Ukuze ukhule amagilebhisi ahloniphekile esimweni sezulu saseYurophu esinezinga elibi kakhulu, awudingi ukuba ube yi-viticulture enkulu.
Lo msebenzi awunzima njengoba ungase ubonakale.
Yingakho kunzima ukukhula ezinhlobonhlobo ezifana "Zabava".
Uma unquma ukutshala lomvini othile, ke nje landela amathiphu angezansi.
Incazelo yamagilebhisi "Zabava"
Izinhlobonhlobo "Zabava" - amathebula etafuleni, aphethwe yiVV. Zagorulko ngenkathi ewela izinhlobo "uLaura" no "Kodryanka". Igama lesibili lezi ezihlukahlukene "uLaura Black".
Vula ngokusheshaizinsuku ezingu-100 - ezingu-110. Izihlahla zikhula kahle, zikhuphuka kahle. Ukuma kwezinhlobonhlobo zeqabunga "Ukuzijabulisa" kuthathele ukuhlukana okuhlukile "uLaura". Amaqoqo amakhulu, aphakathi kwabantu, ubukhulu bufinyelela ku-700 kuya kwangu-800 g, ukuma kwe-cylindric conical.
Amajikijolo akhulu kakhulu, enesisindo esingafika ku-10 g, ukuma kuyi-elliptical, oblong. Ubuningi bombala obomvu obomvu, obunqotshwa yi-wax, abuzwa ekusebenziseni. Inyama iyamanzi, i-crunches, i-sweet to the taste.
Kuhle kakhulu ukumelana nesithwathwa, I-Zabava iphikisana namazinga okushisa afike ku -23 ° C. Izinhlobonhlobo azithintekile yi-gray rot ne-oidium, kodwa ithinteka yisifo. Uthola izingubo ezinhle zokuhweba futhi ugcine ngokugcwele ukuhamba.
Izintandokazi:
- ukunambitheka okumnandi
- isivuno esikhulu
- ukumelana nokushisa okuhle
- hhayi ukulimazwa yi-gray mold kanye ne-oidium
- isethulo esihle
- ukubekezelela ukuhamba
Ukungalungi:
- okonakaliswe isikhutha
Mayelana nezici zokutshala izinhlobo
Izihlahla ezinhlobonhlobo "Zabava" zihluma kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isakhiwo saso kanye nesilinganiso sokuzala, kodwa kungcono ukukhula emhlabathini omnyama. Ngenxa yokuphikiswa okuphezulu emaqabunga ama-frost ukulungele ukuhlala endaweni yombili entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Uma utshala, kubalulekile ukubala ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla ezizayo ukuze lingekho ngaphansi kuka-2.5m. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isihlahla esinamandla ngeke sivumele ukubuthakathaka ukuba kuthuthuke.
Lapho uthenga izithelo zomvini kudingeka ukhokhe ngokukhethekile izimpande. Kumele kube kunene, okunwebekayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, okungahle kudingeke. Uma uhlelo lwempande lwesithombo luphelelwa amanzi, akukho lutho olululondolozayo.
Ihlumela elihlaza kufanele futhi libe namandla, ngaphandle kokulimala okubangelwa ukugula noma umuntu. Ubude bokukhula konyaka owodwa akumele kube ngaphansi kuka-15 cm.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zidinga ukunciphisa kancane ubude buka-10 kuya kwezingu-15 cm, futhi nokunciphise ukudubula, kushiya ama-4 ama-peepholes. Kuyaqinisekile hlola umbala wezimpande ku-cut. Uma zimhlophe, zonke zihamba kahle, futhi uma zibomvu, khona-ke isithombo singasuswa.
Izithuthukisi zokukhula ezifana neHeteroauxin, Appin, Cornevin ngeke ziphazamise izimpande. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye udinga ukumba umgodi we-0.8x0.8x0.8 m. Ingqimba ephakeme yomhlaba kusukela emgodini kufanele ihlukaniswe phansi bese ixubene nama-humus.
