Izinkukhu kanye nama-turkeys, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amahansi namadada, ahlushwa izifo ezihlukahlukene zegciwane. Abanye babo baphendule kahle ekwelapheni, kanti abanye abakwenzi.
Iqembu lesibili lezifo zihlanganisa i-leukemia. Ukuthi angabangela ukufa kwemfuyo eminingi yenkukhu.
I-leukemia ye-avian iyisifo se-viral esihambisana nokukhula kwamangqamuzana angavuthiwe amasistimu e-erythropoietic and glycopoietic.
Lesi sifo singathinta noma yikuphi izinkukhu, kodwa kaningi kubhalwe ku-turkeys nezinkukhu. Njengomthetho, i-leukemia iyalandela, kepha ukukhuphuka nakho kungenzeka ngenyanga yokuqala yeqanda-elibekiwe emigqeni encane.
Iyini i-bird leukemia?
I-virus ethinta kakhulu i-leukemia yizinkukhu zezinkukhu zazo zonke izinhlobo ze-turkeys. Ukuphikisana kakhulu nalesi sifo kuboniswe ngezinhlobo zenyama yenkukhu.
Ososayensi abavelele uFr., A. Moore, K. Canarini, E. Butterfield, no-N. A. Soshestvenskiy bachaza izinyoni ezinyoni ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Bayiqaphela ukuthi le nyoni yandisa kakhulu isibindi, kancane kancane yandisa izinga lama-leukocyte egazini.
Ngemva kwalokhu, u-V. Ellerman no-O. Bang bathatha isifundo selesi sifo, abaqedile izifundo eziningana mayelana nokugula kwesifo ezinkukhu. Kuze kube manje, izilwane zezilwane zanamuhla ziphendukela emsebenzini wazo ukuze zithole ukuxilongwa okuqondile.
I-Bird leukemia ivame kakhulu kulo lonke izwe. Ukuqubuka kwakhe kwabikwa emazweni angu-50 emhlabeni jikelele. Kuphela eRussia inani lezifo ezigulayo lingu-0.8%.
Lesi sifo sibangela ukulimala komnotho okukhulu ngenxa yokubulawa okuphoqelelwe kwezinyoni eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezigulini zabantu ngabanye, ukukhiqizwa kunciphise kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa kwemfuyo kuphazamiseka, okuphazamisa isimo sezimali epulazini.
Ama-Pathogens
I-agent causative ye-leukemia yiyona I-retrovirus ene-RNA.
Uyakwazi ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi walo ekushiseni kuka-46 ° C nangaphezulu. Uma iguqukele ku-70 ° C, igciwane le-leukemia lingasebenzi ngemva kwesigamu sehora, ku-85 ° C - emva kwe-10 s.
Noma kunjalo, leli gciwane libekezelela kalula ukukhanda. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe -78 ° C, ingahlala isebenza unyaka.
Kuye kwaqaphela ukuthi i-retrovirus eyenza i-leukemia imelana nama-x-ray, kodwa iyaqina ngemva kokuvezwa kwe-ether ne-chloroform. Yingakho la makhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane ngamanzi.
Izifundo nezimpawu
I-pathogenesis ye-leukemia ayiqondakali kahle.
Kuze kube manje, kwaziwa ngokuqondile ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuphazamisa ngokuphelele izinqubo zokuvuthwa okuvamile kwamangqamuzana e-hematopoietic, kanye nokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamangqamuzana nezakhi zawo kuzo zonke izilwane zezinyoni ezigulayo.
Kuye ngokubunjwa kwamangqamuzana amaselula, izazi zihlukanisa i-lymphoid, myeloid, i-leukemia ye-erythroblastic. I-Hemocytoblastosis ne-reticuloendotheliosis nazo zikhona. Zonke izinhlobo ze-leukemia zinempawu ezifanayo ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoni ezifuywayo.
Izifo zezinyoni kanye nabathwali bale gciwane benza njengabathwali besifo.. Njengomthetho, inani labantu abathwele igciwane lihlukahluka kusuka ku-5% ukuya ku-70%. Ngokujwayelekile lezi ziyizinyoni ezincane, njengoba inani lezizinyoni ezinjalo liyehla kakhulu ngobudala.
