Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-apula zihlukahlukene ezihlukaniswa isivuno saso, isivinini se-fruiting kanye nesibalo sokumelana.
Abantu bayashintshashintsha kahle ezimweni ezihlukahlukene, yingakho kuphumelele ukunqoba indawo ezinkulungwaneni zedidi.
Uhlobo luni?
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene ze-Narodnoe: ekupheleni kuka-Agasti nasekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, okungukuthi ukuhlukahluka kungokwekwindla ekuqaleni.
Ikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele. Isivuno sinomphelo omude wefulethi. Ama-apula ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokuboshwa angadliwa kuze kuJanuwari (isikhathi sokusebenza kwesitshalo cishe izinsuku ezingu-135).
Isitolo sinconywa emabhokisini, ema-cellars nasezindlini zokuhlala. Ukuze izithelo zingabi ziwohloka, kubalulekile ukugwema izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
Ukuvota
Enye inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo yi-apple ye-Narodnoe - iyithwala. Ngakho-ke ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nokungabi khona okuphelele kwezinambuzane zokuvuthwa, ungathembela ekuvuneni.
Incazelo izinhlobo izinhlobo zabantu
I-Narodnoe i-apula ehlukahlukene iyisihlahla esincane esinezihlahla ezinezithelo eziphakathi. Cabanga okuningi.
Isihlahla sama-apula sisezingeni eliphansi, ekuvuthweni isitshalo sifinyelela ku-3.5m kuphela. Umqhele awusakazeke kakhulu, awuvamile ngokwemibandela yobukhulu futhi obumbene.
Umbala wesikhwama skeleton usundu. Izeluleko zamagatsha ziqondiswa phezulu. Ukuvuthwa kwenziwa ngokuxubile: kokubili kolchtakah, nasezitshalweni zezithelo, emithonjeni nasemikhonweni.
Ivumela amahlumela alungile, kunalokho anamahlumela ane-shade elibomvu elimnyama.
Izici ezinqabile: ipuleti leshidi ligobile phansi, linomphetho okhanda umqhele, ubuso beqabunga bumbimbi, bukhulu.
Abantu banikeza izithelo eziphakathi. Isilinganiso esisodwa sekhophi eyodwa ngu-110-135 g. Ama-apula anesimo esizungezile, esivumelana kancane esisekelweni, unamathele kancane phezulu. Ngezinye izithelo, ukufana okufana nomthunzi kungabonakala - ifa elivela ePrimevka ehlukahlukene.
Esikhumbeni kukhona amaphuzu amancane angaphansi kwegrey, ahlakazekile kuyo yonke indawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okugcwele, ngaphambi kokuqoqa, kubonakala umbala wegolide ophuzi.
Inyama yabantu inombala ophuzi, unethenda namanzi, unikeza ukunambitheka okunomsoco omnandi ngephunga elicebile.
Izici zeChimicals zesithelo:
- ama-acid - 0.40%;
- ushukela - 11.4%;
- Indaba eyomile - 13%;
- ascorbic acid - 7.7 mg / 100g.
Isithombe
Bona izithombe ze-apula izinhlobo "Abantu":
Umlando wokuzala
I-cultivar ye-apula, uNarodnoe, yavuswa ngokuhlakanipha ekuqaleni kwengxenye yesibili yekhulu lama-20. Ukuze ukuzalanisa basebenzisa izinhlobo Belfer Chinese kanye Pakrovka.
Umuthi wesivuno "umuthi" uzobonakala emehlweni ahlanzekile: izithelo zabantu zifana ne-Packrovka (ukuma, isisindo esiphakathi nombala), futhi ukunambitha ungakwazi ukubona kalula i-Belfer-Chinese - i-juiciness efanayo, iphunga elifanayo.
Lolu hlobo lwadalwa nguProfesa Isaev Sergey Ivanovich edolobheni laseMichurinsk.
