Namuhla, kuye kwadalwa inqwaba yezihlahla ze-apula, ezingakwazi ukugxila ngokuphelele futhi zithele izithelo ngisho nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Ngakho-ke, namuhla ukugxila kwethu kuzogxila ezinhlobonhlobo ezifanele ukutshala ezindaweni ezingezansi zezulu.
Sizophinde sihlaziye izici zokunakekelwa nokutshala izinhlobo ezicacisiwe.
Izinhlobo ezidumile kunazo zonke zezihlahla ze-apula zokutshala kulezi zindawo
Indawo yesimo sezulu yase-Ural, ngisho nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlotshwe ngokukhethekile, kungenzeka ukuthi ayikuhle kakhulu ekukhuleni ama-apula.
Izimo zezulu ezishintshayo ngesikhathi esisemqoka kunazo zonke, njengezimbali, zingalimaza isihlahla ngeqhwa, zikushiye ngaphandle kwesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, uma uzohlwanyela insimu, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe izinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlahla ze-apula, ucabange ngaleyo ndlela njenge-vegetative term, isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo nokumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi. Kulokhu nezinye izici zezinhlobo ze-Ural bheka ngezansi.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-apula "isiPheresiya"
Umphumela wokukhethwa kwezihlahla ze-apula "Peach" kanye ne "Kungursky Pineapple", lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinemfanelo eningi kakhulu njengeziqhamo ezinkulu zezithelo nokumelana nesithwathwa. Ngaphandle kwesifunda sase-Ural, ukusatshalaliswa kwayo "isi-Persian" nase-Urals. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Autumn.
Usayizi wezithelo uyabanqikaza medium kuya enkulu. Isilinganiso esiphezulu sesisindo sesithelo "isiPheresiya" ifinyelela amagremu angu-180. Ukuma kwama-apula kunamapulangwe noma okubanzi. Isikhumba cishe yonke indawo yesithelo sibushelelezi, noma kunjalo, ukugqwala kungabonakala eduze kwesiqu.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe kulula ukuhlukanisa ngombala: uma zingena ekuvuthweni okukhishwayo, zihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngemva kwesonto ukuthi umbala wazo oyinhloko uba ukhilimu. I-"blush" yama-apula inomthunzi we-carmine futhi ifakwe cishe kuwo wonke ubuso wesithelo ngendlela yemivimbo.
I-Cream i-pulp ngesakhiwo kuhlelwe kahle ngejusi amaningi. Ukunambitheka okumnandi nomuncu efanelekayo abathandi "ama-apula" anzima. I-pulp iqukethe inani elikhulu kakhulu le-ascorbic acid, eliphakathi kuka-20 kuya ku-37.4 mg ngamagremu angu-100 we-apula.
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyinto ejwayelekile. Umqhele awukhuni, kanti iminyaka yobudala i-oval iphenduka ibe yinkimbinkimbi. Amagatsha amancane, nakuba bambalwa. Kulezi zinhlobonhlobo, izibhamu zithela, nakuba ezinye zezithelo nazo zakha onyakeni owodwa.
Izinzuzo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zaso izithelo ezinkulu nge ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele. Ukunikezwa kwezimpahla kanye nokufaneleka kokuthutha nakho kunikeza inzuzo. Kugcinwe ama-apula angakwazi cishe izinyanga ezingu-6.
Uma sesivuthiwe ungazitheli wedwa kusuka esihlahleni, kuphela ngemva kwesonto kungawela umoya oqinile. Izinhlobonhlobo ngokwanele ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi. Isikali sithinteka, kodwa kaningi kunamanye izinhlobo ezibhekene nalesi sifo.
Isikhumba sithintekile, kodwa kaningi kunezinye izinhlobo ezibhekene nalesi sifo. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza - kuphela ngesikhathi somuthi weminyaka engu-6-7.
"I-Hoof yesiliva" - izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zasehlobo ze-apula izihlahla ze-Urals
Lokhu izihlobo zasehlobo inezigaba eziningi zokukhula, ngakho-ke, aziwa kuphela kwi-Urals. Yatholakala ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo ezinjalo njenge "Snowflake" kanye "Rainbow".
Izithelo ze-Silverhoof Apple ezihlukahlukene: incazelo
Izithelo akuzona ezinkuluokwenziwa ngobuningi cishe amagremu angu-85. Unomumo ojikeleza njalo, ngaphezu kwalokho okuyisikhwama esiphelele kahle, esembozwe ngombala wokukhanya we-wax. Umbala omuncu omuncu wezithelo uhlanganiswa i-topcoat ebomvu-ebomvu ebonakalayo, ebonakala ngokuphawulekayo.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-pulp Izinhlobo ze-apula zesiliva ze-Hoof ziyizinhlobo eziningi dense futhi kahle-grained ngesakhiwo salo, ukunambitheka, lezi zihlukahlukene kuhle kakhulu. I juiciness kanye ukunambitheka okumuncu, okuhambisana nephunga elimnandi kakhulu, yenza lezi apula izintandokazi eziningi gourmets.
