Namuhla, izinkukhu ezizalisayo yinto ethandwa kakhulu.
Ikuvumela ukuba udle njalo inyama enhle, yemvelo, inyama ehlanzekile namaqanda.
Kodwa, uma sikhuluma ngokuzalisa izinkukhu Brahma, khona-ke kuzoletha nokwaneliseka kokuhleleka.
Yiqiniso, lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu luyoba umhlobiso wezinyoni.
Bahlale behlukaniswa umbala omuhle, ukuzola, ukulinganisela, ubuhle, ukukhuthazela.
Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, kanye nobukhulu bayo nobukhulu obukhulu, lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu luye lwazuza inqwaba yezinkukhu-abalimi.
Abathandi bezinkukhu zezinkukhu zezinkukhu bavame ukuvuthwa njengokuhlobisa noma ukugcina i-gene pool.
Yiziphi izici ezisemqoka zohlobo lwe-Pomfret?
Lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu lwakhiwa ngokukhethwa isikhathi eside nokuwela. Phakathi kwamaMalaysia namaCochinites, abantu abaqine kakhulu nabakhulu kunawo wonke bakhethwa, emva kwalokho bawela. Khona-ke isikhathi eside sikhethiwe "ngokwayo."
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lezo Brahms ezazisekuqaleni, ne-Brahma yanamuhla zihluke kakhulu.
Esikhathini esedlule, i-breed ibanjwe ubukhulu nezimfanelo zayo zenyama. Isisindo esibukhoma se-rooster singafinyelela kuma-kilogram ayi-7, kwakungavamile ukuba intsha ikhule ngokushesha (eneminyaka eyizinyanga ezinhlanu yayilinganisa ama-kilogram ayi-3 futhi yafinyelela ebusheni).
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimfanelo ezikhiqizayo zalolu hlobo lwezinkukhu zancipha. Ungachaza konke ukukhethwa kwezinyoni ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo kuphela izibonakaliso zokuhlobisa, futhi izimfanelo ezibalulekile ezikhiqizayo zazinakwa ngokuphelele.
Ngakho, kancane kancane le nyoni yaqala ukuthola i-value kuphela yokuhlobisa.
Isisindo esibukhoma sezinsimbi zeBrahma esaziwa namuhla singafinyelela kuma 4.5 kilogram. Nakuba lesi sibalo asikwazi neze ukubizwa ngokuthi sincane, kodwa konke kuyaziwa uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo luyisiqondiso somzimba.
Jikelele izibonakaliso zangaphandle lezi zinyoni ezinhle namuhla:
- I-pomura ikhukhu izinkukhu zinkulu futhi zizungezile;
- Inhloko encane;
- Umbuso omkhulu;
- Ukuhlanganisa kuncane, ama-pods, umugqa omithathu, awukho ukuphela okubukhali;
- Amehlo asejulile asetshenziswe, efihlekile ngaphansi kwamapulangwe amakhulu e-brow, ngenxa yalokhu, ukubukeka kubonakala kunzima;
- Umbala we-ear lobes ubomvu, ukuma kuhlanganiswa;
- Amacici amancane;
- I-Beak mfushane;
- Kukhona isikhwama sesikhumba, esakhiwe ngaphansi komlomo entanyeni;
- Intamo ibude obude, ne-mane emangalisayo. Ekuqaleni kukhona ukugoba okuncane;
- Isifuba esikhulu esikhulu siza phambili;
- Umzila womsila-emuva-intamo unomculo we-lyre;
- Umzimba ubheka kakhulu;
- Ingemuva ivulekile;
- Umsila unamathela, ufushane;
- Izingibe ezivela ngaphandle zinezimpi, ziqinile, zikhulu;
- I-plumage iyanzima, iningi, eduze komzimba;
- Imibala emibala kakhulu enemibala epholile.
Izinkukhu zigcwele futhi zifushane kakhulu kunemilenze, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-roosters.
Kungani abafuyi bezinkukhu bekhetha ukukhula inkukhu yezinkukhu? Ake sikhulume ngokufaneleka
Uzokwenza izinyoni ezifuywayo ezifuywayo futhi ungakaze wazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezizokhetha: inyama, ama-broilers, izendlalelo, noma ufuna nje ukuzala ukuze ujabulise ukujabulisa, i-Brahma yenkukhu inzalo ingaba yindlela efanele kakhulu.