Okulandelayo, inhlanganisela elandelayo kufanele ithulwe emgodini, kufanele kubekwe ungqimba lwama-40 cm. Kudingekile ukugcwalisa isiteji ukuze uhlale u-10 cm wembobo. Kakade ngemuva kokutshala, isithombo kumele siphuze ngamanzi amabili kuya ku-3. Ngemuva kokuthi wonke umswakama ubanjwe, inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe ukuze uthole ukufinyelela okungcono kwe-oksijini ezimpandeni.
Ekupheleni inhlabathi ihlanganiswe.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda imithetho yokunakekelwa okuzenzekelayo ngamagilebhisi.
Amathiphu ekunakekeleni ezihlukahlukene "Zabava"
- Ukunisela
Izinhlobo ezivuthiwe "Zabava", njengesitshalo esinamandla, badinga amanzi amaningi for yentuthuko evamile kanye fruiting. Ngakho-ke, kuyo yonke inkathi ekhulayo, izihlahla ezindala zidinga ukuphuziswa izikhathi ezingu-4-5 ngekhefu lamasonto amabili kanye nokubala kuka 3-4 amabhakede amanzi ngalunye i-sq.m.
Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwe-subzero lingasabonakali, khipha amagilebhisi okokuqala. Khona-ke, ngaphambi kokuzimbali futhi ngemuva kokucwilisa 2 ukuchelela okwengeziwe kwenziwa.
Lapho amaqoqo esevele esakhiwe, futhi amajikijolo ububanzi afinyelela ku-5-6 mm, isikhathi sokuza amanzi esilandelayo safika.
Ngaphambi kokumboza amahlumela ebusika, kufanele uyenze amanzi avuselela ukuchelelaokuzohlinzeka izimpande ngamanzi ebusika bonke. Umthamo wokunisela wokugcina kufanele ukwandiswe ku-6 amabhakede amanzi ngalunye i-sq.m.
- Ukuxhuma
Ukuze izihlahla zomvini ezomile zingabheki ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi, inhlabathi ezungeze isithombo kumele ihlanganiswe ngendwangu. Kubuye kudingeke futhi kube lula ukulondolozwa kokushisa emhlabathinifuthi kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokhula.
Njengento edingekayo ungasebenzisa utshani, u-sawdust, utshani obunamanzi, kanye nezinto zokufakelwa - iphepha, amakhadibhodi. Ubukhulu bendwangu yesikhwama semifino kufanele bufinyelele ku-5 cm, ukuze le nqubo iqondwe.
- Ukuhweba
Izinhlobonhlobo "Zabava" zinqabile kakhulu, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuba zivikele izithombo ebusika esimweni esishisayo. Kodwa endaweni eguquguqukayo sezulu, lapho ubusika bukhulu kakhulu, kuvele kudingekile ukuvikela amagilebhisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isihlahla ngasinye somvini kufanele siboshwe ngezindwangu eziningana, sibeke phansi bese sivikeleke phezulu.
Kunconywa ukubeka izinto ngaphansi komvini, isibonelo, i-plywood encane, i-polyethylene, ungqimba omkhulu wephepha elikhuni ukuze amahlumela angathinti umhlaba ngokwawo, ngaphandle kwalokho inqubo yokubola izoqala.
Khona-ke phezu kwezihlahla ezibekwayo wabeka inombolo edingekayo yama-arcs ensimbi okudingeka aqhubekele emhlabathini. Kulezi arcs udinga ukwelula ifilimu yepulasitiki, eyovikela izihlahla emiphumeleni eyingozi yeqhwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, le ifilimu idinga ukulungiswa, isibonelo, ngomhlaba noma izitini, futhi ukuphela kufanele kushiywe kuvulekile ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa. Kodwa isikhathi sokuqeda imiphetho futhi sidinga ukuvula.
- Ukudubula
Ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu ngokwanele samaqoqo, umvini ungadliwa ngokweqile, okuzoholela emiphumeleni eyingozi. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukujwayelekile ukulayisha umthwalo emahlathini.