Isifunda Sabantu sakhishwa ngo-1964 eMordovia, ezindaweni zaseVoronezh naseLimpetsk.
Engxenyeni yokuqala yama-90, izikhulu zayeka ukuchaza iNarodnoe kwiRejista Yombuso ngoba isikhungo (VNIIS) asizange sikhokhele ukulungiswa kule ncwadi.
Noma kunjalo, i-Narodnoe ikhulile ngokugcwele ensimini yeRussia ngisho namaqhwa e-Udmurt (futhi afinyelela -35 ° C) ayakwazi ukubekezela ngokuphawulekayo, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, iRiphabhuliki Yabantu ibizwe ngokuthi "Ukuqothulwa" kule republic.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Ilungisa kahle ngokuphelele kuwo wonke ama-latate enembile. Ekuqaleni basakazwa ensimini yaseVoronezh, iLipetsk, iSaransk nemizi eseduze nabo.
Kuze kube manje, ikhula ngokuphumelelayo kwezinye izindawo ngezulu ehlukene kakhulu, kunezimo zase-Ukraine naseBelarus.
Ukuthela
Naphezu kokuthi uNarodnoe ubhekisela kuhlobo oluthile lwamazinyo, lunezizathu ezingenakuqhathaniswa.
Isivuno sokuqala sivame ukuqoqwa ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala isithombo.
Isivuno sanda njalo ngonyaka, i-apula ithwala izithelo njalo.
Lapho umuthi we-apula ufinyelela ekuvuthweni okugcwele, ngesikhathi sokuhluma, umuthi owodwa uzokuletha cishe u-160 kg wezithelo.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukuze i-Folk ibonise izimfanelo zayo ezinhle engadini yakho, kuyadingeka ukuba ulandele ngokucophelela imihlahlandlela yokunakekelwa nokutshala.
Njengoba i-Folk ingumuthi omncane, ayikho isidingo sokuyinika isikhala esiningi, ngisho nasensimu encane lesi sitshalo sizozizwa sikhululekile.
Isimo esibalulekile kuphela: qinisekisa ukuthi imbewu yakho ayiwi emthunzini womunye umuthi. Ngokukhanya okuphansi ngeke uthole ivolumu oyifunayo yesitshalo.
Inhlabathi enhle kunazo zonke yokutshala abantu ngumhlabathi omnyama.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, thola umqhele wezinhlamvu kancane. Izihlahla ezilandelayo kufanele zenziwe ngonyaka owodwa emva kokuduka.
- Bamba imbobo 50x50.
- Susa kahle umhlabathi, uhlukanise izingqimba zomhlabathi eziphansi nezingaphansi.Ngaphambi kokutshala, uhlelo lwempande lomuthi kumele luqondiswe..
- Kuyinto efiselekayo ukugcwalisa umgodi ngamanyolo eziphilayo (isibonelo, nge humus).
Umuthi ufakwa emgodini, izingqimba zomhlabathi zibuyiselwa. Okokuthi, okokuqala ulala uhlelo lwempande lwesigaba esingaphansi, bese phezulu. Tamp umhlabathi lapho ubeka ungqimba ngamunyeukuze uhlelo lwempande lugcinwe kahle futhi lugcwaliswe ngokucophelela- Dala imbobo ehambisana nendawo yokunyathelisa.
- Yenza isipele umuthi we-apula ngesikhonkwane ukuze ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukukhula akusho ukuguqula isiqu ngaphansi kwesisindo somqhele.
- Gcwalisa umgodi ngamanzi. Ivolumu enconywayo i-3 amalitha ngomuthi ngamunye.
- Umbuthano owawusungeze isiqu kumele uhlanganiswe ngokucophelela nge-humus noma i-peat.