Kulo mhlanga ukuthi iningi lezintandokazi zezilwane zezinkukhu lihlangene: Umbala omuhle okwedlulele, izimfanelo zenyama ethuthukisiwe, ngenxa yethambo elincanyana, elitholwa kalula ngezandla. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.
Imvelo yokuhlobisa yalesi sizwe ishukumisa abaningi abalimi bezinkukhu. Ngaphambilini lezi zinkukhu ngaphandle komzuzwana wokubonga, akunakwenzeka ukudlula Abashayi banezela ukuziqhenya okuziqhenyayo. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bafihla ngemuva kwalesi sithombe. izinyoni ezizolile, ezikhohlakeleyo, izintambo ezilula nokuzethemba nezinkukhu.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yezinkukhu ze-Brahma yinto evumelekile kakhulu ezindaweni ezibandayo.
Ukukhulela izinkukhu ezincane kungaba nzima kakhulu, kodwa izinyoni ezindala zihlelwe kahle ezimweni ezibandayo nezimanzi. Lokhu kungabonisa ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ngezikhathi zasebusika.
Izinkukhu zezinkukhu ziyaziwa yizinkukhu ngokulimala kwazo - ingafinyelela 3-4 kilogram. Ngesinye isikhathi isisindo samakhukhamba sikhulu kangangokuthi sibavimbela ukuba bangama kancane.
Yiziphi iziphutha zeBrahma ezifihliwe ngemuva kwalokhu ubuhle obungavamile?
Uma sikhuluma ngokushiyeka kanye nobunzima bokukhulisa lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu, kufanelekile ukubalula:
- Ngisho nesikhungo sokuhlengikaza esithuthukile, izinkukhu zalolu hlobo alukhuthazwa ukuba zisetshenziswe njengezinkukhu. Lo mzuzu ongajabulisayo uchazwa yisisindo esikhulu senkukhu; singakwazi ukuvimbela amaqanda. Ukuqhubekela phambili kulokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube yeqanda noma ezinye izinkukhu ezincane zokuhlanza izinkukhu, ngoba zingaba yi-1.5 kilogram esingaphansi kwesisindo kunesi-Brahma.
- Ukukhula kancane kwezinkukhu. Akugcini nje ukukhula kancane, kodwa kancane kancane. Ukuphepha kwabo kungaba ngu-70%;
- Iziqu ezinamandla kakhulu kanye;
- Umunwe ongaphakathi ongaqiniseki, uma uqhathaniswa nemilenze yezinkukhu ezijwayelekile.
Ziyini lezi zinkukhu ze-Brahma?
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zeBrahma: I-European and American. Ngokuseduze kwamaKokhinits uhlobo lwesiYurophu, banamapulangwe amaningi futhi bancane kakhulu ngobukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo lwesizwe saseMelika.
Kamuva kwaqokwa: I-Brahma ibumnyama futhi uBrahma ilula, ngemuva kokuba konke uBrahma okhethwe yi-fawn.
Brama ngombala omnyama
I-Brahma emnyama ibhekene nokuguquguquka okuphezulu esimweni sezulu esibandayo. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwenkukhu lufakwe njengehlobiso. Izimpawu ezisemqoka zangaphandle ziyi:
- I-hawk ethuthukisiwe yashiya;
- i-bulging, ikhanda elincane;
- ikhanda elincane, kuncane;
- i-ridge ihlukaniswe ibe yi-grooves ezintathu;
- i-beak yellow nge-strip black longitudinal, i-bent kancane, iqinile;
- izinyawo ezinamathele, ezide, ezinzima, eziphuzi;
- i-lobes emifushane emifushane, emnyama;
- amehlo abomvu obomvu;
- isifuba esikhulu, ububanzi kunezinye izinhlobo ze-Brahma, ezingenalutho;
- isikhumba singumhlophe futhi simhlophe;
- amaphiko amakhulu.
Iqhude entanyeni nasemine linama-sildes, futhi phakathi nendawo umugqa wesikhathi eside. Umbala wezinkukhu ulawulwa umbala omnyama, izimpaphe ezimnyama zihambisana nemigqa emhlophe, umzimba unempaphe emhlophe nemigqa yemivimbo emnyama.
