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Isitshalo se-Ornamental sikhula

Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokutshala nokunakekela i-hippeastrum ekhaya

Phakathi kwezimbali zasendlini, i-hippeastrum ikhangayo ngokukhethekile, okuyinto futhi isitshalo esiyinkimbinkimbi ngokutshala nokunakekelwa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, akubona bonke abalimi bembali abakwazi ukufeza izimbali zalo. Ngezansi sizokutshela konke mayelana nokulima kwalo futhi sinqobe izinkinga ezingenzeka.

Hippeastrum - incazelo yembali

I-Hippeastrum izimbali ziyingxenye yesitshalo esingapheli, esivela e-bulb. Uma ikhula futhi ikhule amaqabunga amakhulu asemkhathini, akhona angafinyelela ku-70 cm, futhi abe nobubanzi buka-4-5 cm. Ahlelwe imigqa emibili, ephikisana.

Uyazi? Nakuba iningi lamaqabunga e-hippeastrum lihlukile embala walo ohlaza okwejwayelekile, ngezinhlobo eziningana amaqabunga anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okwenza isitshalo sikhangele ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kokuqhakaza.
Ngokunakekelwa kahle kwi-hippeastrum, i-inflorescence ivela ngezimbali ezingu-2-6. Izimbali zinkulu, ubude bufinyelela ku-15 cm, futhi ububanzi bawo buvame ukuba ngu-25 cm.

Umbala wabo ungahluka kakhulu: kusuka kumhlophe kuya obomvu obomvu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo zenziwa ngendlela yebhokisi, lapho imbewu ye-hippeastrum ivuthwa khona.

Uma sesivuthiwe ngokugcwele, zingasetshenziswa ukutshala nokuthola ama-bulb, inzuzo yokuhluma ingama-100%.

Kodwa-ke, ekhaya elikhulayo lesi simila sinzima kakhulu, njengoba ihluke eziningana zezici:

  1. Kusukela ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhanyayo kanye ezimhlophe ze-hippeastrum cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola imbewu efanelekayo izitshalo ezizayo, njengoba ziyi-hybrid.
  2. Ukuze ukukhula okugcwele kwesitshalo ehlobo, kuhlelwe kahle engadini, prikopat kanye nommbiza emhlabathini.
  3. Naphezu kokuthi kunzima ukufeza izimbali ze-hippeastrum ekhaya, kufanelekile ukulungiswa futhi ukuthi yonke imizamo izokwenziwa ngezinsuku eziyishumi nje zezimbali.

Ukukhetha inkomo ye-hippeastrum

Ubukhulu bebhodlela buzoxhomeka ngokuqondile ngobukhulu be-bulp hippeastrum. Qaphela: uma ubeka i-bulb kufanele ifakwe phakathi kwembiza, ushiye u-5 cm emaphethelweni ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, imbiza yalo mbali kufanele ibe okungenani ubude obuyi-15 cm.

Ngokuqondene nokuphakama kwebhodlela, ngokuphambene nalokho, akufanele kube mkhulu kakhulu, ngoba i-bulb ayidingi ukugcwaliswa ngokuphelele emhlabathini (isigamu sawo esiphezulu sihlala ngaphezu komhlaba). Ngaphezu kwalokho, phansi kwebhodlela kuzodinga ukubeka amanzi emanzini, futhi ngaphezu kwawo kusekhona inhlabathi enkulu.

Ayikho imingcele ecacile mayelana nokuqukethwe kwenkinga ye-hippeastrum, kodwa kusengcono ukusebenzisa izimbiza ezivamile zepulasitiki zalesi sitshalo.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-ceramics ingashiswa ngokujulile elangeni, ngokuvamile idale ukushisa okukhulu kwe-bulb flower. Kulokhu, ukufa kwakhe ngeke kugwenywe.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi ye-hippeastrum

Izimbali zeHippeastrum zifuna ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi ebhodweni, ngakho kufanele zilungiselelwe ngokucophelela.