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyinto ejwayelekileingafana nezinhlobo ezincane. I-Crohn ayinamandla kakhulu, kodwa inokwanele inqwaba yamagatsha. Amagatsha asuka esihlahleni esivela ngakwesokudla, okunikeza umqhele womqhele. UColchka nomkhonto yibo abathintekayo. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye yesithelo yenziwa ngokunyakaza komnyaka owodwa.
Inzuzo enkulu yalezi ezihlukahlukene, uma kuqhathaniswa neyaphambilini, yile isivinini sefruitingokuyinto efika eminyakeni 3-4. Isethulo esihle sesithelo singatholakala ngonyaka wesibili emva kokuvuna kokuqala.
Izithelo ezinhle kanye nokuvuthwa okuvamile kwe-Silver Hoof, kanye nezinkathi zokuvuthwa zakuqala, kwenza kube yizici ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ze-Ural zokusetshenziswa okusha, ukuphathwa kokudla nokucubungula ubuchwepheshe. Ukuphikisana namazinga okushisa aphansi nezifo kuphakeme.
Ngokunakekelwa kahle nokunciphisa inhlabathi, ubukhulu besithelo bungancishiswa kakhulu. Futhi, umswakama ophezulu womoya nenhlabathi isikhathi eside kwenza umuthi ungengozini yokukhanda. Futhi izithelo zingathinta inundu, emva kwalokho baqala ukubola.
Apple ezihlukahlukene "Ural Bulk"
Okunye okunye ehlukahlukene ekwindla ama-apula we-Urals. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuzala, abazali bazo "Ranetka Red" no "Papirovka". Ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobonhlobo kubanzi kakhulu, kuhlanganise ngisho nesifunda saseMpumalanga Ekude neRiphabhuliki yaseKazakhstan.
Izithelo zalezi zihlukahlukene ziyindilinga. Ubuso obushelelekile obukhulu futhi obuseduze besikhumba. Okuyinhloko umbala Ama-apula avuthiwe - ophuzi nge-tint encane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lapho kubheka khona njenge-lemons. Umbala we-Pulp yalolu hlobo mhlophe. I-juiciness ephezulu Isithelo senziwa ukunambitheka okumnandi okumuncu.
Inani le-ascorbic acid ku-100 amagremu we-apula lingu-8.8 mg.
Isihlahla se-Apple "Ural okuningi": incazelo
Isihlahla srednerosly. Umqhele we-round-drooping unabantu abanamandla kakhulu. Umbala oyinhloko wesikhwama somuthi u-grey nge-tinge eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izithelo nezihlahla "izitho ezithelo" zomuthi.
Izithelo zakhiwa nezindleko ezakhiwe ngonyaka odlule. Uhlukana nomuthi okwehlukanisiwe umbala obala obala.
Ngokusho balimi nabalimi, inzuzo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo yiyo izinga eliphezulu lokuvumelana nezimo zemvelo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, ezihlukahlukene "Ural Bulk" yi-skoroplodny - iveza isivuno esivele sineminyaka engu-2-3.
Kukhiqiza kakhulu, ngoba ngokwesilinganiso cishe ama-apelenti angu-200 ase-apula ayavunwa kusuka ku-hektha elilodwa lemithi yezithelo kulezi ezihlukahlukene. Isihlahla sesithelo ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi ebusika futhi kubuyiselwa kalula ngemuva kokulimala kanye namagatsha okusika.
Izithelo zigcinwa izinyanga ezimbili. Isetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kokubili efomu elisha, nokwenza ama-compotes kanye ne-jam.
Ukungalungi okuyinhloko kwalokhu kuhlukahluka izinhlamvu ezincane zezithelo, ngenxa yokuthi abanaso isethulo esiphakeme. Isikali sabonakala, kodwa kuphela phakathi neminyaka ye-epiphytotic.
Izinhlobonhlobo zama-apula "ama-Uralets"
Ukuqala kweBanga le-Autumn kufanelekile ukuklanywa kulo lonke elaseNussia. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe ososayensi eSiteshini Sokuhlola Esingaba Sverdlovsk ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibandayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwase kusetshenziswe iChina Voskovaya, eyayiyimpova ngokusizwa impova evela ezinhlobonhlobo ezifana ne-Anis Rose-striped ne-Ukrainka Saratovskaya.
