Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakanyisiwe eziye zathinta abaningi - "Unscarbable" currant ebomvu

Ibanga le-currant elibomvu Bathandekayo Bred muva nje, kodwa usuvele wakwazi ukuthonya izinhliziyo zabalimi abaningi ngokuthi, ngaphandle kokudinga izinkinga ezikhethekile, ithola isivuno esicebile hhayi omuncu, kodwa amajikijolo ahle kakhulu futhi anempilo.

Incazelo izinhlobo Beloved

I-currant ebomvu "Incazelo ethandekayo". Isihlahla esincane esincane se-currants, esinobubomvu obumnyama, njengokungathi amaqoqo e-varnished amajikijolo, abukeka njengommeleli wezilwane eziyisibonelo.

Amahlumela liqondile futhi lilukhuni ngamafihlethi e-oblong, intsha iyibomvu-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ama-lignified aphezulu.

Amahlamvu lokhu okuhlukahluka kufana ne-maple emihlanu "enamathele" - indwangu enkulu enkulu, engenayo isicwebezela ngamazinyo angenhla emaphethelweni. Izimbali ezincane zethenda Abathandekayo bavela ngesonto lokuqala likaMeyi bese bahlala kuze kube phakathi nenyanga, babukeka njengama-saucers aphuzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

A amajikijolo - obomvu ngemivimbo emnyama, esithambile futhi enamanzi, efana nosayizi, kuthathwa njengokungcono kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi amaphuzu abo okunambitha - 4.8 kwabangu-5. Ubumnandi obuhle kubo, Yebo, bukhona.

I-berry evamile inesisindo sika-0.6-0.8 amagremu; kukhona imbewu encane ngaphansi kwesikhumba esincane. Ukulinda emagatsheni, hhayi ukuhlushwa futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka, amajikijolo angaba isikhathi eside. Futhi ugcine ukubukeka okukhangayo ngisho nokuhamba okude.

Lezi amajikijolo, amahle kakhulu ekunambithekeni, anjengokungathi adala ukwenza i-jam kusuka kubo. Kuvela okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nezinhlobonhlobo zehlobo zama-apula: Ubuhlobo Babantu, i-Yellow Sugar, i-Medunitsa, i-Orlinka, i-Golden Chinese, i-Wonderful, ne-Hero yosuku.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

Ibanga othandekayo Kwavulwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980 eBelarus e-Institute for Fruit Production yeRiphabliki Academy of Sciences.

Umlobi wezinhlobonhlobo ungumzalisi owaziwa kahle, udokotela we-Biological Sciences u-Anatoly Grigorievich Voluznev wabiza ingqondo yakhe ethi "Abathandekayo" hhayi ngengozi - lesi sitshalo saba mnandi ngokumangalisayo, iso alinakunqunywa emhlabathini ocebile omnyama, ocebile kakhulu ngama-rubies amajikijolo.

Izinhlobo ezintathu zaba abazali bale currant - Cherry, Wonderful and Dutch Red. Bonke babanikeza "indodakazi" yabo izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu.

Cherry - isivuno esiphakeme kanye nesethulo sezithelo, amajikijolo amakhulu - amancane namahle, kanye nobudisi obomvu obusika baseDutch nokutholakala nezifo eziningi.

Ngo-1991, i-Un-fair yayifakwe kwiRejista kaHulumeni yezinhlobonhlobo zaseBelrusrus, futhi ngo-2006 kwavunyelwa ngokomthetho ukuhlakulela eRussia.

Izinhlobo ze-currant ezibomvu ezifana neJam, Natali, Andreichenko zikhulile ngempumelelo kulezi zifunda. Kanye nezinhlobo zama-black currant: Gulliver, Gross, Belarusian sweet, Bagheera kanye Summer House.

Izici

Ibanga othandekayo ihluke ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu. Izihlahla ezincane zinika okungaphezu kuka-3 kg amajikijolo. Njengoba bekhulile, benakekelwa kahle, basusa 10-12 kg. Isikhathi esivelele ekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.

Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu kulezi ezihlukahlukene self-fertility (60%). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ekwakheni ama-ovari, akudingi ukuvota impova, futhi akuxhomeki ngesimo sezulu nendiza yezinambuzane - isivuno esiphakeme njalo futhi siqinisekisiwe.

Ukuphikiswa kwe-Frost Abathandekayo baningi kangangokuthi ngezinye izikhathi kuqhubeka ubusika obukhulu kakhulu phakathi neRussia ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubusika ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa.

Berry othandekayo iqukethe amashukela ayi-6 kuya ku-12%, ama-acids amaningi, ama-tannins kanye ne-pectin, inani elilinganayo lamavithamini C - 30.2 mg / 100 g, amaningi amaminerali amaminerali kanye ne-carotene. Lokhu kukwakhiwa kubonisa ukunambitheka okumnandi okumuncu. Ama-currants amasha kulezi zihlukahlukene yi-dessert enhle kakhulu, kodwa futhi kufanelekile nge-jam, futhi ayidingi ushukela oluningi ukubulala ubuhlungu.

Ungathola ijusi elimnandi nokuphulukisa kusuka amajikijolo kaBathandekayo, onomphumela wokuhlanza - ngeke nje uthuthukise amathambo, kodwa futhi usize ususe u-uric acid usawoti.

Futhi ijusi elibomvu i-currant i-diaphoretic elihle kakhulu, elinomkhuhlane alusizi nakakhulu kunobusi noma okusajingijolo.

Isithombe

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

1. Umhlaba I-Grade Beloved bayakhula kahle kakhulu emhlabathini owodwa owenziwe kahle ocebile ocebile ngezakhi. Ukuvalwa kwamanzi angaphansi (50-60 cm) kuya emanzini kuyingozi, ngakho-ke ama-currants kufanele atshalwe entabeni encane.
2. Ukukhanyisa. Uthanda ukukhanya, angatshala ezindaweni ezivulekile - uzophumelela lapho.
3. Omakhelwane I-currant ebomvu "abangani" ne-gooseberries, futhi "nomona" womzala wakhe - i-currants emnyama. Bonke abomakhelwane bendawo bangamkhathazi. Izimpande zalabo abathandekayo zijulile kunezitshalo ezinotshani, kodwa ziphakeme kunezo zemithi - ngakho akukho mncintiswano.
4. Ilungiselela ukufika. Ukutshala ama-currants abomvu ekuqaleni kwekwindla.

   Amahora amabili ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu kufanele ifakwe emanzini, okungcono kusetshenziswe "Kornevinom" - isitshalo esincane sakha ngokushesha izimpande ezintsha.

   Izimpande ezinomile noma eziphukile ezivela kumbe kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha.

   Umgodi wezithandwa udinga ukujula okungaphansi kwezingu-60 cm nobukhulu be-50 × 50 cm. I-currant ebomvu ihlala isikhathi eside, kuzodingeka ikhule kule ndawo iminyaka engama-20, bese kuthi 25.

   Ngakho-ke, ama-fertilizer e-organic and amaminerali kufanele afakwe emgodini: amagatsha aqoshiwe noma ama-chips kufanele athululelwe phansi, ahlanganiswe umhlaba, avuliwe, futhi afake isisindo se-chol noma i-dolomite evela phezulu.

   Uma kungekho isikhokho, umlotha ojwayelekile ovela esitofu ulungile - ilitha elingamalitha lanele. Kumele futhi wenze isipuni esisodwa semanyolo equkethe i-potassium, kodwa ngaphandle kwe-chlorine.

   I-currant ebomvu ayibekezelele ukuba khona kwe-chlorine. Lapho ukhetha umanyolo, khetha okwenziwe nge-potassium sulfate. Ungalimazi inhlabathi lapho ikhula khona - kuwufanelekile ukusebenza kancane, kanti lesi sitshalo sizohlushwa yi-chlorosis.

