I-Lavender (lat. Lavandula) - ummeleli wezitshalo zezitshalo zomndeni uJasnotkovyh (uLamiaceae noma uLabiatae). Igama livela kulesiGreki. "Lava", okusho ukuthi "ukugeza", ngenxa yokuthi eGrisi lasendulo, i-lavender yanezelwa emabhati okugeza. I-Botanists ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingu-47 zalesi sitshalo. I-Lavender ivela eMedithera. Njengoba i-lavender ingenawo iphunga elimnandi kuphela, kodwa futhi nemithi ethile yokwelashwa, abantu bathanda isitshalo futhi bavumelanisa i-lavender ekuphileni, noma baqala ukukhula izimbali ze-lavender emibhodwe nemibhede yemifula.
Ukukhiqiza i-lavender ekhaya kuhilela ukukhetha indawo efanelekile, ukulungiselela imbewu, nokuyilungisa. Isici esibalulekile se-lavender ekhulayo ekhaya yikhono lokusebenzisa umquba ophilayo.
Ukwenza i-lavender ekhulayo ekhaya kulula kakhulu uma ungumnikazi we-cottage ehlobo lapho ungakhula khona i-lavender endaweni yezimboni, uzame ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ekhaya, konke kubonakala kulula, ngoba ungathatha isitsha esikhethekile, usebenzise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu: ekhaya unethuba lokutshala i-lavender endaweni enelanga lapho kungadingi ukuthuthukiswa okungeziwe okukhulisa.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-lavender embizeni iyisitshalo esithandekayo futhi ibangela izinkinga eziningi, kodwa lokhu kuyindabakwane. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule i-lavender kusuka embizeni ebhodweni ewindini lakho: isitshalo ngokwaso singenakuzithoba. Ngama-Windowsills nama-imibhede yama-flower, ngokuvamile singathola izinhlobo ezimbili ze-lavender: broadleaf futhi imincane-evuliwe. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zihluma kahle futhi ziyaqhakaza. Sizokukhuluma kabanzi mayelana nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezimfihlo ze-lavender, mayelana nemithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa kulesi sihloko.
Uyazi? Uma uhlala eNyakatho noma eduze nenyakatho, kufanele ukhethe i-lavender encane evulekile, njengoba kunzima kakhulu emakhazeni ebusika.
Kuphi ibhodlela yokukhulisa i-lavender, khetha usayizi
Izitshalo zabantu abadala zifuna isikhala esiningi ukuze bakwazi ukondla izimbali namaqabunga. Ukuze ukondle kahle futhi utshale i-lavender, kufanele uqale ukhethe ibhodlela noma isitsha ngokufanele, ngoba ngisho nangentwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla yokuqala imbali yakho isebenza ensimini, usafuna ukususa ebusika (okungadingekile, Ungamane ufihle i-lavender emoyeni) endaweni "yokuhlala" efanele futhi ekhululekile. Lesi sitshalo, esiqala ngegciwane, sithanda izimbiza ezinkulu neziqukathi.
Kubalulekile! Ngisho noma usanda ukutshala i-lavender, khetha ifomu eliphakathi nendawo yalokhu.
Ukuze i-lavender ithole ukunakekelwa okufanele futhi ifanele, kufanele ukhumbule iphethini eyodwa - amancane ebhodweni, isikhala esincane sokudla nokukhula, ezincane izimbali. I-container (ibhodlela) kufanele ibe okungenani ama-2 amalitha ngomthamo futhi angaba ngu-30 cm ububanzi. Ibhodlela kufanele libe nemigodi eyanele yokukhipha amanzi, kodwa amagravel noma amanzi akufanele "avalize" lezi zimbobo ngesikhathi sokutshala.
Indlela yokukhetha indawo ye-lavender
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-lavender ayihloselwe ukuhlala ngaphakathi, kodwa lokhu kuyindabakwane. Yebo, i-lavender idinga ukunakekelwa okhethekile, kodwa zonke izitshalo zidinga ukunakekelwa! Ngakho isici esiyinhloko ekwindeni yembali yakho kuyoba yindawo "yokuphila" kwakhe. Lapha, imibono yezitshalo zezitshalo zihlukile: abanye bakholelwa ukuthi i-lavender izwa kahle kakhulu ensimini, abanye - ezindaweni ezihlala kuyo.