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi eBrahma ubumnyama bufika ezinyangeni eziyi-6-8 ezindala. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, inkukhu inesisindo esingama 4 kilogram, kanti i-rooster - kuze kufike ku-5 kilogram. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kungamaqanda angama-120-150. Isisindo se-egg esingama-gramu angu-70, umbala wegobolondo - ukhilimu.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngokutshalwa kwamahansi.
Fawn hens
Enye yezinhlobonhlobo zohlobo yi-Brahma. Izimpawu zangaphandle ziyi:
- Amatshe ase-superciliary asetshenziselwa, okuqinisekisa ukuqina kombono;
- Amehlo abomvu obomvu;
- Inhloko ibonakala ibincanyana kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nomzimba;
- Izinzwane zisekelwa kuphela phakathi naphakathi;
- Imisipha yilephuzi, ilukhuni, ngokubutha okuqinile kweziqongweni;
- I-crest ihlukaniswe ngezimpondo ezintathu, i-pea-enziwe;
- Umsila uwubude obude;
- Ingemuva ifushane;
- Intamo ingavunyelwe isikhathi eside.
Ama-rooster ane-mane emnyama kakhulu kunombala oyinhloko. Isisindo esibukhoma eneminyaka engu-8 singafinyelela amakhilogremu angu-4-5. Inkukhu ye-Chicken Brama inombala ogqamile ngokuvamile ayihlolwe ngenxa yenyama noma amaqanda, kodwa njengento ehlobisa.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kungamaqanda angaba ngu-130 ngonyaka. Isisindo esibukhoma seqanda singama-gramu angu-59. Igobolondo le-Cream elinemibala.
Faka umbala okhanyayo (okhanyayo)
I-Brama enombala obomvu yanqoba iningi labalimi bezinkukhu kanye nomphumela walo wokuhlobisa. Lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu luzolile kakhulu. Kulula ukwehlisa, futhi kungabuye kufundiswe ukusondla ezandleni, ngoba bayethemba kakhulu.
Isimo esiyinhloko sokuzalanisa i-Brahma ngombala okhanyayo ukuhamba njalo. Lolu hlobo lubonakala ngokudluliswa okuhle kwesimo sezulu esinzima, sezulu. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuzalanisa akulula njengoba kungase kubonakale.
I-Brahma emhlophe ehlanzekile emhlophe ifinyelela ku-4.5 kilogram ezinyangeni ezingu-5-6 futhi iqala ukubeka amaqanda (izingcezu ezingaba ngu-160-170 ngonyaka).
Igobolondo inekhrimu ene-shades yombala. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuphakama phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika. Ngalesi sisekelo, ngesikhathi sasebusika, i-Brahma ilula idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Izimpawu zangaphandle lezi yizi:
- Inhloko encane nekhanda elincane elivelele;
- Ama-arches superciliary athuthukile kahle;
- Ubhontshisi obuphuzi bunemivimbo emnyama;
- Ikhefu lombala obomvu lihlukaniswe libe yizimpondo ezintathu;
- I-ear lobes enkulu;
- Amehlo ajulile;
- Amacici abe nokuzungeza okulungile, ngobukhulu obuphakathi;
- Intamo ingavumelani isikhathi eside, nge-white white;
- Amaphiko aphakathi kwamakhulu, aqinile kumzimba;
- Umhlane ububanzi, bufushane;
- I-torso enemibala enemibala;
- Amathambo akho;
- Isikhumba esiphuzi;
- Isifuba sikhulu, sigcwele;
- Ukusekela ngokuqondile umsila omncane, usakaze ezinhlangothini;
- Imilenze iminyene kakhulu, ikhulu;
- Amapulazi avamile amaningi;
Imilenze yezinsiza inika ukukhanya kwesisindo nokulingana eBrahma. Umbala walolu hlobo uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Colombian, ngoba kulo mbala ukuthi i-white-white dominates, kanye no-Brahma's light one.
Ngaphandle kwe-white-grey eyinhloko kulezi zinyosi, amaphiko okuqondisa kanye nezindiza, kanye nentamo, zidwetshwe abamnyama ngendwangu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimpaphe ze-lumbar ezibomvu zimhlophe ngomcibisholo omnyama, kanti izinkukhu zihlanzekile ezimhlophe.