Imfuneko ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukukhanya komhlabathi, okungasheshe kudlule umswakama ngokwayo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umoya ohambise umoya.

Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi inomanyolo omningi, kanti izinga layo le-acidity alidluli inani le-6 pH.

Kunzima ukuthola inhlanganisela yenhlabathi enjalo ngokuzixuba, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuya esitolo esikhethekile futhi uthenge umhlaba owenziwe ngomumo wezitshalo ezincane zasendlini. Iqiniso nezwe elithengwayo akuyona into engafanele ukwengeza isihlabathi esincane.

Uma, noma kunjalo, unquma ukulungiselela ingxube yenhlabathi ye-hippeastrum ngokwakho, bese usebenzisa izinsimbi ezinjalo (isilinganiso siboniswa izinombolo):

  • inhlabathi-sod inhlabathi (2);
  • umhlabathi weqabunga (1);
  • i-humus (1);
  • peat (1);
  • isanti (1).

Yimuphi ama-hippeastrum ama-bulbs okufanele ngiwakhethe?

Ngokuvamile, ama-hippeastrum azalisa ama-bulbs, angathengwa esitolo sangasese sembali. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhetha ama-bulb, kufanele uhlale uqaphele ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba izinto zokutshala ezonakele zizokulethela inkathazo kuphela.

Kufanelekile ukuwalandela emva kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla, ngoba lesi yisikhathi esihle sokuphoqa imbali.

Isiqinisekiso esibaluleke kunazo zonke sokuthola imbali enkulu futhi enempilo Lokhu kusetshenziswa ama-bulb agcina ukutholakala okwanele kwezakhi. Ngenxa yalokhu, akuyona nje isitshalo esikhulu esizophuma esibhaleni, kodwa kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi sizoqhakaza.

Kodwa ngaphezu kwamakhulu amakhulu, i-bulb kufanele futhi ibe nentamo eqinile nephansi. Yebo, uma izikali ezingaphezulu zizoba zomile futhi zibomvu. Uma kukhona izigxobo kwi-bulb, izindawo ezibomvu noma ezimnyama, ukubola - sekuvele kwehla futhi akufanelekile ukuthenga.

Kodwa ngokuvamile ama-bulbs ayathengiswa hhayi kuphela emasakeni ngaphandle kwenhlabathi, kodwa futhi nasezimbizeni. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngesikhathi kuthengwa imbali, kubalulekile ukuhlola izimpande ze-bulb, okumele kubonakale emgodini ngaphansi kwebhodlela.

I-amp enempilo izoboniswa ngu:

  • izimpande ezimhlophe;
  • eqinile futhi eqinile emzimbeni wokuthinta we-bulb;
  • isomile, isikali esibomvu;
  • ukuntuleka kwezindawo ezimanzi nezishintshile umbala.
Kubalulekile! Uma isitolo sinikeza izaphulelo ezinkulu kuma-hippeastrum ama-bulb, qiniseka ukuthi ubuze abathengisi lokho okuxhunyiwe nabo. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenziwa ekuthengiseni impahla ebolile, nakuba amanani angancishiswa uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqedwa kwesikhathi sokutshala.

Ungaphi indawo ye-gippeastrum?

I-Hippeastrum ithando lokushisa okulinganiselwe, okuyinto ngenkathi yokukhula kwayo ingadluli +23 ˚С, kodwa akufanele iwele ngezansi +17 С.

Kodwa-ke, uma sikhuluma ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwesitshalo, kungcono ukususa isibani esivela ekamelweni bese uyithatha engaphansi, lapho izinga lokushisa likhona +10 С.

Njengoba i-hippeastrum ithanda ilanga eliningi, linendawo kuphela eduze kwefasitela lapho ukukhanya kuwela cishe usuku lonke. Kodwa kuphela imisebe yelanga kufanele ingabonakali ngokuqondile embali, kungcono ukugcoba ifasitela elinyene lezingubo ukuze amaqabunga nezimbali ze-hippeastrum bangashisi ngokwabo.

