Ezihlukahlukene zamazambane eziguquguqukayo "Kiwi": izici, incazelo yezihlukahlukene, isithombe

I-Kiwi amazambane ungenye yezinhlobo ze-rarest. Kuyinto engafanele ukulima futhi ingakhula kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi.

It has ukunambitheka isilinganiso kanye nesakhiwo engavamile we impande. Ikhasi lifana nesithelo se-kiwi, ngakho-ke igama. Ukumelana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane ngoba umkhiqizo oguqulwa ngokofuzo.

Incazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobonhlobo, izici zayo, ikakhulukazi i-agrotechnics oyothola esihlokweni sethu.

Amazambane ama-Kiwi: incazelo ehlukahlukene

Lokhu okuhlukahlukene akukwazi ukuthengwa ezitolo ezivamile. I-Kiwi ikhona subspecies ezingavamile kakhulu. Lapho kudala lokhu kuhlukahluka kwakuhilelekile ubuchwepheshe bokufuzo. I-Kiwi iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yokuguqula izakhi.

Kufanelekile ukukhula cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia. Naphezu kwenani elincane lokutshala impahla, livame ukutholakala kwamanye amazwe - iBelarus, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Ukraine.

E-Russian Federation, amazambane e-Kiwi atshalwa eNtshonalanga yaseKrasnodar, eMoscow, i-Yaroslavl, iVolgograd, i-Nizhny Novgorod, i-Ivanovo, i-Perm, i-Kaluga.

Ekukhuleni okukhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa abalimi be-amateur. Uthanda ilanga eliningi, ukuchelela okuhlelekile, ukukhulula inhlabathi. Impendulo enhle kakhulu ekusungulweni kokufaka umquba.

Izici

Uhlamba izinhlobo eziphezulu. Kuncike ekukhuliseni kwenhlabathi, bafinyelela ekuphakameni kwama-40 kuya ku-80 cm. Isiqu siphelile, sinamahlamvu amaningi. Amagatsha anamandla.

Amapayipi agxilile, ama-emerald hue. Unqenqemeni olunamandla kakhulu. Ukuthinta kabi. Yiba nenani elikhulu lezinwele ezincane. Iplate leshidi libizwa ngokugqamile. I-Inflorescences inomthunzi okhanyayo we-lilac.

I-Anthocyanin umthunzi ubizwa kakhulu. Izimbali ziheha izinyosi nezinye izinambuzane. Amazambane ama-Kiwi - ukuhlukahluka okungavamile okubukeka njengesithelo esiyingqayizivele. Ihlukanise izithelo ngamaphethelo azungezile.

Kuzo amazambane othinta kakhulu kakhulu, afana ne-velvet. Isikhumba asivunyelwe. Inyama imhlophe emhlophe.

Injongo

I-pulp ibilisiwe kakhulu. Kufaneleka amazambane ahlambulukile. Kodwa abapheka ukubuyekezwa mayelana nalomkhiqizo bangabonakali. Abantu abaningi abathanda isakhiwo se-crumbly sempande, isikhumba esihle kakhulu.

Abanye abathandi isikhathi eside kakhulu sokupheka. I-Grade Kiwi kumele iphekwe imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-40. Phakathi kwemifino cishe ayinakwenzeka. I-subspecies enkulu yokupheka ama-saladi nezifundo zokuqala.

Sinikeza ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nezakhiwo zamazambane: ingozi ye-solanine, izinzuzo kanye nokulimaza kwemifino eluhlaza, kungani abantu bedla amahlumela futhi baphuza ijusi yamazambane.

I-subspecies inomkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu. Inekhwalithi yokugcina okuhle. Ezitolo zokudla zemifino epholile ziqhubeka kuze kube ngonyaka ozayo. Ngokugcina isitoreji sokunambitheka kwabo akulahlekelwa.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokugcina amazambane: isikhathi, izinga lokushisa, izindawo, izinkinga ezikhona.

Futhi, ukuthi ungagcina kanjani izimpande ebusika, efulethini nasemiphongolweni, emgodini nasezigumbini, esiqandisini futhi ehlutshiwe.

Isithombe

Bheka ngezansi: Isithombe se-Kiwi amazambane ahlukahlukene

Ukuthela

Ikhuluma ngezinhlobo zokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni. Kusukela kumahlumela okuqala kuya ekubuyeni lobuchwepheshe, kudlule izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-120. Ezindaweni ezipholile, isikhathi sokuvuthwa singakhula sibe yizinsuku ezingu-130.