Kunoma yikuphi, indawo yokuhlala enhle ye lavender kuyoba yindawo enelanga, ephephile. Uma ushiya imbali ebusika ngaphandle, ungayifaka. Inhlabathi lapho i-lavender etshalwe khona idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile: kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi futhi ukhumbule ukuthi inhlabathi kufanele ibe yi-alkaline.
Uyazi? I-Lavender kungcono ukungatshali efesiteleni, lapho kunebhethri, njengoba iyoyomisa.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-lavender
I-lavender idinga ukunakekelwa okufanele nokutshala, okwenziwe ngokucacile kulo lonke ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo. Sesivele sisho isidingo sokuthola ukukhanya kwelanga njalo kumaqabunga nezimbali zesitshalo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela lavender eningizimu. Ehlobo, i-lavender yenziwa "ukuhamba" emgodini. Kodwa ukuhamba kufanele kuqale ngehora, ngoba uma ushiya isitshalo ngaphandle isikhathi eside, kungase kuphelelwe umoya okweqile.
I-lavender iyinhlanhla kakhulu, kodwa ayithandi ukoma. Ebusika, kungcono ukubeka i-lavender efasiteleni lefasitela ngakwesokunxele (uma kungenzeka), kodwa izinga lokushisa lama-10-15 degrees lizoba ngcono. Kodwa izinga lokushisa, ukukhanyisa kanye nendawo yokukhula - hhayi konke. Ukuze i-lavender ithole ukunakekelwa okufanele nokutshala, kudingekile ukuba njalo ukondle lesi sitshalo, unciphise ama-cuttings, ngezikhathi ezithile utshala imbali bese ukhulula phansi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukukhungatheka kwomoya; uma ungenayo i-humidifier, ungasebenzisa isibhamu esivamile bese uphefa isitshalo ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
Kubalulekile! Uma imbali yakho ingenalo ukukhanya okwanele, ke ngesikhathi sebusika ungayinika ngokukhanyisa okungeziwe, kufaka phakathi isibani se-fluorescent esiseduze nayo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Into esemqoka okudingeka uyikhumbule nge-lavender -Lesi sitshalo asibekezelelisi umquba we-organic and nitrogen. Amalungiselelo adingekayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwesitshalo yilowo aqukethe i-potassium njengengxenye enkulu. Isikhathi sokuqala (amasonto angu-8-10) emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu / ukutshala imbewu, isitshalo kumele sikhuliswe kanye ngesonto ngamanyolo ahlanzekile, ngokusekelwe ku-2 g (ipulagi elilodwa) lama-fertilizer ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi. Umanyolo osebenzayo uzoba yi-eggshell echotshoziwe, eyogcina ibhalansi lama-alkali emhlabathini. Uma i-lavender yakho ikhula emhlabathini ovulekile, kufanele isetshenziswe ekuqaleni kokuchichima ngamanyolo ofanayo (isibonelo, Agricola) nangemva kokuqhakaza (noma yikuphi umanyolo wamaminerali) ngokubalwa kwamalitha amathathu ehlathini.
Izici zokunisela ebusika nasehlobo
I-lavender idinga ukuphuza kuphela ngenkathi yesomiso, kodwa ungacabangi ukuthi udinga ukuphuzisa i-lavender kanye ngesonto. Yiqiniso, kusuka ekutheni ukuchelela kakhulu imbali kuzobola, kodwa inhlabathi yegumbi lavender kumele ibe njalo. Amanzi okuchelela kufanele ahlungwe noma ahlukaniswe. Uma isitshalo sakho sisasemncane, kudingeka udlule kabili ngosuku: ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Kubalulekile! Kudingekile ukuba ungabi amanzi kuphela izimpande, kodwa futhi engxenyeni engenhla yesitshalo, ngakho-ke abalimi abaningi batusa ukuhlela "imvula" yalo mbali: kanye ngesonto, thatha isitshalo ngaphandle (faka izimbiza ebhodini) kanye nokuchelela, uchithe isitshalo sonke ngomfudlana omncane. Kodwa kulokhu, udinga ukuba uqaphele kakhulu ukuba ungalimazi amaqabunga noma umbala.