Okungafanelekile ukuqhakaza kombala ophuzi emagqabeni, noma ukutholakala kwemicu emnyama emagqumeni angama-lumbar we-cock.
Qala ukusheshisa ngokusheshisa. I-eggshell yama-cream. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuphakama phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ngokwesilinganiso ngonyaka amaqanda angama-100-120. isisindo seqanda elilodwa liyi-50-60 amagremu.
Isisindo somzimba wezinyosi - amakhilogremu angu-4, izinkukhu - amakhilogremu amathathu.
Ukusebenza okuphezulu noma okuphansi kulokhu kuzalwa kwezinkukhu?
Abalimi bezinkukhu abanokuhlangenwe nakho abafisa ukukhula kulolu hlobo lwezinkukhu, ngempendulo yombuzo othi: "Kungani kuzalwa ubuhlungu?" ngempendulo eyodwa yezwi: "Uzuze kabili: amaqanda nenyama".
Izinkukhu ezineminyaka emibili ubudala zinenani eliphezulu lokukhiqiza amaqanda - amaqanda angama-120-150 ngonyaka. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kunciphise kakhulu. I-Brahma iqala ukungafihli ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezingu-7.5 kuya ku-9. Isisindo seqanda elingu-55-60 amagremu.
Isisindo esibukhoma sezinkukhu singumnyama omnyama kuze kube ngu-4 kilogram, ukukhanya kancane kancane - kufika ku-3-3.5 kilogram. Isisindo esibukhoma sezinsika - kufika kumakhilogremu angu-4-6. I-skeleton encane kakhulu ikhuluma ngezimfanelo zokuthuthukiswa kweBrahma.
Ukuphepha kwezinsizwa ezincane - 70%, nezindala - 90%
Imithetho elula futhi elula yokuzalisa izinkukhu i-Brama
Abantu abaningi, ukuthenga i-hen Brahma ngenjabulo yokuzijabulisa, ngezinye izikhathi abaqondi kahle ukuthi yilo "charm lobuhle" oludinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe.
Ngeke kuthiwa ukunakekelwa kweBrahma kunzima kakhulu, kodwa kunezimiso ezibaluleke kakhulu ekususweni okufanele. Uma zingalandelwa, izinyoni zingase zigule kaningi futhi zingenise inzuzo.
Ukususwa kwezinkukhu: yiziphi ubunzima nama-nuances azobhekana nazo
Ayikho ukhule kancane kancane futhi ukunakekelwa okudinga kakhulu nokudla. I-hatchability yezinkukhu cishe amaphesenti angamakhulu. Isici esiyinhloko se-incubation period yisikhumbi esiphezulu esifudumele kakhulu emazingeni okushisa kakhulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emva kokubeka amaqanda phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezingu-5-6.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqothuka kwezinkukhu ukuzokhipha emgwaqweni akunakwenzeka neze. Kunconywa ukuwahambisa ebhokisini lensimbi, ngaphansi kwesibani sokukhanya, lokhu kuzobanikeza kokubili ukukhanya nokushisa.
Futhi ngemva nje kweviki lokuphila ebhokisini ingabe i-Brahma ingavunyelwa amahora ambalwa ngotshani obuhlaza, ukuhamba ngaphansi kwelanga.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kunesidingo sokwenza umsebenzi wokuvimbela nezinkukhu. Izifo zabo azifani nazo zonke lezo zifo izinkukhu ezijwayelekile ezigulayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugoma izinkukhu, ikakhulukazi ezivela kumkhuhlane wezinyoni.
Lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi! Kulesi sizukulwane sezinkukhu, izici zemvelo ziqala ngokugcwele ukuzibonakalisa kusukela ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, ngakho-ke, amaqanda kufanele akhethwe ukuba afakwe kwi-incubator ezinyoni ezingaphansi kwale minyaka. Futhi amaqanda onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila amancane kakhulu kuneyesibili.
Yikuphi ukudla okungcono ukusebenzisa?
