Abalimi bembali baseYurophu iPandanus ibizwa ngokuthi "isundu sesigqabha", esitholile ngenxa yamacembe amancane amancane akhula ngokuvunguza. Kodwa izakhamuzi zasePacific Islands, lokhu kuyisitshalo esivamile kakhulu esinezimbali ezinhle ezinhle nezithelo ezinhle. Kungenakwenzeka ukufeza izimbali kanye nokuhluma kwezimo zasendlini, ngakho-ke kuhlala ukuhlonipha isikhwama esiqhakazile esiqhakazile samahlamvu aminyene: futhi uma ukhathalela ngokwengeziwe imbali, kuyoba nenhle ngokwengeziwe. Ake sihlole ukuthi iziphi izimo ezidinga ukudala i-pandanus nokuthi ngabe kungenzeka yini ukuyigcina ekhaya.
Ukubukwa kwekamelo elivamile
Endle, izimpande, ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo, zingathuthuka ngendlela yezihlahla noma isihlahla. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, lezi zitshalo ezide kakhulu, ngokuvamile zifinyelela kumamitha angu-15 ubude, nezimpande eziningi ezingaphansi komhlaba ezikhonza njengamasekela ezansi. Ezimweni zendlu yokuhlala, ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezihle kakhulu nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile, i-giant enjalo ayikwazi ukuphakanyiswa. Ukuphakama kwembali ephezulu kunokwenzeka ezingeni lamamitha amabili.
Uyazi? Izimbali ezingavamile zezimbali ze-pandanus, ezifana namacici azimele, zisasetshenziswa ubuhle bamaNdiya njengemihlobiso. Amantombazane angashadile awakhipha emasongweni, ekholelwa emandleni omlingo oshukumisayo we-inflorescences elimnandi. Ngokusho ngezinkolelo zasendulo, basiza ukushada ngempumelelo.Ama-pandanus ase-Pot aphinde ahlukaniswe nobukhulu bawo bonke; ngakho-ke, bavame ukutshala amakamelo amakhulu ngamapulangwe aphezulu. Endaweni ye-botany kunezinhlobo ezingu-600 zalesi siko esiyingqayizivele. Okukuthi ukulima ekhaya ukulingana okubili kuphela: "Weichi" no "Sanderi". Bobabili bahlukaniswa ukuhlanganiswa komqhele wesigqaba futhi kulula ukunakekelwa.
Isihlahla somuthi we-Veiči pandanus sibonakala ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okwedlulele (kufika ku-1 m ubude kuze kube ngu-8 cm ububanzi). Emaphethelweni abo naphakathi kohlangothi lwangaphakathi kunezinsiza ezincane ezitholakalayo. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo zezilwane. Zineziqabunga ezikhanyayo ezibonakalayo eziphuzi noma ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Ukuphakama komuthi ovuthiwe kufinyelela kumamitha owodwa nengxenye.
Funda futhi ngokutshalwa kwamanye amasundu: usuku, Hamedorei, Hovei Belmor, Yucca, draceni.
I-pandanus efana nesihlahla "Sanderi" ibhekwa njengendala nenkulu, ekhonjiswa ngesiqu esifushane kanye namaqabunga aluhlaza kuze kufike ku-80 cm ububanzi kuze kube ngu-5 cm ububanzi. Ekamelweni, lesi sundu sesibindi sakhula sibe ngu-2 m. Sinezinhlobonhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa ezinemibala emihle yokukhanya.
Uyazi? UPandanus uhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-30, kodwa ukhula kancane kancane. Izitshalo ezineminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu kuphela zithola ubungakanani obukhulu.
Izimo ezinhle zokukhula
Insika yesigcawu ayinxusa. Akadingi ukunakwa ngaphezu kwezinye izitshalo. Ake sihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe izimo lapho iplananus izokhululeka khona.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Wafakazela ukuthi le pandane unamandla amakhulu kakhuluYenza abantu bathukuthele ekamelweni. Kuphawulwe ukuthi amandla e-caustic of the flower anesandla ekwakheni wit. Ngakho-ke, akuyona into engathandeki ukuyibeka ezindlini zokulala kanye nezindlu zomphakathi wegazi, kodwa eklasini, emahhovisi, emakamelweni okusebenza kanye nasezindaweni zokuhlala zabantu ababuthakathaka-abafuna ukubuthakathaka-buthaka kakhulu kuyoba usizo kakhulu.
Ngoba ayivumeli i-dormancy, iqinisa umsebenzi wobuchopho, isebenza ukusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi bathi insika yesigcawu iyisivikelo sendlu, siyivikela emandleni angabalulekile abanye.
Isikrini sesundu uthanda ukukhanya kakhulukodwa hhayi ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nokushisa, kodwa kunomoya omnene, ohlakazekile. Futhi ukukhanyisa kufanele kube nokuchichima unyaka wonke. E-offseason, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ngokuqondile kuyingozi, ngakho-ke akulimazi ngokuphelele, kodwa ehlobo kungashisa amaqabunga. Ekushiseni kwefasitela kuphakanyiswa ukuba i-pritenyat isebenzise izimpumputhe noma isetshenziswe. Ebusika, lapho ukukhanya kwemvelo kuphansi, kubalulekile ukuxhuma izibani ze-fluorescent amahora angu-6-8.