Ukutshala izihlahla
Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ukunakekela i-lavender futhi kuxhomeke ekutheni izihlahla ezifakwe kahle, ngoba uma uthatha isitshalo esingalungile, khona-ke ngeke kube khona okumele ukhathalele. Inqubo yokusika izihlahla i-lavender ingcono kakhulu eyenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu: ihlobo (ebaluleke kunazo zonke), ekwindla kanye nasezintweni zokusika.
Ake siqale nge-trim ehlobo. Ukuze sidonsa i-lavender, sidinga amagilavu kanye nezicathulo ezijwayelekile. Okokuqala, sinquma lawo magatsha anamahlumela amancane ezinhlangothini. Sika kulezi zihlumela, bese zikhula zibe yimbali. Uma amagatsha esitshalo sakho ejwayele ukugoba, bese usika igatsha elinjalo kuze kube phansi kwegciwane. Siphinde sibheke ngokucophelela isitshalo sokuba khona kwamagatsha asomile ngokuphelele, okudingeke ukuba anqunywe. Ngokuvamile amagatsha anjalo avela ngenxa yezimo zezulu noma iminyaka yesitshalo.
Uyazi?Ukusika izihlahla kukuvumela ukuba uqoqe umkhiqizo, okuyizimbali namaqabunga, okuyiwona okwamanje okuwusizo kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokukhipha i-lavender ekwindla, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukusika zonke izimbali kusuka emagatsheni "awela" - ukusika kuze kube sekugcineni. Sika i-lavender ingaba mfushane kakhulu, hhayi kakhulu, kuncike esikhathini sokuphakamisa "izinso entwasahlobo.
Ukusika izihlahla ze-lavender kungcono kakhulu ekupheleni kukaMashi (uma izimo zezulu zivumela). Ukusika izihlahla kufana nokuhlanza, njengoba kuhloswe ukususa amagatsha asomile, aphukile, aphulwe. Ukusika izihlahla kuyenziwa futhi ukuze "ufanise" ukuma kwesitshalo.
Indlela yokutshala i-lavender indlu, ukukhiqiza ukukhiqiza
Umbuzo ovame ukubuza: Indlela yokutshala i-lavender ekhaya kulula! Konke okudingayo kuyisitsha sokusika, ukusika, imbewu, i-lavender slides, inhlabathi (isitsha), umanyolo, ifosholo, i-powder yokubhaka inhlabathi nolwazi oluthile lwamakhono namakhono.
Ukusebenzisa umoya wokubeka
Indlela yokukhiqizwa kwe-lavender air layering isetshenziswe kangcono ngesikhathi esiphuzile lapho umswakama wenhlabathi uphezulu. Uma usebenzisa le ndlela, akudingeki ukuba ulungise ama-cuttings noma uthenge imbewu, okwanele ukukhetha igatsha elidala kunazo zonke (kodwa uhlale) esitshalweni somdala, usike imbali kuso, ugobe imbobo encane bese ugoba leli gatsha lapho, ulifafaze phezu kwalo, ulile amanzi njalo ngezinsuku ezimbili futhi uhlanganise kancane izinsuku ezingu-5-7 emva kokutshala. Le ndlela ngezinye izikhathi isebenza ngaphandle kosizo lwakho: uma ubheka ngaphansi kwesihlahla sembali evuthiwe, uzothola amahlumela amaningana lapho, ngenxa yokuhlwanyela kwe-lavender.