Kusukela emzimbeni wezinyoni ezigulayo, igciwane lingadliwa ngendwangu, amathe kanye namaqanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli gciwane lidluliselwa njalo emgqeni womama. Ngokuphathelene nama-virus, ama-turkeys kanye namahansi, abakwazi ukudlulisa i-retrovirus kusukela ku-testes ukuya emzimbeni wesifazane.
Ngokuvamile, i-leukemia iyadluliselwa ngokuqanda amaqanda - ngendlela eqondile. Le ndlela yokudlulisa lesi sifo iyingozi, ngoba esiteji sokuqala kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe abasha bayagula noma cha.
Ama-embryo aphethwe kancane kancane aphenduka amatshitshi ahlanjululwe, abese abangela bonke abanye abantu ngamaconsi.
Ukuhlonza
Indima eyinhloko ekuxilongweni kwe-leukemia ye-avian idlalwa ngokuhlolwa kwezilwane ezithintekile, ngoba lesi sifo asilula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusungula ngokwezimpawu nezimpawu.
Ngokuqondene nophenyo lwe-hematological, kulula ukuwasebenzisa ensimini yamapulazi amancane. Ngeshwa, isifundo esinjalo asikwazi ukuqhutshwa ngesilinganiso esikhulu.
Kubalulekile ekuxilongweni kwemidlalo ye-leukemia ukuhlolwa kwezibhedlela. Isekelwe kuncazelo ye-antigen ethize yeqembu lamagciwane weqembu legazi. Ukuhlonza kwabo kwenziwa nge-RIF-test.
Ukwelashwa Nokuvimbela
Ngeshwa, umgomo wokulwa ne-leukemia awukaze uthuthukiswe, ngakho izinkukhu ziyaqhubeka zifa ngalesi sifo. Akukho futhi ukwelashwa okuqondile, ngakho-ke kuphela into ehlalayo kubalimi bezinkukhu ukugcina zonke izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ukuze kuvikelwe imfuyo enempilo yenkukhu epulazini, kubalulekile ukuthenga amaqanda amancane kanye namaqanda kuphela emapulazini acacile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke abathengwa abasebasha kumele bangabikho ngisho nezibonakaliso ezincane zesifo. Kumelwe basebenze futhi baqine.
Zonke izinyoni ezihlala epulazini kufanele zigcinwe kahle. Futhi kudingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo sabantu abagulayo nababuthakathaka. Kumelwe kuqede noma yiziphi izifo ezithathelwanayo ezingathinta izivikeli zomzimba zabanye abantu futhi ziholele ku-leukemia.
Inyoni efile noma engabandakanyeki ebulawayo kumele ibe ne-autopsy edingekayo. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuba uqinisekise lokho inyoni yayigula. Uma kwenzeka ukuthola i-leukemia, yonke indlu kufanele ikwazi ukungena ekufakeni i-disinfection eyengeziwe. Ngesikhathi sokuchithwa ukuphoqelelwa ukuphoqelelwa ukubeka eceleni.
Lovely Milfleur izinkukhu zidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngokwabo. Kudingeka ukwazi ukuthi ungabanakekela kanjani.E-address //selo.guru/stroitelstvo/gidroizolyatsiy/fundament-svoimi-rukami.html ungathola izinto ezidingekayo zokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi isisekelo.
Kumele kuphele kuze kube sekugcineni ukwelashwa okuphelele kwazo zonke izakhiwo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ipulazi lingavalwa izinyanga ezingu-1-2. Uma ukubonakaliswa kwe-leukemia kuyama, ababelethi bazophinde bakwazi ukuhlanganyela ezinkukhu.
Isiphetho
I-leukemia yisifo esingelapheki segciwane. Kuze kube manje, izilwane zezilwane azizange zikwazi ukuthuthukisa umgomo ophumelelayo ongabulala i-agent causative yalesi sifo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, abalimi kudingeka baqaphele ukuthengwa kwezilwane namaqanda amancane, nokugcina kahle inyoni enempilo. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezinyathelo ezilula zokuzivikela zingalondoloza izinkukhu, ama-turkeys, amahansi kanye namadada ekufeni.