   Endaweni ye-заполн egcwele kahle, engeza umquba bese uhlanganisa zonke izingqimba ngokuthulula amanzi phezu kwazo.

Ukufika

Ephakathi komgodi olungiselelwe benza inqwaba futhi, eqondisa izimpande, uhlele insimu kuyo.

Ukutshala isitshalo kumele ngaso sonke isikhathi kuguqulwe - amahlumela amathathu aphansi ezitshalweni kufanele afihleke enhlabathini, kanti ezintathu noma ezine ezingenhla kwesokunxele ngaphezu komhlaba.

Nciphisa umhlabathi wesipela okhishwe emgodini. Uma kunene kakhulu, engeza isihlabathi. Akudingekile ukwamukela nokunyathelisa inhlabathi ezungeze isithombo, kodwa ukuwisela ukuze umhlaba unamathele ezimpandeni kuyadingeka. Uma izimpande zingabonakali ngesikhathi sokunisela, engeza inhlabathi namanzi angasaphinde athulule.

Uma ukutshala izihlahla eziningana kudingeka uhambe phakathi kwabo okungenani ngamamitha angu-1.5-2. Nakuba kungenjalo othandekayo othandekayo, izimpande zidinga indawo, futhi izihlahla zifuna ukukhanya.

Ukudubula

Lapho utshala amahlumela isithombo unqunywe kuhle kakhulu.

Kwanele ukushiya amaqabunga amathathu noma amane ngaphezulu komhlabathi, bese kuthi entwasahlobo yamagatsha ahlangothini aqinile ayokhula. Futhi kusukela kulawo amaqabunga angcwatshwe emhlabathini, azohamba amahlumela ase-basal.

Ngemuva kokutshala izihlahla, uzodinga ukushisa umhlabathi ngokuphakama kwama-10-12 cm. Ngentwasahlobo, isihlahla siphukile futhi asisekho. Ngesikhathi sehlobo, amagatsha akhe azokhula, futhi ekwindla, lapho i-blowjob ingunyaka, bonke bazodinga ukufinyezwa yikota yesilinganiso.

Ngentwasahlobo yonyaka wesibili wokuphila, izithombo zihlungwa futhi - izihlumela ezintathu noma ezine eziqinile, ezikhulayo zikhethiwe, kanti ababuthakathaka baqedwa phansi, bengashiyi lutho.

Esikhathini esizayo, ukusika iziphindwa njalo ngonyaka, kulandela indlela efanayo. Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu, amagatsha ayisisekelo aqinile kufanele akhiwe ehlathini.

Amagatsha aneminyaka engu-3-5 ubudala aletha isivuno esikhulu kunazo zonke.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

I-currant ebomvu lokhu kungabonakali ekukhuliseni inhlabathi, kepha kuyakuthanda ukufaka umanyolo kakhulu - emva kwakho konke, kuvuthwa amajikijolo kabili njengamnyama. Okungeniswe emgodini ngaphambi kokutshala kuzohlala iminyaka engu-2-3 ehlathini, bese kuyodingeka kudliwe. Ngo-Mashi-Ephreli, Bathandekayo, kuhle ukuphatha "urea" kwesinye isihlahla sama-20-25 g.

Ngo-Meyi, lapho i-currant iphuma, iphuziswa ngamanzi amaningi ngekhambi le-mullein (ilitha lamanzi elilodwa ngamagremu ayi-100 g umquba). Uma ufuna ukwandisa isivuno ngo-20-30%, fafaza isihlahla se-currant ngesisombululo se-boric acid - ebhakedeni lamanzi - 1.5-2 g. Ama-ovarie ayoba amakhulu, futhi amajikijolo amakhulu azoboshwa. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe kusihlwa ngosuku olomile.