I-cuttings ye-lavender
Abalimi abaningi abangenalwazi ngokushesha bathatha ukutshala izimbali ze-lavender ngezithombo. Abaningi benza amaphutha, ngoba akudingeki ukuthi wazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani i-lavender sapling, kodwa nokuthi ungayithola kanjani. Ukuze uthinte, udinga ukuthatha amahlumela amancane kuphela, kodwa asevele egobile ehlathini eliphilile. Kusukela ekunqumeni, kubalulekile ukusika umbala (nakuba kuphakanyiswa ukukhetha amahlumela angakaqali) futhi uhlanze amaqabunga aphansi ngamasentimitha angu-3-4.
Ukuxhunyelelwa sidinga ibhodlela lobukhulu obuphakathi, ubude bomhlabathi, inhlabathi (ingxube ye-sod, ishidi nesihlabathi ngobuningi obulinganayo) nesihlabathi esomile. Faka ama-shards ezansi ebhodweni, bese ubeka isihlabathi esiswakanyisiwe (for drainage kangcono), bese ubeka phansi, ukuwunqamula phansi. Ngama-1.5 cm ubeka enye ingqimba yesanti eshisayo phezulu emhlabathini. Okulandelayo, sithatha ukusika okuphelile, inqubo ngokuvuselela ukukhula bese ufaka uhlangothi oluhlanjululwe emhlabathini.
Ukuze uthole ukuqhuma okungcono, "cindezela" isitshalo kusuka ngezansi ngeminwe emibili. Emva kwalokhu, izithombo kufanele ziphuze. Siphinde sibe nomthelela we "tropic" wokusika: ekhaya siwumboze nge-polyethylene ukuze singalimazi isitshalo, ezimweni zezimboni kukhona izindawo zokugcina zokugcina zokugcina kanye "nama-hubcaps" kulokhu. Shiya isiqu ngesonto ngezimo ezinjalo. Uma wenza konke okulungile, ukusika kwakho kuzothatha kalula izimpande futhi zikhule zibe ngu-15 cm ubude.
Imbewu ekhula i-lavender
Ake sikhulume manje ngokuthi singakhula kanjani i-lavender kusuka enzalweni. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala zonke imbewu kumele zenze inqubo yokuqamba.
Uyazi?Ukwakhiwa kwemvelo - ukugcina imbewu emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Indlela yokuqala futhi elula yokuqamba ukusebenzisa isihlabathi. Thela imbewu enhlabathini emanzi bese ufafaza isihlabathi esomile phezulu, ungeze kancane. Amandla nge-lavender ehlanganiswe esikhwameni bese efakwa efrijini (lokushisa ama-3-5 ° C). Inqubo yokuqhafaza ihlala izinsuku ezingu-30-60.
Indlela yesibili ukuthatha isitsha esicwebezelayo noma isitsha esiphila phansi, ubeke i-discton disc phansi, u-wet, uthele imbewu phezulu, ubeke enye ipokotini ehlutshiwe embewu. Okulandelayo, sigcina iphakheji lesitsha bese sibeka efrijini.
Indlela yesithathu iyafana, kepha esikhundleni sama disks sisebenzisa ama-wet wipes.
Indlela yesine ukusebenzisa ibhodlela ngenhlabathi nomhlabathi (isilinganiso esingu-1: 1), uthele imbewu enhlabathini enomanzi, ufafaze isihlabathi phezulu bese ugaxa phezulu, uwubophe esikhwameni seplastiki bese uyifaka esiqandisini izinsuku ezingu-30-60.
Kubalulekile!Phakathi ne-stratification, udinga ukuhambisa iziqukathi ngezinhlamvu!
Kungakapheli isonto nengxenye ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqamba, siqala ukuthola imbewu yethu ihora elilodwa emakhazeni bese "sibaqeqesha" ekamelweni lokushisa. Uma usuvele uthathe isinqumo sokutshala i-lavender, imbewu yokutshala ebhodweni ngomhlabathi nesihlabathi (1: 1), ungawabizi phansi phansi, ufafaze isihlabathi phezulu, i-moisten. Ukumboza ibhodlela ngokugqoka eplastiki, ufake indawo enelanga. Somoya futhi siphambise kanye ngesonto.
Uma ulandela zonke izincomo, isitshalo sakho sizokuthokozisa ngephunga elimnandi, elimnandi futhi umbala omangalisayo iminyaka eminingi.