Kungcono nakakhulu usike amahlumela abuthakathakaokuzovimbela kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amakhulu. Amagatsha aqunyiwe adinga ezingeni lama-6 kuya kwangu-8. Ngakho umthwalo osehlathini ngeke ube ngaphezu kwezimbobo ezingu-45.
Amagatsha okuthela izihlahla angcono entwasahlobo lapho izihlahla zingakafiki esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa kwemifino esebenzayo. Ngokuqondene nokusika izihlahla, inhlumela yonyaka owodwa kufanele ifushane minyaka yonke, ishiya amehlo amaningi. Yiziphi amagatsha ohlangothini oluthile, kumele abe okungenani ama-4x, ngoba yibo abazothela izithelo.
- Umanyolo
Njengoba wazi, ngokusetshenziswa okusebenza kwenhlabathi, sekuphelile. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwenza njalo umquba womanyolo owenziwe ngamaminerali kanye nezamaminerali, ukuze izithelo ezithwala izitshalo zinike isivuno esivamile.
Uma ukhula amagilebhisi ensimini yakho, futhi ikakhulukazi, ezihlukahlukene "Zabava", khona-ke kudingeka udle umhlabathi njalo.
Amaminerali amaminerali adinga ukwenziwa minyaka yonke, futhi i-organic - once in 2 - 3 years. I-fertilizer engcono kakhulu i-humus, peat, umquba, umquba wenkukhu.
Ngokuqondene namanyolo wamaminerali, Amagilebhisi adinga i-nitrogen, i-potassium, i-phosphorus ne-zinc.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho sekuyisikhathi sokukhulula izihlahla ezivela ekuvikelweni, isisombululo se-superphosphate, i-ammonium nitrate ne-potash usawoti kufanele sisetshenziswe enhlabathini (20 g we-superphosphate, i-10 g ye-ammonium nitrate kanye no-5 g we-usawoti we-potassium isetshenziselwa amalitha ayishumi amanzi).
Ngaphambi kokuba amagilebhisi aqale ukuqhakaza, kudingeka wenze ikhambi elifanayo. Ngaphambi kokuvuna i-nitrogen, eyandisa amandla okukhula, akudingekile ukufaka isandla.
Ngaphambi kokumboza amahlumela ebusika, i-potassium idinga ikakhulukazi amagilebhisi, okuzosiza amahlumela ebusika. Ukuze ukhule ngendlela efanele, udinga ukumba imifula eyisiyingi 40 cm ejulile ehlathini ngalinye. Lezi zitshalo kufanele zichaze umbuthano nge-radius ka-50 cm ezungeze isihlahla se-trunk.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ukugqoka kuhambisane nokuchelela. Ngakho umanyolo uzongena kahle emhlabathini.
- Ukuvikelwa
Ngeshwa, ezihlukahlukene "Zabava" zingakwazi zilimazwe kabi ngesikhutha, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uvikela izihlahla ezivela kulesi sifo.
Elinye igama lesi sifo yi-downy isikhutha. Kubonakala ngesikhutha ngamachashazi aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga futhi uyakwazi ukushaya ngisho namajikijolo. Ngakho-ke, ukulwa nalesi sifo kuyadingeka.
Njengendlela yokulawula oyidingayo susa amagatsha aphukile futhi awonakele, izivini akufanele zithinte umhlabathi, kanti izihlahla kufanele ziphathwe izixazululo ezimbili zeBrandeaux liquid: lapho amahlumela efinyelela ku-15 cm ubude, amahlumela kumele aphathwe ngesisombululo se-0.75%, nesisombululo se-1%, amahlumela kumele acutshungulwe ngaphambi kokuchichima, emva kokuchichima ngaphambi kokuba amajikijolo avuthwe.
Futhi empini yokulwa nomkhuhlane kuyoba yi-fungicides esebenzayo. Uma ngabe uthuli oluthuli luqala ukuvela emaqabunga, amagilebhisi ahlaselwa i-oidium. Isibabule sama-colloidal (1.5%), kanye nama-fungicides, sizosiza oidium.