Izithelo ze-apula "Uralets"
Izithelo ezincane kakhuluNgokwesilinganiso, sonke sakha cishe ama-50-55 amagremu. Umumo ojikelezayo womqondoi-patched up Ubuso besikhumba sesithelo lubushelelezi kepha luyomile. Naphezu kokuthi umbala omkhulu wezithelo ukhilimu, iningi lazo limbozwe nge-carmine "ephukile", etholakala ngesimiso.
I-pulp elula ekhanda yezithelo zase-Ural inomsoco kakhulu. Ukudla ehlukile kakhulu - okubabayo futhi okumnandi. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ascorbic acid ku-pulp yezithelo ezivuthiwe ngu-21.5 mg / 100 amagremu.
Isihlahla se-Apple: incazelo
Umuthi okhulayo oqinile unomqhele we-pyramidal, amagatsha awo ehlangothini olungakwesokunene aphuma esitokisini. Ngokunqwabelana kokuvuna, amagatsha ahluma ngendlela ethile, enikeza umuthi ukuzungeza. Nokho umqhele unamandla kakhulu, akaphuli ngaphandle kosizo. Uhlobo lwe-fruiting spurovy. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi umuthi "Ural" uhlala isikhathi eside.
Phezulu isihlahla seqhwa ukumelana futhi izifo zilulaza kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi ephezulu yokunambitheka yezithelo, esetshenziselwa cishe zonke izinhlobo zokucubungula ubuchwepheshe, idonsa abalimi ezihlukahlukene. Izithelo ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni kuka-September kungagcinwa kuze ku-November.
Ukuvusa ekuqaleni kuka-September izithelo zingagcinwa inani inyanga eyodwa nengxenye, okungukuthi, kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Ukungalungi ubukhulu obuncane bezithelo kanye nokuzinza kwe "Ural".
Apple ezihlukahlukene "Snowdrop" - ezihlukahlukene ebusika for the Urals
Zoned in the Urals naseNtshonalanga Siberia, lokhu ezihlukahlukene kungokwezikhathi zasebusika futhi wathola ngokuhlakanipha. Ngokuyinhloko, i-Snowdrop iyinzalo ekhulile kusuka ekuvundeni kwemvelo ngendlela engafani yezinhlobo zokuluma kweVivdetskaya.
Isilinganiso sesayizi wezithelo. Zizungezile, ziyizici zokubamba. Ikhasi lesithelo libushelelezi futhi likhazimule, kodwa limile kumthinta. Umbala wesithelo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa kukhona "umbala" obomvu obala obomvu.
Pulp ezithelo ezivuthiwe unemibala emhlophe. Ngokwakheko, likhulu futhi lihlelwe kahle. Iqukethe isamba esikhulu semanti. Ikhwalithi yekhwalithi emakwe ochwepheshe njengabahle kakhulu, okuchazwe njengamnandi futhi omuncu.
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali wesithelo kuqukethe cishe u-18.8 mg we-ascorbic acid ngamagremu ayi-100 we-apula.
Lesi sihlahla sinokwemvelo ngokuvumelana nezimo ezimbi ze-Urals neNyakatho, ngoba zihlukahlukene. Emithonjeni yembewu, isihlahla sesithelo sikhula sibe ngamamitha amabili ukuphakama.
Uma uhlanganiswa esitokisini se-clone, sikhula kuphela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Umqhele wesihlahla esivamile. Izithelo zakhiwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezithelo zezinkuni "Snowdrop".
Ubuhle bezinhlobonhlobo yiyo ubukhulu obukhulu bemvelo futhi ukuvumelanisa kahle izimo ezimbi. Izitshalo, ngisho naphezu kwezinhlamvu ezincane zezithelo, zenza cishe ama-kilogram angu-80 emthini owodwa.
Ukunambitheka nokubukeka kwenza i-apple "i-Snowdrop" efanele ukudayiswa. Ukuphila kweShelf kungaba cishe izinyanga ezingu-4. Ezihlukahlukene zokushisa ezibandayo cishe engathinteki ngesikhumba.
Bonsai kakhulu kunzima ukubekezelela isomiso eside futhi umoya omile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okukhulu, izinga lezithelo liyancipha kakhulu.
Izihlahla ze-Apple ze-Urals - konke ngokushiya
Ukusika izihlahla ze-apula
Ukwakhiwa komqhele akubalulekile kuphela kulo muthi uqobo, kodwa nakuwe, ngoba ukuma okulula kuzokwenza inqubo yokukhipha izithelo. Ngakho-ke, kakade unyaka wokuqala wokukhula kufanele ukhethwe ekutshaleni ngamagatsha ambalwa abaluleke kakhulu futhi usike lezo ezizophazamisa ukukhula kwazo.
