Apple Trees July Chernenko isakazwa kabanzi kulo lonke elaseRussia.
Izinzuzo zabo eziyinhloko ukuvuthwa kokuqala futhi okumangalisayo izithelo ukunambitheka.
I-apula yalezi ezihlukahlukene izoba iparele langempela legadi yakho futhi iyokujabulela ngezithelo zakuqala zakuqala.
Uhlobo luni?
Izinhlobo ze-Apple uJuly Chernenko zihlanganisa izinhlobo zehlobo zama-apula.
Izithelo zigcwele ijusi futhi zivuthwe ngokuphelele. ekupheleni kukaJulayi.
Ama-apula avulekile awawa, ukuvunwa kuhle kakhulu kwenziwa ezinyathelweni ezimbili.
Inkathi yokusetshenziswa kwama-apula avunyiwe okufushane
Uma igcinwa endaweni emnyama, epholile, izithelo zizogcina izici zayo inyanga eyodwa.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-apula alezi ezihlukahlukene ezivuna ukuvuna.
Izinhlobo zasehlobo zihlanganisa uMelba, iGorno-Altaisky, Gornist, Malinovka, Apple Spas, uBely Naliv, Yandykovskoe, Yubilyar, Terentyevka, Shining Soliantan, Silver Hoof, uSoltstsedar, uYuzhny.
Ukuvota
Izihlahla ze-Apple ziyizitshalo eziwela impova. I-Apple cultivar uJuly Chernenko ihlolwe yizinambuzane.
Noma kunjalo, ama-pollinator angcono kakhulu azoba yizinhlobonhlobo Medunica kanye ne-Quinty.
Incazelo izinhlobo July Chernenko
Lapho ukhetha i-apula, indima eyinhloko yensimu idlala ngokubonakala komuthi nezithelo zawo.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zalezi zihlukahlukene zanele phezulubayakwazi zikhule zibe ngamamitha angu-5 ukuphakama.
Umqhele wabo unzima, oval. Amagatsha aphezulu kancane.
Amahlumela - amancane, akhishwe kakhulu.
Amaqabunga ayenamandla, anqamule, aluhlaza.
Ipuleti leshidi libushelelezi, emaphethelweni amancane.
I-Inflorescences - enkulu, emhlophe.
Izithelo ezincane, ukuma nxazonke. Izimbambo azikhulunywanga. Umbala we-apula uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengoba ukhula ubumnyama obomvana bubonakala.
Isikhumba sinobukhulu obuphakathi, bushelelezi kuze kuthinte. I-Saucer - engabizwanga. Umngcwabo uncane kakhulu, ojulile. Inyama imhlophe, inene ngokwanele, elimnandi nelomuncu.
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe ku-All-Russian Research Institute ye-Genetics kanye nokuzaliswa kweziNzalo zezithelo ezibizwa ngokuthi ngemuva I.V. Michurin.
Uhlanganyele ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo S.F. Chernenko. Ukuze uthole izindlela ezihlukahlukene zenziwa ngendlela ukuxuba.
Esikhundleni sezinto zokwenziwa kofuzo ezenziwe izinhlobo I-Anise velvet noPapirovka.
I-Anise i-velvet yayisetshenziswa njengezinhlobo zomama.
Ukuhlunga kukhethwe izihlahla ezingama-20 ezihlukahlukene zomzali, ezineminyaka eyi-10.
Ubaba wezinhlobonhlobo wakhonza njenge-pollinator.
Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kwakungenzeka ukuthola imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha, noma kunjalo, zaba nokusebenza okuncane.
Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezinhlamvu, ukukhishwa kwe-stratification kwenziwa izinyanga ezingu-4.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukufika kwezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha kwaphumelela, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indlela yokunakekelwa (umeluleki) yasetshenziswa ekunakekeleni.
Ibanga lidlulile lukhuni ezimweni ezibandayo. ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwamaqhwa. Manje i-apula ye-apula kaJulayi Chernenko isetshenziselwa kabanzi njengezinto zokukhiqiza izakhi zofuzo.
Isifunda sokusatshalaliswa kwemvelo
Isifunda sokusatshalaliswa kwemvelo kwalezi zihlukahlukene kukhona Izifunda eziphakathi nase-Middle Volga zaseRussia.
Ngenxa yalokho frost ukumelana okuhlukahlukene kuye kwasakazeka ensimini I-Ukraine ne-Belarus.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zihambisana kahle nobusika obunzima.
Lapho ukhula ezihlukahlukene esimweni sezulu esinzima ngamaqhwa aqinile kudingeka enze izihlahla zokudla ezivamile.
Umlingana osemusha udinga ukondliwa Izikhathi 2 ngonyaka futhi ebusika ukugoqa ngokuphelele isiqu sakhe. Lokhu kuzogwema ukukhishwa kwesihlahla.
Lapho ulungisa izimo ezihlukahlukene ukuze ubombele izimo, kubalulekile ukunikeza ukuchelela okuningi.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zithanda inhlabathi emanzi futhi evulekilengoba entwasahlobo baqoqa izinto eziwusizo.
Le nqubo ku-apula imithi ivela ohlelweni lwempande, lapho lithatha izakhi ezisuka enhlabathini ngendlela ehlakaziwe.
Njengoba kunamanzi anganele, le nqubo ayikwenziki ezingeni elifanele, elingase liholele ekuqedeni komuthi we-apula.