Kubalulekile! Kusukela ekuboneni kwesayensi, i-pandanus ayinabungozi ngokuphelele: ayiphumeli ubuthi, amahlamvu ayibangeli ukubangelwa kwemvelo futhi ayifaki ukwesaba kubantu. I-Botanists iqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, sihlanza umoya we-microflora we-pathogenic ngenxa yamafutha abalulekile atholakala ekubunjweni kwawo.
Ukushisa
Njengawo wonke amasundu, ama-pandanusi athande ukushisa. Ekhaya, ngesikhathi sehlobo, izinga lokushisa elikhulu lokulima imbali livela ku-20 kuya ku-25 ° C. Ekushiseni Uphawu oluvumelekile lwe-thermometer lungama-30 ° С, kodwa lokhu kakade umkhawulo wamandla wesitshalo esinomswakama. Ngakho-ke, embusweni wokushisa onjalo, kuyoba kufanelekile ukumanzi izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Ebusika, umuthi wesundu wesibindi uzokhula kahle ngo-18 ° С. Ukushisa kungase kwehlele ku-15 ° C, kodwa kubanda kunengozi enkulu kakhulu yokubhubhisa isiko.
Okukhethekile kokunakekelwa ekhaya
Uma unakekela ekhaya, i-Pandanus idinga ukudala umswakama osondelene nomoya nomhlabathi, nokunakekelwa kwezakhi ezitsheni, ukwakhiwa komqhele kanye nokuvimbela izifo zezitshalo. Ake sibuke zonke lezi zinhlayiya ngokulandelana.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Amaqabunga ama-hard-to-touch amaqabunga angabi namanzi isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ukupompa njalo akudingi. Uhlelo lwempande lembali lukwazi futhi ukusinda nesomiso esifushane. Kodwa ukuhlukumeza lezi zimfanelo zesundu se-helical akufanelekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungcono ukuthi umnakekele, ngokushesha uzokhula.
Kubalulekile! Ukususa amaqabunga ama-pandan akunconywa. Amanzi aphihliwe, awela ezinkalweni ezinamagatsha, enza ukuba kuthuthukiswe izifo zefungal. I-air humidification yenziwa eduze nesitshalo.Ngokuphuza izinkinga eziningi ngeke kube khona. Esikhathini esishisayo esifanele, sekuwanele ukukhipha umquba womhlaba ebhodweni njalo kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3. Gxila esimweni sezingqimba ezingenhla ze-substrate bese uphuza amanzi njengoba kumile. Ungavumeli amanzi ukuba ahlaziye futhi angasebenzisi amanzi abandayo ukuze afudumele: akeke eme ngezinsuku ezimbalwa futhi afudumele ku-30 ° C.
Esikhathini esibandayo, inani lokunisela linciphile, eliletha izikhathi ezingu-1 izinsuku ezingu-14. Uma kungenjalo, i-pandanus ingagula kusuka kumswakama okweqile.
Umhlabathi nokufaka umquba
Ukuze ukulungiswa kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-pandanus izithako ezikhethekile ngeke kudingeke. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, ama-substrates athengwe yonke indawo noma izingxenye ezilinganayo zomhlabathi ohlaza, umhlabathi we-river and humus zifanelekile.
Ncoma inhlabathi ebhodweni ngama-helical palm ochwepheshe batusa njalo amasonto amabilikusukela ngo-Ephreli futhi kuphele ngo-Agasti. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kulawa amaminerali amaminerali ahlanganisiwe, angcwatshwa enhlabathini enomanzi.
Uyazi? Iziqhingi zasePacific zisebenzisa amahlamvu amancane ama-pandan ekudleni.
Imithetho yokuguqula
Hlanganisa amahlombe kuze kube seminyaka eyishumi badinga ukufakelwa njalo ngonyaka. Futhi izitshalo ezinkulu ezinezimpande ezandisiwe kakhulu zidinga le nqubo kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Endleleni yokufakelwa kabusha, kubalulekile ukuthi usebenze ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izandla ngezitshalo ezinamagqabeni, ngoba angeke nje azibambe, kodwa futhi usike isikhumba.
Ukufakelwa kabusha kwembali kwenziwa entwasahlobo enomthamo omkhulu wamasentimitha amaningana. Isisekelo saso sigcwele ungqimba lwamanzi kanye ne-substrate. Kusukela phezulu baqhubekela ebhodweni langaphambilini ibhola lobumba bese belifaka elisha. Qaphela ukuba ungalimazi ama-rhizomes, ngoba ayabuthakathaka kakhulu. Khona-ke ibhodlela ligcwaliswe phezulu phezulu nomhlaba, lixubane nalo, libhebhelisise ngokulinganayo, futhi liphuze isitshalo.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Izindlela zokulima ezingalungile zivame ukuthinta isimo sangaphandle somuthi wesundu. Ngakho-ke, isenzo esifanele ngesikhathi kanye nokuvimbela amaphutha avamile kungasindisa isandla sakho ezinkingeni ezivamile.
