadesi, yehlisa isikhiye sayo esikhiye. Endaweni yokuwa kwabo izimbali zakhula. Sekuyisikhathi eside, ama-primrose abizwa ngokuthi ama-Petrov okhiye.
Ukunisela nokudla umhlabathi
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukwengeza ama-humus noma umquba emhlabathini, umquba wamaminerali bese ubumba umhlabathi ngokujule okungenani ngamasentimitha angu-30. Uma unehlabathi loamy esiqhingini, engeza isihlabathi kuwo.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani i-primrose. Izinhlobo zobukhulu obuphakathi kufanele zitshalwe kude no-30 cm, ezinkulu - 40-50 cm. Ukunisela kuqhutshwa njalo, ukuze inhlabathi ihlale i-hydrated. Ngemuva kokunisela inhlabathi kudingeka ukukhulula kanye umquba.
Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, i-primrose isabela kahle ekusungulweni kwezinyoni zezinyoni. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umanyolo we-primrose uyadingeka kusuka kumakhemikhali e-potash, e-phosphorus nase-nitrogen. Kudingeka ukondle izikhathi ezintathu: entwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kwehlobo nasekupheleni.
Ukulungiselela izitshalo ebusika
Iningi le-primroses engadini ayidingi ukutshalwe kabusha ebusika, kodwa izinhlobo ze-hybrid zingenqamuki kweqhwa. Kunconywa ukumba bese ususe kuzo isitoreji sasebusika egumbini.
Izitshalo ezinamagciwane angalungiswa kanje: ekupheleni kwekwindla, engeza ama-humus ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Lokhu kuzovikela uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo kusuka ku-frost. Uma kungekho neqhwa elanele esifundeni sakho, i-primula kufanele ifakwe ngamagatsha ase-spruce.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukucwenga amaqabunga esitshalo ekwindla: amaqabunga ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kwe-primrose evela emoyeni naseqhwa. Ukunciphisa kunconywa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Izinketho zokubeletha ze-Primrose
Ngaphambi kokubeletha ukuhlobisa, cabanga ngezimbalwa eziningana. Uma isakazwa yizimbewu, izimbali ezikhulayo zasendle zigcina zonke izici zazo, futhi inhlamvu yensimu ngale ndlela ayidluli ezakhiweni. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-hybrid zisakazwa kahle ngokwemvelo.
Imbewu
Ukutshala imbewu ye-primrose kwenzeka ekwindla sekwephuzile. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekujuleni kwengxenye yecentimitha ebhokisini noma ngokushesha emhlabathini. Emhlabathini ovulekile ungahlwanyelwa entwasahlobo.
Ukubamba amaqabunga amabili noma amathathu atshalwa kude ka-15 cm. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, izitshalo ezikhulile zitshalwe endaweni evulekile.
Amahlumela adinga ukuchelela njalo.
Qaphela! I-Primrose ikhulile kusuka enzalweni, ikhula kancane kakhulu futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kuqala ukusabalalisa imbewu ye-primroses.
Cuttings
Ake sibone ukuthi singakhula kanjani ukuqala ukuxhunyelelwa. Hlukanisa ingxenye yehlumela ephuma esitsheni sensipho impande nge-scape, iqabunga kanye nehlumela. I-lamina inqunywe ngesigamu. Isiqu sitshalwe ekwakhiweni okulungiselelwe okuhlanganisa inhlabathi yomhlabathi kanye nesihlabathi ezinxenyeni ezilinganayo.
Izimo ezizwakalayo zokuqothulwa kwezimoto: + Ukushisa kuka-17 ° C, ukukhanya okuhle, kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile, inhlabathi emanzi ngokulinganisela. Lapho nje amaqabunga amathathu evela, i-primula ifakwe ebhodweni enobubanzi obuyi-10 cm.