Ukuthela
Isivuno salezi zihlukahlukene kuhle kakhulu. Izithelo zokuqala aziletha kakade iminyaka emine emva kokufika. Isisindo sesithelo esivuthiwe singaba amagremu ayi-100.
Nge-apula eyodwa ingaqoqwa kufika ku-50 kilogram yama-apula. Izithelo ezivuthiwe aziwa, futhi ubambelele ngokuqinile phezu kwesiqu. Isikhathi sokuvuna siwa ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Kuyafaneleka ukukhetha ama-apula ngezigaba ukuze zonke izithelo zivuthiwe.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zalolu hlobo ziveza izithelo. Kanye ngonyaka, nangesikhathi semithi, ukuvama kwefruiting kunciphisa.
Izinhlobo ze-Apple zinezivuno eziphezulu: i-Koreas, i-Kovrovoe, i-Uslada, i-Prima, i-Persianka, i-Memory of Ulyanischev, i- Rossoshanskie, i-Sunny, i-Sokolovskoye, i-Stroyevskoye, i- Welsey, i-Chudnoye.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Isigaba sokutshala sibaluleke kakhulu kumuthi we-apula. Kuphela ngokunamathela kuyo yonke imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa ungakwazi yini ukukhula umuthi omuhle futhi unempilo.
Ekuqaleni, udinga ukunquma ngendawo nesikhathi sokufika.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Apple uJuly Chernenko azithobekile endaweni yokufika. Nokho Izihlahla ze-Apple zitshalwe kahle ngamaqembu ezihlahla ezintathu.
Ukutshala i-apula isihlahla uJuly Chernenko sidinga kude Amamitha angu-4-5 kusuka komunye nomunye.
Ngokuqondene nesikhathi sokutshala, isikhathi esivela kuJulayi ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuya phakathi kuka-Okthoba.
Amalungiselelo okutshala kumele aqale kuleli sonto. Ngokuba izithombo zidinga ukulungisa izimbiza ngokujulile ayikho ngaphezu kwamamentimitha angu-60 no-1 ububanzi bamamitha.
Umhlabathi emigodini udinga ukukhulula futhi ugeze. Uma utshala, kufanele uhlale unake entanyeni yentambo.. Kumele kube ngokuqinile ezingeni eliphansi. Emva kokutshala, umuthi we-apula kumele uphuze kakhulu, lokhu kuzosiza umhlaba ukugoqa izimpande ngokuseduze.
Ithiphu: ekahle ama-apple izihlahla yindawo evulekile, ekhanyisiwe.
Ukunakekela i-apula kuyisikhathi esiningi kakhulu. Kufanele iqale kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi, futhi iphele ekupheleni kukaNovemba.
Kuye ngenkathi, izinyathelo zokunakekelwa zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu:
- Spring: ukuhlolwa kwesihlahla, ukusika izihlahla ezonakele, ukwelashwa kwamanxeba.
- Ehlobo: ukuchelela njalo, ukuhlanza inhlabathi emapulaseni, ukuphathwa kwezilokazane.
- I-autumn: ukugcoba nokugubha isiqu, ukudla i-apula.
Ukuqaphela lezi zinyathelo zokunakekelwa, ungagcina impilo ye-apple yakho iminyaka eminingi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izihlahla ze-Apple zalesi sigaba azifani nokuphikisana okukhethekile kwezifo.
Okuyingozi kakhulu kubo:
Idonsa likaMealy. Ukuze silwe ne-powdery isikhutha, izinkuni ezilimazayo kufanele ziphathwe njalo nge-Hom.
I-Cytosporosis. Ekulweni ne-cytosporosis, isidakamizwa Hom sizophinde sibe umsizi onokwethenjelwa.
Scab. Ukuze unqobe i-apple ye-scab udinga ukusakaza i-Topaz.
Ukushisa amabhaktheriya. Lesi sifo senziwa ngephutha lomuntu. Isilinganiso kuphela sokulwa nalo - ukubhujiswa kwe-lesion kanye nokungahlanjululwa kwemithi yama-apula.
Izithelo zibola. Lesi sifo asiphathwa, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kwayo. Izithelo ezilimele kumele zisuswe ngokushesha futhi zilahlwe.
Izinambuzane zezihlahla ze-apula ziyi:
I-aphid eluhlaza. Ukuze ukubhujiswa kwama-aphid kudingeka kusetshenziswe i-apula ngesixazululo sensipho.
Listoblashka. Isixazululo seKarbofos sizosiza ukuqeda lesi sinambuzane.
Apple moth. Ukubhubhisa imvukuzane ingakwazi ukulungisa isixazululo sezinkuni se-chlorophos.
Listovertka. Kunzima ukulwa nomenzi weqabunga; ukupuniza kuphela isisombululo se-nitrofen kungayichitha.
I-Codling moth. Ukuze uvimbele ukuhlaselwa kwezimbali, phatha izinkuni ngekhambi le-chlorophos.
Ukufingqa, singasho ukuthi izinhlobo ze-apula ze-July Chernenko zifanelekile ukuzalanisa emapulazini asekhaya.
Abazithobekile ezimweni zokukhula, kanye nezithelo zabo ezivuthiwe, ezivuthiwe njengabantu abadala nabantwana.
Ama-apula alezi zihlukahlukene azokujabulela esimweni esisha noma ekheniwe.
Buka ividiyo mayelana ne-apula isifo somdlavuza omnyama.