Kodwa iningi likhula ngenhlabathi enhlabathini. Izinhlobonhlobo zivame kakhulu ekukhuleni okungenakuzithoba. Ngakho-ke, u-1 kg wezinto zokutshala ubiza ama-ruble angu-100. Futhi ukwanda kwezivuno kuzothinta kakhulu ukwanda kwenzuzo.

Uma kutshalwa ukunciphisa isivuno se-30x70 cm kungenzeka. Njengoba izihlahla zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zineqabunga, zidinga isikhala esengeziwe. Lapho ukutshala isivuno se-40x70 cm sanda ngo-20%. Imiphumela emihle iboniswa uhlelo lwe-45x90 cm; kuvuna kuyadingeka emva kokumiswa okugcwele kweziqongweni.

Qhathanisa isivuno salezi zihlukahlukene nabanye, ungabhekisela etafuleni elingezansi:

Izici zokukhula

Setha isiteji Ukufika kudingekile ekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Kumele kuhlwanyelwe phezulu. Ukujula kokulima kufanele kube ngu-15-18 cm. Umquba ulethwa enhlabathini evulekile. I-phosphorus ne-potassium nayo ihle kakhulu.

Ukwenza amazambane odla kakhulu, sebenzisa i-nitrogen. Isingeniso sokuqala senziwa ekwindla, okwesibili - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlwanyelwe kuphela zitshalwe.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nomanyolo wamazambane: yini ongayidla, nini nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani lapho utshala, yikuphi okuphakelayo okuyiyona engcono kakhulu nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo zamanyolo wamaminerali.

Kumele usebenzise uhlelo lokutshala olufanele, olwandisa isivuno. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe mahhala nokhula. Ukhula luzosusa wonke amaminerali adingekayo. Emhlabathini we-sod ne-podzolic, ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe ngo-8-10 cm. Ukujula kubalwa kusukela phezulu kwe-ridge kuya phezulu kwento yokutshala.

Ngokuqondene nezindlela ze-agrotechnical, zisezingeni elijwayelekile - ukuphakama, ukuchelela nokuhlanganisa phakathi kwemigqa.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ngabe ukuphakama kuyadingeka yini amazambane, kwenzekani nge-ngesandla noma ngosizo lwe-motor-block, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ngaphandle kokuqhaqhazela nokukhuphuka.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Amazambane ahlukahlukene ama-Kiwi angaxhunywanga ne-Colorado amazambane beetle. Inkathazo ayidli amahlumela. Izinambuzane ziyesaba ukwesaba okukhulu kwamaqabunga. Emaqabunga anjengamaqabunga, akunakwenzeka ukubeka amaqanda nokuqothula izibungu.

Ngakho-ke, izinambuzane ziyiswa ezinhlobonhlobo ezilula kakhulu zamazambane, zibe nesibhakabhaka samaqabunga. Izinhlobonhlobo azithintekile yi-wireworm. Esikhathini sayo, i-subspecies ine-bio-cellulose.

Izinambuzane ezinjalo ezibonakalayo azikwazi ukugaya. I-subspecies imelana kakhulu namagciwane kanye nezifo. Akuthintekile ukulimala okwesikhashana, umdlavuza, i-Alternaria, i-fomozom, isikhumba, ukubola, i-rhizoctoniosis, i-fusarium ne-verticillium wilt.

Izinhlobonhlobo zamazambane i-Kiwi zithole izibuyekezo ezinhle zabalimi. Ukumelene namagciwane, izifo nezinambuzane. I-Well iyaphendula ekusungulweni kokugqoka. Kuyinto subspecies high-ezithobayo. Iqukethe izinga elihle lokugcina.

Ezitolo zokudla zemifino epholile ziqhubeka kuze kube ngonyaka ozayo. Ziyizinhlobo ezingavamile.

Sikuqaphela ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana nendlela yokukhulisa amazambane - ubuchwepheshe beDutch, izinkinga zokusebenza ngezinhlobo zakuqala, ukudweba uhlelo lwebhizinisi lokukhulisa amazambane. Kanye nezindlela ezihlukile: ngaphansi komshini, ezikhwameni, emibhalweni, emabhokisini.

Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayele ngezinhlobo zamazambane ezinemigomo ehlukile yokuvuthwa: