Namuhla akekho ovikelwe kulesi nkathazo njenge-moth moth.
Kuxhaphaza yonke indawo, kudla izivuno kokubili kokuthutha kwemboni, nasezindaweni zezwe.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukulwa nalo kuphuze izinyanga ezinde noma ngisho neminyaka.
Isitshalo esonakalisiwe, umzamo omkhulu, isikhathi nemali esetshenziselwa ukubhujiswa kwalesi sifo - akukho muntu ofuna ukuhamba nalokhu. Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayele ngezindlela eziphumelelayo nemikhiqizo evela enundu, okuqinisekisiwe ngabanikazi abaningi bemithi yezithelo, kanye nolwazi mayelana nomjikelezo wezinto eziphilayo ezinambuzane, ozohlomulwa ngazo ukuthi uzobe uvikelekile ngezinga elithile.
I-Codling moth: ukwazi isitha
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-butterfly ye-moth izodonsela ukunakwa uma ibonakala engadini. Emva kwakho konke, ngokubukeka, kuyinto engavamile ukuthi akusho neze ukushaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukwazi ukudala ukukhathazeka okukhethekile ngokulimaza kwayo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunjalo njalo, ngemuva kombala ohloniphayo kuyisitha esiyingozi sezithelo zokuvuna. 
Lesi yisinambuzane esikhulu kakhulu - ubukhulu bebholavemvane le-moth liyi-18-21 mm ngamaphiko. Amaphiko angaphambili we-butterfly ayimfucumfucu emnyama nemigqa ye-wavy emnyama etholakala ngapha nangapha. Amaphiko angemuva anombala omnyama. Uma i-butterfly ihlala emaqabeni noma igatsha lomuthi futhi igoqa amaphiko ayo, iba cishe engabonakali.
Ukwandisa, i-moth iphuma ebusuku. Ukuhamba kwalo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwezihlahla ze-apula bese kuqhubeka izinyanga eziyi-1.5-2. Izinsuku ezingu-1-3 emva kokuvela kwesitshalo se-moth, ubeka amaqabunga, amahlumela, izithelo zombala wamaqanda amasha 1 mm ngobukhulu.
Omunye umuntu uyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angu-40-120. Esikhathini esizayo, izibungu ezimhlophe ezinezinwele ezimnyama ezivela kubo. Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, umbala wabo uguqulela ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Ziyizibungu ze-moth eziqubuzelayo ezidla ama-ovari, zingene esitshalweni, zishiye isikhukhula.
Ngonyaka owodwa, i-moth ibonakala izizukulwane ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke izihlahla zezithelo yiyesibili.
Uyazi? Isizukulwane sokuqala sezindiza ze-butterfly moth singalimaza cishe u-25% wezithelo; okwesibili ukubhubhisa 80-90% yesitshalo.Isikhathi sokuphahlazeka kwamacimbi yisizinsuku ezingu-16-45. Ngemva kwalokho, baya enhlabathini noma bakhonce, lapho benza khona ama-cocoons ebusika. Emhlabathini, ubusika ekujuleni kwama-3-10 cm. Baphinde baphile ngaphansi kwezinsalela zezitshalo, ezigayini nasendaweni lapho izithelo zigcinwa khona. Bafunda entwasahlobo lapho kusetshenzwa ukushisa ngaphezu kwama-10 degrees.
Uyazi? Phakathi kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, i-moth ingenzeka kuzo zonke izigaba zentuthuko. Ama-butterflies esizukulwane sokuqala nesesibili afaka amaqanda phakathi nonyaka wehlobo. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukulwa nenambuzane.
Ukulimaza kusuka enundu
Ukulimala kwebhu kungabi nje kuphela izihlahla ze-apula, ama-plums, amapheya, ama-quinces, ama-apricot, nama-peaches abuye asebenze.
Izibungu zingena embusus ngokusebenzisa i-recess pedunculated, umonakalo ebaleni, ngaphansi kwesembozo seqabunga. Endaweni lapho isibungu singene khona, kubonakala ukubola. Iyakhuthazwa amabhaktheriya athatha izibungu emzimbeni wazo. Kamuva, izithelo ezilimele zikhethwa yi-wasps.
Izibungu ezindala zesigodi sokugcina, ezihamba ngezinyawo, zidla inyama yazo. Ngakho, umuntu oyedwa angaphazamisa izithelo ezimbili noma ezintathu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nanhlanu.
Uma izithelo ezonakalisiwe ziwela emhlabathini, zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili noma ezimbili zihamba zisuka kuso zifike esihlahleni ukuze ziqhubeke nomsebenzi wazo owingozi kwezinye izithelo esihlahleni. 
Manje unomqondo walokho okuyi-moth nokuthi kungakanani umonakalo ongabangela ukuba ukhule ama-apula kanye nezinye izihlahla zezithelo.