Kulesi simo, ibhodlela elinembali kufanele lishintshe njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho lingakwazi ukweluleka ngendlela eyodwa.

Ukukhanyisa okuhle kudingekile ku-hippeastrum ngisho nangemva kokuqhakaza, ngoba ngaphandle kwalo, i-bulb kanye nembewu ebhokisini ngeke zikwazi ukuvuthwa ngokugcwele ukuhlwanyela okulandelayo.

Umswakama womoya nawo ubalulekile embali, futhi uma iphansi, kuzodinga ukusifafaza (bukela kuphela amaconsi amanzi ukuze angawa phezu kwezimbali).

Ukutshala nokukhiqizwa kwe-hippeastrum

I-Hippeastrum iphakamisa ukutshala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlamvu nezitshalo zezitshalo ezingasetshenziswa ekhaya. Ungazama ngayinye.

Indlela yembewu

Ukutshala i-hippeastrum embizeni ngenqubo yembewu kuhilela ukuvuthwa okuphelele kwebhokisi elakhiwe ngemuva kokuchichima.

Kubalulekile ukuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi isitshalo sithola izakhi eziwanele, umswakama nokukhanya kwelanga, ngoba kungenjalo imbewu ayikwazi ukuvuthwa.

Uma ibhokisi elinabo limile ngokuphelele, livele liphule, emva kwalokho imbewu ingasetshenziswa ngokushesha ukutshala.

Cabanga ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza imbewu ye-hippeastrum, ngonyaka wokuqala wokuhlwanyela, i-bulb emhlabathini isanda kuqala ukwakha, okusho ukuthi kuphela ngonyaka ozayo ongayinika umcibisholo ngamaqabunga. Kungathatha enye iminyaka engu-1-2 ukuze uthole ukuqhakaza okugcwele.

Noma kunjalo, naphezu kwesidingo sokulinda isikhathi eside ukusila, kubangelwa indlela yezinhlamvu ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola uhlobo lwe-varietal gippeastrum ngokubonakaliswa okucacile kwazo zonke izici.

Izindlela zemifino

Izindlela zokukhiqiza izitshalo ze-hippeastrum zibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwama-bulbs amancane, okwakhiwa eduze nendawo enkulu (ingahlukaniswa kuphela ngemva kokuba ububanzi bufinyelele okungenani u-2 cm), noma ngokuhlukanisa ama-ama zibe izingxenye ezimbili.

Zombili lezi zikhetho zisetshenziselwa ukufakelwa kwembali kuphela, lapho i-bulb igubha ngaphandle kwenhlabathi.

Uma utshalwa i-hippeastrum ngosizo lwamabhomu endodakazi, izimbali ziphinde zenzeke ngonyaka wokuqala. Badinga iminyaka engu-2-3 ukuba bavuthiwe futhi bathole amandla okuzimbali.

Ubuchwepheshe bokufika

Uma ubeka ama-bulb enhlabathini eyayilungiselelwe ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukucabangela ama-nuances alandelayo:

  • imbobo yokugeleza kanye noqweqwe lwamanzi lwamanzi obunwetshiwe noma amatshe kumele abe khona embizeni yembali, engeke ivumele umswakama ukuba uphume;
  • lapho utshala, i-bulb ayifinyelele enhlabathini ngokuphelele - ingxenye yayo engenhla kumele ihlale ingaphezulu kwendawo;
  • ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo, kubalulekile ukuvuselela inhlabathi izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngonyaka, kusukela i-gippeastrumas inamathela kakhulu emithonjeni, futhi ayidingi ukudluliswa okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala noma ukufakelwa kabusha ama-bulbs kunezikali kuwo ezikhishwa kalula ngeminwe yakho, kungcono ukuzisusa ngokushesha, njengoba sezivele zifile futhi zizobola ekuthintaneni nomswakama.