Izimvo zezilwane zezinkukhu zendlela yokudla izinkukhu zihlukaniswe:
- Abanye bathi ukudla okungcono kakhulu kwezinkukhu ze-Bramah kuzoba yi-granulation ekhethekile yokuphakelayo, futhi kuphela kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbili zokudlulisela ekudleni okuzenzela.
- Abanye bathi ekuqaleni kungcono ukunikeza iqanda elibilisiwe elixubene nengqolowa noma ama-corn grits, futhi ngezinye izikhathi utshani obunamahlumela buzoxubaniswa nalo.
- Abalimi bezinkukhu ezintathu banethemba lokuthi ukudla okusemnandi kuzoba okusanhlamvu. Ngokwesilinganiso sezingxenye ezimbili kakolweni kanye nesithathu - ummbila. Ummbila uyathandeka ukuba ungabandakanyeki, ngoba uholela ekukhunjweni kwezinyoni.
Noma ngabe yiluphi uhlobo lokudla olukhethile, kufanele ukwengeza ngezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene, isibonelo: imbewu ye-sunflower, ukudla, ama-eggshell, njll.
Ukondla nokunakekela izinyoni ezindala kusho ukulandela imithetho engezansi.
Senza ukudla okunempilo yenkukhu Brama
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukugaya okusanhlamvu kuzo zombili izinkukhu kanye nabantu abadala, ngakho-ke kuyokwenziwa ngokushesha emzimbeni.
Kuwusizo ngalolu hlobo lwezinkukhu lufolda oluhlaza. Esikhathini esifudumele, i-Brama ye-hen iyathandeka ukuphuma ekudleni. Ebusika, yondla u-hay, futhi kuphakanyiswa ukuba wengeze i-fennel eyomile ne-nettle kuya kokuphakelayo.
Kunikezwe izinyoni zigcinwa epeni, kubalulekile ukuqapha ukudla okunokulinganisela kakhulu. Ungangezela i-biolit ngokulingana ngekhilogremu yesipuni esisodwa se-feed.
Uma ugcina inkukhu Brahma kunezinto okufanele zilahlwe, isibonelo, kusuka kumazambane abilisiwe. Akaqediwe, kepha uqala ukuzulazula esiswini senyoni, ngenxa yalokho, intsha iqala ukugula.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukudla Hlanganisa njalo isihlabathi somfula, ama-eggshell aphukile, amagobolondo, amafutha wezinhlanzi, isikhokhi. Uma kunokwenzeka, kuyisifiso sokwengeza isidlo se-soya, iqukethe amaprotheni angama-50%.
Uma abaxhasi bebekwe phezu komhlaba emphakathini, futhi izitebhisi ezincane zilethwa kuzo ngezinyathelo ezimbili noma ezintathu, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi izinkukhu zenza umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca njalo nokuhlanzeka kokudla - zibalondoloze ekubambeni abahlinzeki ngamapayipi abo.
Okuqukethwe okuhlanzekile
Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuqapha ukuhlanzeka kwabaphuzi ukuze bangahlanganiswa ne-mucus nokuqhakaza okuhlaza. Uma izinyoni ziqukethe e-aviary - indondo ejwayelekile yokubhukuda kufanele ibe umlotha. Ngakho-ke, izinyoni zizoqeda ama-parasites.
Njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa udinga aphathe izinkukhu nge-birch tar. Ungakwenza lokhu ngale ndlela: uthele ingxenye yesithathu ku-canister emihlanu-litre nge-tar noma ngamafutha e-sunflower ahlanjulisiwe kahle kanye ne-dunk izinkukhu kule ngxube.
Ubukhulu beBrahma kufanele bube bukhethekile kunezinkukhu ezivamile. Beka i-perch akufanele ibe phezulu ngaphezu kwephansi, ubuningi bama-40-50 amasentimitha. Ububanzi be-perch kufanele bube ngamasentimitha angu-30. Kufanele zibekwe ezinhlangothini ezintathu.
Izakhiwo lapho lezi zinyoni zigcinwa kumele zivame ukuvuthwa, futhi phansi kufanele igcinwe eyomile futhi ihlanzekile. Ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kweqanda, qaphela ukukhanya okuhle kwenkukhu yenkukhu. Uma ugcina usuku olukhanyayo ngamahora angu-13-14, umphumela omuhle ngeke uthathe isikhathi eside.