Umuthi ufakwa emgodini, izingqimba zomhlabathi zibuyiselwa. Okokuthi, okokuqala ulala uhlelo lwempande lwesigaba esingaphansi, bese phezulu. Tamp umhlabathi lapho ubeka ungqimba ngamunyeukuze uhlelo lwempande lugcinwe kahle futhi lugcwaliswe ngokucophelelaKhulisa. Kuqhutshwa njalo ukuze umuthi ngokulinganayo ubeke izithelo futhi ungasebenzisi amandla kumahlumela angakhiwa. Ukudubula kokuqala kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukunciphisa kuyadingeka ukuzuza minyaka yonke, kufinyelele ngama-20%. Amagatsha awonakele asusiwe.
Ngezihlahla ezifanelekile emthini onesihlahla awufaki izindawo ezingabonakali, futhi ukugijimela kwansuku zonke kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo.
Ukunisela Ngaphambi kokuvuna kokuqala, umuthi we-apula uphuziswa cishe kathathu ngonyaka; inqwaba, isihlahla kufanele sithole amabhakede amahlanu amanzi. Yeka ukuphuza ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Umuthi we-apula oveza izidingo zezitshalo ukuchelela izikhathi ezingu-6.
Nisela umuthi ngaphambi kokusila, ngesikhathi nangemva kwawo.. Okulandelayo, yenza ukuphuza ngoJuni nangaphambi kokuqala kwe-fruiting.
Ukuhlanzeka Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwempande alukhuleli ukhula, ekwindla, susa wonke amahlamvu endala bese ushisa ngaphandle kwensimu.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Scab
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla ze-apula, iNarodnoe ayitholakali kancane kancane, kodwa isifo sokutheleleka siye sabonwa ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Isikhumba - isifo se-fungal esibonakala ngesibhakabhaka esibomvu emaqabunga. Ngemuva kokubunjwa kwamaqabunga omile, futhi izithelo zibola.
Ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenziwa entwasahlobo nge-Topaz. Ukwelashwa kwesibili kwenzeka emva kokuchichima ngesisombululo se "colloidal sulfur" noma ukulungiselela "Chom".
Idonsa likaMealy
Futhi isifo sofungayo esithinta zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Emthini kanye namaqabunga, amhlophe, okuthiwa "mealy", ukuqhakaza kubonakala kuqala, ngenkathi, ngaphandle kokwelapha, iphenduka isundu.
Amaqabunga esitshalo esithintekile asomile, ukukhula kuyayeka, izithelo azibophekile.
Ukwelashwa: Entwasahlobo, thinta lesi sihlahla ngokuthi "Skor" noma "Topaz". Ngemva kokuchichima, ukwelashwa ngethusi le-chlorine oxide kuyadingeka, futhi emva kokuvunwa ngamaphesenti owodwa e-Bordeaux liquid.
Ukushisa amabhaktheriya
Kubhekwa njengenye yezifo ezinzima kakhulu futhi ezingenakunyakaziswa zezihlahla zezithelo. Lesi sifo sinegciwane, izibonakaliso zivela engxenyeni yokuqala kaJulayi: inzuzo yonyaka yomekile, amaqabunga aphendukile.
Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, umuthi uyafa iminyaka emibili futhi uthinta izitshalo eziseduze.
Ukwelashwa: Njengoba lesi sifo sinesifo segciwane lesandulela ngculaza, kuvame ukudluliswa ngokuthenga izithombo noma izicutheka ezigulayo, futhi kukhuthazwe izinambuzane. Izinambuzane kufanele zibhujiswe, ziqaphele ikhwalithi yokutshala impahla.
Lapho uthenga isitshalo esithathelwanayo - usishise, uphinde usichitha imithi lapho ukhula khona, ngesisombululo se-sulphate yethusi.
Uma unquma ukuthenga i-apple ye-Narodnoe, ungaqiniseka ukuthi ngeke kukudumaze. Okumangalisa ukuthi lesi sihlahla sesithelo asikho amaphutha amakhulu. Kuyinto emelene nesithwathwa, engavamile igciwane lesikhumba, kulula ukuthola izithelo ezijwayele futhi eziningi.