I-currant ebomvu uthanda ukunqwabelana - okungukuthi, ukuvimbela inhlabathi ezungeze izinto ezigcwalisa ukunikezwa kwezakhi. Njenge-mulch yayo, ungathatha ama-humus, umquba, i-peat, noma umquba we-phosphate-potassium kuphela. Ukuphakama kwesendlalelo se-mulch kuyinto engu-10-15 cm.

Ukunisela

Ngokuvamile ukuchelela okwengeziwe Bathandekayo akudingeki. Kodwa uma ngoJune, lapho amajikijolo athululelwa, kufanelekile ukuma, isihlahla kufanele siphuze. Kuyafana no-Okthoba - uma ekwindla isomile, uthele i-currant.

Amanzi kuzo zombili izimo, udinga okuningi - amabhakede 3-5 ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Ekuqaleni, imvula nje emhlabathini nxazonke, bese uthele konke okunye - ngakho amanzi angena emhlabathini bese eya ezimpandeni ezijulile. Udinga ukuphuza kusihlwa.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ibanga othandekayo ukumelana nezifo ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi nezinambuzane. Akusho ukushaya i-American powdery isikhutha (spherotek), i-anthracnose, i-bud mite. Izifo ze-fungal azilimazi kakhulu kuleli currant. Kodwa kunezitha.

1. Ukugqwala kweglasi - ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kugqugquzelwa yimithombo yamanzi emvula, indawo ephansi ye-currant ehlathini, ikakhulukazi uma isitsha esiseduze ne-sedge siseduze.

   Amakhowe ahlala e-sedge - umthombo walesi sifo.

   Izibonakaliso zangaphandle: ezinsukwini zokuqala zasehlobo, ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga, amahlumela, ama-ovarie aluhlaza, amapulangwe amakhulu aphuzi - ama-fresal spores.

   Ngokushesha bashintsha isimo futhi babe njengezibuko. Amaqabunga abathintekayo namajikijolo ngokushesha awela, ngakho kunzima ukubona lesi sifo engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. Ngokunqotshwa okunamandla, ungalahlekelwa isigamu sesitshalo.

   Okufanele ukwenze:
   • Phonsa Bordeaux liquid izikhathi ezintathu (100 g of lime + inani elifanayo nethusi sulfate ngalinye 10 amalitha amanzi). Isikhathi sokuqala - ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwamahlamvu, okwesibili - ngokubonakala kwefihlekile, okwesithathu - ngokushesha ngemva kokuqhakaza.
   • Uma kukhona i-sedge esiseduzane, kufanele ifakwe futhi ifakwe ngasekwindla noma ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
2. I-Septoria - libizwa nangokuthi indawo emhlophe.

   Izibonakaliso zangaphandle: ekuqaleni kwehlobo, amaqabunga ahlanjululwa ngamachashaza amancane - insundu nomngcele obomvu.

   Bese baphendulela amachashazi amhlophe namnyama abonakala phakathi kwamabala. Amaqabunga asomile futhi aphelile.

   Okufanele ukwenze:

   • Ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali nangemva kokuvuna, phatha isihlahla nge-Bordeaux ingxube noma i-biopreparations "iZircon", "Fitosporin".
   • Ekwindla ukuqoqa nokushisa amaqabunga awela phansi - izinambuzane zichitha ubusika kulo.

Ngokuqondene nezifo ezivame kakhulu zezitshalo ze-horticultural, ungafunda ngazo ngokuningiliziwe ezihlokweni zewebhusayithi yethu: i-anthracnose, i-chlorosis, i-bacteriosis, i-rubella, umdlavuza we-bacterial, //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, i-rust .

Izinhlobo zanamuhla ze-currant ebomvu, ezifaka phakathi Bathandekayo, qhathanisa kahle nalabo asebewaziwa isikhathi eside - kokubili ngoba abamesabi isithwathwa, futhi ngenxa yokuthi bayamelana nezinambuzane, futhi banambitheka amajikijolo amnandi, angenawo ushukela omncane kunezithelo ze-black currant.