Okulandelayo, sikunikeza incazelo yezindlela eziningana ukuthi ungayilahla kanjani. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukusetshenziswa komunye wabo akunakwenzeka ukukusiza ukuthi ubhekane nale nkinga. Indlela ehlanganisiwe kuphela ekwazi ukunikeza imiphumela efunayo.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokubhekana ne-moth namabhanki ayo engxenyeni engadini:
- i-agrotechnical;
- i-biological;
- amakhemikhali
Kubalulekile ukuqeda izitshalo ezitshalayo, lapho izibungu nazo zikwazi ukugubha khona. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla, ukwelashwa kudinga amagxolo ezihlahla. Amasayithi amadala, izindawo ezisolakala ukuthi zindawo ze-pupae, zingasuswa. Amagxolo asuswe adinga ukushiswa.
Unganaki ukudonsa. Kudingeka ukhethe kaningi.
Izitshalo ezihlaza eziheha izinambuzane, izitha zemvelo zamabimbi, zingatshalaliswa eduze. Futhi, ngosizo lwabahlinzeki bemishini engadini baheha izinyoni eziphazamisayo.
Ama-butterflies akakwazi ukuma iphunga lezotamatisi. Ngakho-ke, ungabesabisa kude nensimu ngokutshala utamatisi noma lwesinaphi, i-dill eduze.
Ehlobo ungayisebenzisa njengesivikelo esibusweni senundu ukubamba amabhande. Zenziwe kanje. Amapayipi ama-25-30 cm anqunywa ephepheni, indwangu, i-burlap. Kudinga ukugoqa isihlahla somuthi kude no-30-40 cm emhlabathini. Isicupho esiphezulu esiboshwe ngentambo. Ungamathinti ngezansi. 
Amacimbi, okwenza indlela eya esithelweni esihlahleni esingezansi, azowela esicupheni. Kuzodingeka zikhishwe futhi zibhujiswe. Izicupho zingabhalwa ngeglue elilandelwe. Uma umuthi uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ubudala, ungakwazi futhi ukugqoka impahla noma iphepha nge-betanaftol.
Njengomgibe, ungasebenzisa i-tape yokunamathela evamile yokubamba izimpukane. Ukuhlolwa kwezibhande zokudoba kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza okungenani kanye ngesonto.
Ama-butterflies angabanjwa ngesandla. Njengoba behamba ebusuku, bakhangwa ukukhanya okukhanyayo, bese bebanjwa futhi babhujiswe. Ngaphansi komthombo wokukhanya ungahlela umcube ngephepha lokunamathisela noma iphepha elinamathelayo.
Ngemuva kokuqoqa izithelo, izitsha lapho zigcinwe zihlanganiswe nephepha elibiziwe. Amacimbi azoshiya. Iziqukathi kufanele zibe ngaphandle kwezikhala, zivalwe ngokuqinile. Kamuva, iphepheni lomsundu lisuswa futhi lishiswa. Isitsha esingaphansi kwe-apula sihlanzwa futhi siphathwa ngamanzi abilayo.
Izindlela zomphakathi zomzabalazo
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi yokulwa nenundu emthini we-apula, abalimi baye bazama izindlela eziningi zokulwa, kuhlanganise namakhambi abantu. I-spraying ejwayelekile kakhulu yokutshala izidakamizwa kanye nezinhlayiya zezinambuzane ezinambuzane: tansy, burdock, umhlonyane. I-coniferous esetshenzisiwe, umhluzi wegwayi. Lawa mathuluzi anomphumela wokuvimbela.
Ukufafaza kokuqala kwe-infusions kanye ne-decoctions kwenziwa uma i-apula ikhula. Ukwelapha kokubili ukwelashwa kwezinyanga ezimbili. Ukuphalaza kwenziwa ebusuku kusimo sezulu esingenamoya.
Ukunqunywa komgwaqo olungiselelwe kusuka epilini yocuba elomile. Kufanele kufakwe izinsuku ezingu-10 ku-10 amalitha amanzi. Ngemuva kokubilisa amahora amabili. Ngemuva kokupheka komhluzi, elinye ibhakede lamanzi lengezwe kulo. Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, 50 g isepha isongezwa kwisixazululo. Izihlahla ziphathwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwamabhomu.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba ugwayi unamakhemikhali anobuthi, kubalulekile ukugcina izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanayo uma uphatha izihlahla nge-decoction kagwayi njengenhlamba ye-insecticide.Ungakwazi ukupheka decoction of umhlonyane. Utshani (1 kg) uthele 1 l amanzi bese ubilise imizuzu engu-20. Ngemuva kokuba umhluzi ubusisiwe, ibhakede lamanzi liyongezwa kulo.
Futhi ngempumelelo ngokumelene nenundu decoction of pepper obomvu. Ilungiselelwe kanje. Thatha amaphilisi ama-pepper pods, uthele ama-2 amalitha amanzi, ubilise ihora epanini elingaphansi kwekhava. Khona-ke umhluzi ugcizelela izinsuku ezimbili. Ngemuva kwalesi sihlungi.
Ukuze ufefaze, sebenzisa isigamu sesitha somhluzi, kuhlangene nama-10 amalitha amanzi kanye no-50 g isepha. I-liquid esele igcinwa ebhodini elivaliwe.
Izakhiwo zayo zokuthunga ziyaziwa futhi utamatisi ukumnika. Ukulungiselela kwalo sebenzisa 4 kg utamatisi oqoshiwe (phezulu, izimpande, izithelo eziluhlaza), 10 amalitha amanzi. Isixazululo sibilisiwe ngesigamu sehora, bese sihlungiwe. Ukuze uphefaza, uthathe ama-3 amalitha amanzi alungisiwe, amalitha angu-10 amanzi kanye no-50 g isepha.
Amalungiselelo amakhemikhali amazinyo
Amalungiselelo amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa kuphela ukubhujiswa okukhulu ngokubamba inundu. Uma uphefa izihlahla ze-apula ezivela enundu, ungathola ngokusizwa ugibe lwe-pheromone, okumele lubekwe engxenyeni engadini. Uma izimvemvane ezingaphezu kwezinguhlanu zingena kuwo kungakapheli isonto, kusho ukuthi asikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwemithi yemithi.
Yiqiniso, kunconywa ukuba ungaboni ukuthi isimo sifinyelele kuphi lapho kufanele sisebenzise ikhemistri. Sebenzisa ekutholeni izindlela zokuqala zokulwa. Uma bengakusizi, bese ukhetha isidakamizwa esingcono kakhulu esingokwemvelo.
Ukuze uthole izifo ezinzima, kunconywa ukwelashwa okune. Ukufafaza kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi kuhamba amavolontili, okwesibili - emasontweni amabili, okwesithathu - amasonto amabili emva kokudlule, wesine - emva kokuvuna.
Kunezidakamizwa eziningi ezingabhubhisa izibungu zesundu. Ama-Chemical, ama-biological and viral agents asetshenzisiwe.
Okufanayo izinambuzane, "I-Atom", "Binom", "Ditox", "Zolon", "Fufanon", "iSrocco", "Iskra-M", "Decis", njll, kusuka enundu isetshenziswa kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukubulala izibungu ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kweqanda ukuya ekungeneni emntwaneni. Kule nkathi adinga ukucubungula izihlahla.
Ukusetshenziswa okuvumelekile ngokumelene nenundu izidakamizwa ze-pyrethroid: "Ivanhoe", "Calypso", "Sumi-alpha", "Kinmiks", "Fatrin", "i-Alatar". Leli qembu lisetshenziselwa ukucubungula izinsuku ezingu-8-10 ngemuva kokuhamba kwamabhotela.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokuba uphathe inundu ye-apula, zama ukusebenzisa ithuluzi esitshalweni esisodwa. Uma phakathi nosuku akukho mphumela ohlangothini owenzile, ungaqhubeka nokucubungula kwezihlahla ezisele.
Futhi apula izihlahla baphathwa i-cygalotora: "Karate Zeon", "Kungfu", "Sensei", "iGladiator", "Borey".Ekulweni nokusetshenziswa kwebhu abalawuli bokukhula "Dimilin", "Match", "Herald", "Insegar".
Kusukela kumalungiselelo ephilayo ephumelelayo "i-Fitoverm" (esetshenziswe esikhathini sokukhishwa kwamacimbi avela kumaqanda aze awele esithelweni); "Lepidocide" (ngesikhathi sokukhula esizukulwaneni ngasinye, ukuhambisana nesikhathi esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14), "i-Bitoxibacillin" (ngesikhathi sokukhula esizukulwaneni ngasinye sinesikhathi seviki).
Imithi eyi-viral sebenzisa kancane kancane. Kuvunyelwe: "I-Madex Twin", "FermoVirin YAP".
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kubangele ukulimala ngangokunokwenzeka, kunconywa ukuba wenze ukupompa kokuqala ngosizo lwezindlela zamakhemikhali, nokusebenzisa amalungiselelo wezinto eziphilayo kanye nezindlela zomshini ngesikhathi sokupompela okulandelayo.Ukunqoba ngokuphelele inundu kungasebenzisa kuphela izindlela eziningana ngokuhlanganiswa. Ungayinaki ubuchwepheshe obufanele bezolimo, yenza okuphambene nokuvimbela ngokuqinile ngesikhathi sokunconywa, okunye okulungiselelwe okusetshenziselwa, ukusebenza kanye nabanikazi beziqephu ezingomakhelwane, futhi awusadingeki ubukele ama-apula ama-worm engadini yakho.