Kubalulekile! Amaqabunga angama-palm amancane aphansi ayingxenye yemvelo yokuthuthukiswa kwawo. Kodwa uma kukukhathaza ngobuningi bawo, engeza izakhi emhlabathini bese ufaka isitshalo entwasahlobo.Ngokuvamile abalimi abangenalwazi, besaba umonakalo emaqabunga amaqabunga e-pandanus, musa ukuhambisa umoya ekamelweni. Ngenxa yalokho, amahlamvu emaphethelweni aqala ukuma futhi alahlekelwe umphumela wabo wokuhlobisa.
Isithombe esifanayo singabonwa ngisho nalapho lesi sitshalo sehlele phansi. Ungagcina isimo ngokusitshala amanzi eduze nesitshalo ngebhodi le-spray. Abesifazana abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba bafake ibhodlela emgodini ngamanki amanzi noma ama-moss e-forest njengendlela yokuvimbela, futhi abuye avule amafasitela kanye neminyango yokuvulwa eduze kwembali.
Le nuance ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ukungabi nomswakama kuyingozi kakhulu kumaphanini njengokwedlulele. With ukuqhuma kwamanzi ebhodweni izimo ezihle ukuthuthukiswa izimpande bola. Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwalenkinga kunganisela kuphela. Ezimweni lapho lesi sifo sesivele sithuthuka, ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo kuyodingeka ngokususwa kwazo zonke izingxenye ezonakele zempande.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukusika izimpande zendiza ze-pandanus - zinikeza isitshalo ngomswakama futhi zisekelwa ngokwengeziwe kwekhanda elenziwe ngesundu.
UPandanus, owayehlala ensimini ehlobo, angamangala ngesihlangu. Ungakwazi ukuphawula ama-parasites engaphansi kweqabunga eduze kwe-vein central. Uma kunezinambuzane ezimbalwa, zama ukuqoqa ngesandla. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka ukuhlunga izinambuzane (Aktara, Bi-58, Confidor).
Funda ngezici zokukhiqiza ze-violets, i-streptocarpus, i-orchids, i-zamiokulkas, i-dieffenbachia, i-cactus, abapheki, ama-laurels.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-Pandanus inezindlela eziningana zokuzalanisa ekhaya. Ikakhulukazi ethandwa ngabaflorisi yi-division of the bush and cuttings, kuyilapho ochwepheshe bezama imbewu.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyindlela elula yokuthola ihlumela elisha. Yenziwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kweziqu ezinkulu futhi ihlanganisa ukusika izingqimba ezincane ezivela esiqwini esikhulu. Ukutshala kuthatha amahlumela aphilile kuphela anemipande enamandla. Ukuze kutholakale ukhula lwenhlabathi, baqala ukufakwa esitsheni ngamanzi, futhi ngemva kokwandisa uhlelo lwempande, batshalwe endaweni elungiselelwe.
Cuttings
Ekhaya, indlela encane eyenziwe yokusika. Ukuze kusetshenziswe, i-lateral iqhuma kuze kufike ku-20 cm ubude isuke ku-pandanus. Igcinwa emanzini kuze kuvele izimpande, lapho kukhula khona ukukhula okukhulayo, bese kutshalwa phansi.
Abanye ochwepheshe benza ngaphandle kokuhluma kwamanzi, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, izingxenye zomile amahora amaningana, ngemva kwalokho zijuliswe zibe ingxube ye-peat-sand. Ukuze ukhule kahle kangcono, kuhle ukumboza isitsha sesitshalo ne-polyethylene. Izinyanga ezimbili, izimpande zizovela ku-cuttings.
Uyazi? Ezweni lakwa-pandanus, amaqabunga awo asetshenziselwa ukwenza ilineni.
Imbewu
Le ndlela ikwenziwa ngokungavamile kakhulu, ngoba amathuba okuhluma aphansi, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezifudumele kunzima kakhulu ukuthola izinto eziphezulu zembewu.
Ukufika kuyenziwa ngamaphilisi e-peat, afakwe ezindebe zepulasitiki. Baqala ukuphuziswa kuze kube yilapho belula, bese amamentimitha ambalwa adonswa e-substrate ngomunwe futhi ehlanganiswe ngesikhwama seplastiki phezulu noma ngesitsha sepulasitiki esifanayo. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamakhemikhali amahlumela ahlanzekile futhi aqhubeke nokuhluma amahlumela kuze kube yilapho ukwandiswa kwesitolo esiphelele. Bese usufaka embizeni ehlukile.
I-pandanus exotic ibheka ukuhlobisa futhi ingathobeki ngokuphelele ekunakekeleni. Angakwazi ukulahlekelwa ngaphandle kokulahleka kokuntula umswakama nokukhanya, ithonya lokushisa okuphakathi ebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igumbi cishe alithinteki izinambuzane. Ukulimala okuphela kwalesi sitshalo kungumthamo womqhele, okuzodinga isikhala esiningi, kodwa le nkinga ngeke iphakame eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.