Uma ungazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-primrose ekhaya, njengebhodi, sebenzisa le ndlela. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ensimini ngokufudumala futhi ukuqala kwemibandela kukhululekile ekutholeni izindawo ezivulekile.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukuhlukaniswa uthatha isitshalo lapho uneminyaka emithathu, kungabi ngaphansi. I-shrub ekhule kahle ihlinzeka ngezigaba eziyisithupha, kufanele ibe nezimpande ezithuthukile kahle namashidi ambalwa. Izitshalo ezihlukanisiwe zitshalwe ekwindla zakuqala ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala. Esikhathini ukushisa okukhulu, delenki kudinga ukuchelela ezengeziwe nsuku zonke.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-primrose ku-landscape design
Ensimini ngayinye kukhona indawo yamahhala engahlotshiswe ngekhabethe elinemibala yama-primroses. Ukuze kuhlotswe ama-flowerbeds, izinhlobo ze-primroses ze-hybride zisetshenziselwa: i-primrose, intwasahlobo, i-abalone ne-toxiched kahle. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene nemibala, ngaphandle kokuqhakaza kabili: entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Ukudala imingcele enhle futhi enemifino efanelekayo ye-primrose polyantovaya nephezulu. Lezi zitshalo zinama-large, ama-inflorescences amahle, kodwa kufanele zitshalwe endaweni evikelekile emisebeni eqondile yelanga, okungcono ukusuka enyakatho yensimu. Uma kungenjalo, isikhathi sokuvuna sizonciphisa, futhi izimbali zizolahlekelwa ngokushesha.
Uma isayithi lakho linemithombo, nxazonke ungatshala ucingo lwe-primroses. Udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezithanda umswakama ophezulu, isibonelo, umklomelo weSikkim.
Izinto zokuphulukisa ze-primrose
I-Primula iqukethe inani elikhulu le-ascorbic acid ne-carotene, okwenza kube yigugu esikhathini se-beriberi. Amaqabunga e-primrose, eluhlaza, ahlukumezeka abe isaladi, endaweni eyomile - eyongezwa izobho kanye nezitsha eziyinhloko njengesikhumba. Amaqabunga ambalwa kuphela anganikeza ukudla kwansuku zonke kwe-vitamin C kumuntu.
Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa imithi yabantu njenge-analgesic, diuretic, ukuphulukisa kanye ne-anti-inflammatory agent. I-Primula isetshenziswa ekwelapheni izifo eziningi, njenge:
- Izinhlanzi (rhinitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, laryngitis, pneumonia);
- I-rheumatism ne-gout;
- Ukukhanda ikhanda, i-migraines, i-neurosis ne-sleepiness;
- Isifo sezinso, ukukhuluphala kwesibindi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-primrose njengomuthi kuvimbela ukushaya nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Isiza ukubuyisela ama-hormone, kuqinisa izindonga zemithwalo yegazi, kusiza nge-eczema, nezinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa nezinye izinkinga eziningi. Ngomnyaka wama-70, umphumela we-antitumor wamafutha we-primrose watholakala.
Kuyathakazelisa EGreece lasendulo, i-primrose yayibizwa ngokuthi imbali yabankulunkulu abayishumi nambili. Ngokomlando, onkulunkulu bafuna ukusiza le nsizwa ephule ukukhubazeka. Engazi ukuthi angamsiza kanjani, onkulunkulu baphendukela intsha ibe yimbali enhle. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-primrose isetshenziselwa izinjongo zokwelapha.
Izinkinga zokulima ezikhona
Inzima enkulu ukuthi izinhlobo ngezinye izikhathi ziyahlukahluka ezimweni zokunakekelwa. Kudingekile ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungatshala kanjani izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-primroses, yikuphi indawo, kunjani umhlabathi, futhi yiziphi izinhlobo ezidinga ukuchelela nokuvundisa njalo.
Ukunakekelwa okungalungile kwesitshalo kuzoholela ezinkingeni ezilandelayo: ukubola kwempande - ukuchichima esimweni sezulu esibanda; amaqabunga awela - ukuchelela okwanele.
Ama-Primroses anezitha - ama-slugs kanye nemiski. Lezi zinambuzane kudingeka ziqoqwe ngesandla bese zibeka izicupho kubo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo khumbula, lezi zingibe ziyingozi ezifuywayo.
Ungatshali ama-primroses eduze kwamagilebhisi: ama-weevils nama-larvae, izinambuzane eziyinhloko zomvini, ungayinaki imifino ecebile yama-primroses. Izimpungushe ziphazamisa izimpande, ngakho kunzima ukuziqeda. Kuphela ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali wesitshalo kuzosiza.
Naphezu kobunzima, i-primrose ingenye yezitshalo ezizithandayo kakhulu zabalimi. Ngakho-ke, bafika ngamagama ahlukahlukene abumnene kubo - izihluthulelo, izintandokazi zezintandokazi, izimbali zePhasika nabanye.