Entwasahlobo, cishe wonke amagatsha kufanele athenwe ukuze akhuthaze ukukhula kwawo futhi akhuthaze isivuno esikhulu.
Izici zomanyolo
Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala lesi sihlahla asidingi ukudla okunengi. Kodwa-ke, kakade esikhathini sokungena ekukhuleni ngonyaka wesibili ngemuva kokufika Inani elikhulu le-nitrogen, i-phosphate kanye ne-potashi umquba kufanele lengezwe enhlabathini.
Izitshalo zisebenziseka kakhulu ngokunisela, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukufinyelela kwabo okusheshayo kunezimpande zomuthi.
Ingabe kufanele nginise imithi?
Ukuchelela okuningi kwezihlahla ze-apula kudinga ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala. Emva kwalokho kufanelekile ukuphuzisa umuthi kuphela ezikhathini ezinomile kakhulu zonyaka. Amanzi awageli ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwesiqu, kodwa agibela emgodini omncane ugubhe nxazonke.
Ukukhathazeka okuncane ebusika
Ebusweni obunzima base-Ural, izihlahla zama-apula zidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Phela, ngisho nezinhlobo eziningi ezinamagqabhagqabha zingonakaliswa uma umhlaba ubanda kakhulu.
Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, isiyingi esiseduzane sigcwele ibhola elimnyama le-peat kanye ne-humus, okungaba ngamasentimitha angu-7-10 ukuphakama. Kusuka phezulu kwalolu ungqimba kungafafazwa ngamaqabunga neqhwa.
Kunconywe ukuvikeleka kumagundane ubophe isihlahla se-fir. Ungasetha izicupho, kodwa azihlangabezane nazo zonke izinambuzane.
Izihlahla ezincane kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela imimoya yasebusika, ngakho kufanele tie ku-cola, ehlanganisiwe enhlabathini eduze kwembewu. Ungakwazi ukubopha igatsha ngalinye ngokwehlukana.
Sitshala izinhlobo ze-Ural zezihlahla ze-apula
Yisiphi isikhathi sokukhetha ukutshala?
Kokubili ekwindla nasentwasahlobo kuzofaneleka ukutshala izihlahla ze-apral. Kubalulekile ukucabangela lokho Ukufika ekwindla kufanele kwenzeke ngaphambi kweqhwa, ukuze kuvimbele ukukhula ngaphambi kokukhula kwezithombo nokulimala ekushiseni okuphansi.
Ngentwasahlobo, isikhathi esihle sokutshala yisikhathi sezinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqedwa kokugcina kwezinhlanzi neqhwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokushisa kwangempela, lesi sihlahla sihamba kancane kancane bese siqala ukukhula.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula azikwenzeki ikakhulukazi emhlabathini, kodwa kusadingeka ukuthi zicabangele izincomo eziningana zabalimi. Kunconywa ukukhetha inhlabathi evundile. Kakhulu kakhulu inhlabathi enamandla ayifisekikodwa zingacinywa nge-lime. Ukuze kukhule umuthi omncane, inhlabathi kufanele igcwale i-nitrogen.
Ungakhohlwa lokho Izihlahla ze-Apple ziyesaba kakhulu amanzi angaphansi komhlabangoba zingabangela izimpande ezibola. Ngakho-ke, uma engadini yakho beza eduze, bamba imbobo noma umgodi, ngaleyo ndlela benza amanzi okufaka umhlabathi.
Manje mayelana nokufika
Ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile, isithombo kufanele sihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze sibone ukuthi silimale. Uma zikhona, kufanele ziqedwe futhi cwilisa uhlelo lwempande ngesahlukaniso sobumba. Ngemuva kwalokho, isithombo sitshalwe emgodini ogubiwe kusengaphambili, lapho ingxube yomhlabathi kanye nomanyolo kufanele ugcwaliswe phansi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izihlahla ezide nezimbewu ezinezimpande ezinkulu umgodi kufanele ube namasentimitha angama-90 ububanzi. Ngezinhlobo ezincane, umgodi ungaba ojulile njengamamitha angu-40, ngoba izimpande zawo ziseduze nomhlabathi.
Uma uhlwanyela i-apula, shiya indawo lapho i-trunk ishukumisela khona izimpande ngaphezu komhlaba, ukuze kuthi lapho ixazulula, le ndawo ayijule kakhulu emhlabathini. Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile kuma rootstocks amancane kuya isayithi lokuhlanganiswa alizange lithinte inhlabathi, njenge-seedet varietal ingaqala ngokukhula okuzimele futhi ibe ngumuthi omude. Ngemuva kokutshala, sidonsa phansi futhi sithule ngokucophelela amabhakede amabili amanzi.