Ukukhula kwe-hippeastrum embizeni

Uma ukhula i-hippeastrum ekhaya, izimbali kufanele zinikezwe ukunakwa okuningi nokunakekelwa. Nakuba kujwayelekile ukuhlinzeka indawo enhle yokukhula, ukuphuza nokudla, nokho lesi sitshalo sinesidingo sayo kuzo zonke lezi zici.

Ukuphuza i-Hippeastrum

I-Hippeastrum ekuniseleni i-whimsical, ngoba ayikwazi ukugcwala amanzi noma ivumeleke ukubekezelela ukungabi nomswakama. Kanti futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula ngasinye sembali, kudinga ibhalansi yamanzi ekhethekile:

  1. Iningi lamanzi e-hippeastrum ludinga ngesikhathi sezimbali. Ngokuyinhloko, kuze kube umcibisholo onesiqu se-flower ukhule ube ngu-15 cm, ukuchelela kumele kube okulinganayo, okuvumela ukuba ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi lume phakathi kwamanzi.

    Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha emva kokuvela kwezimbali, ukuchelela kufanele kuthuthukiswe, nakuba lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele kube khona inhlanzi ebhodweni. Umswakama okweqile ungonakalisa i-hippeastrum.

  2. Esikhathini ngaphambi nangemva kokuqhakaza, ukuchelela kufanele futhi kube okulinganiselwe, nesendlalelo esiphezulu somhlabathi omile.

  3. Uma lesi sitshalo sithunyelwe ukuphumula, sidinga umswakama okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanelekile ukwenza uketshezi oluningi emhlabathini.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amanzi akufanele awe e-bulb - kufanele athululelwe kuphela enhlabathini.

Umanyolo nokugqoka

Umanyolo we-hippeastrum kumele ukhethwe ngokusekelwe esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa kwembali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukushintsha phakathi kwamaminerali nezithako eziphilayo.

Njengokuqala, kungcono ukuthenga umanyolo okhethekile okwenzelwe izitshalo ezincane zasendlini. Ukondla i-gippeastrum kudlula ngalolu hlelo:

  • lapho izitshalo ziqhakaza, sicebisa inhlabathi nge nitrogen, potassium ne-phosphorus;
  • lapho isitshalo seluqala ukukhula kusuka ku-ampu - nge nitrogen ne-potassium;
  • Inyanga ngaphambi kokuba isitshalo sifinyelele esiteji sokuphumula, konke ukudla kumele kumiswe.
Okuhle kunawo onke ama-hippeastrum aphendule ngokufaka umanyolo ngama-fertilizer. Ngokuvamile, kubalulekile ukutshala inhlabathi njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo izakhi azikwazi ukusetshenziswa enhlabathini eyomile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma utshalwe kabusha kuphela noma utshale i-hippeastrum - ukudla kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwenyanga eyodwa.

Indlela yokwenza i-gippeastrum iqhakaze?

Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi i-bulb inikeza imicibisholo ngamaqabunga iminyaka eminingana elandelanayo, kodwa i-flower stem ayibonakali kuyo. Isizathu sokuqala singase sincane kakhulu anyanisi, esingenamandla okwanele okuqhakaza, nakuba izizathu zingase zifihlwe ukunakekelwa:

  1. Uma isibani sincane, kufanele sondliwe kuye ukuze sithole amandla, bese emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa kuyoba khona izimbali.

    Ukuze ukondle isibani esinjalo, sebenzisa i-potassium ne-nitrogen, futhi ungakhohlwa ukukunikeza ukukhanya okuningi.

    Ngokukhulisa okukhulu, i-bulb ayidingi isikhathi eside, okungukuthi, ukondliwa kwe-hippeastrum kungenziwa kuze kuvele ukuhamba kwe-peduncle.

  2. Ukuze imbali ibonakale, kubalulekile ukuba i-bulb iphinde iphinde ibe namandla futhi ibeke umcibisholo ovela emva kwamapheshana amane kuphela.

  3. Isizathu sokuntuleka kwezimbali kungaba ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco, okunamandla kakhulu i-bulb ngeke inikeze ithuba lokukhulula umcibisholo.

    Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, zama ukushintsha isisindo somhlaba njalo ngonyaka embizeni ngesitshalo, bese uyibuyisela njalo eminyakeni emibili.

    Futhi, yenza ukudla okulungile futhi okufika ngesikhathi ngokuhambisana nezidingo zembali.

  4. Qaphela ukukhanya okwanele, ngoba lapho kungekho khona i-hippeastrum ethandekayo ngeke futhi iqhakaze. Ngesinye isikhathi, ngisho nasesikhathini esidlulile, i-bulb kufanele ishiywe kwi-window sill ekhanyayo.

  5. Kunzima ukufeza izimbali ze-hippeastrum emiphakathini evulekile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi awukho ngaphezu kuka-5 cm ohlala e-bulb kuya ezindongeni zebhodini, futhi kungcono uma kusele 3 cm kuphela.

  6. Ngemuva kwezimbali ngasinye, thumela isitshalo ukuphumula, okufanele sihlale ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3. Ngalesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukuba imbali ihlale endaweni epholile futhi emnyama.
Uyazi? I-Hippeastrum itholakala endle. Ezingxenyeni ezishisayo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-75 zalesi simbali, kanti nakuba izinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-hippeastrum zasendlini ziyingcosana izikhathi eziningana, ziyakhanya kakhulu.

Isikhathi sokuphumula nokufakelwa kabusha

I-Hippeastrum idinga ukunakekelwa futhi emva kokuchichima. Udinga ukusiza ukuhluma futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukufakelwa kabusha kungasiza kakhulu.

Iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo silungele ukuphumula, uzobe ushukunywe amaqabunga ayo nama-bulb ngesayizi (futhi impela imbali ephelile).

Konke okunye, isitshalo singathathwa ngqo emgumbini ngamagqabi. Ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3, i-bulb izothatha zonke izakhi ezisuka emaqabungeni bese ikwazi ukuthola amandla okunye okutshala izimbali kanye nezimbali. Amaqabunga angasuswa kuphela ngemuva kokuba aphuzi futhi aome.

I-Hippeastrum izobe isilungele ukufakelwa ama-bulb, ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi noma ngemva kwayo.

Phakathi nenkathi yokukhula okusebenzayo kwamaqabunga kanye nezimbali, lesi sitshalo akufanele sithinteke, ngoba ukuphathwa okunjalo kuzophazanyisa ukukhula kwayo futhi kungabhubhisa.

Kungenzeka ukutshala le mbali kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili, kodwa, ukuguquka kwonyaka nakho ngeke kuphazamise.

Izinambuzane nezifo ze-hippeastrum

Uma kwenzeka imikhuba engafanele yezolimo ku-hippeastruma, izinambuzane zingabonakala ezibalulekile ukuthi zibhubhise ngokushesha:

  1. Uma ubona i-aphid embali edla amaqabunga e-leaf, i-Actellic izosiza ukususa.

  2. I-Mealybugs ene-lesion enkulu ingabhubhisa ngokuphelele lesi sitshalo, ngoba ayithinteki kuphela amaqabunga, kodwa futhi ne-bulb. Uma isitshalo sithintekile kakhulu, kungcono ukuyilahle.

    Ngokuvamile, izimpethu kumele ziqoqwe kusuka ku-hippeastrum besebenzisa indwangu ehambelana namanzi asozini. Kusukela ezindaweni ezinzima ukuya ekufinyeleleni, zingafinyelelwa nge-gauze zifakwe ku-cologne, ziboshwe eshalofini.

    Ukusetshenziswa kwe-karbofos nakho kusiza (amaconsi angu-20-40 wezinto ezifakiwe ayengezwa ku-1 l amanzi okupuniza).

  3. Lapho amaqabunga e-gippeastrum ehlanganiswa nesiqhumane sesiliva kanye nama-cobwebs, lokhu cishe kubangelwa ukuba khona kwesicabucabu esihlahleni.

    Kubalulekile ukulwa nalo ngokususa amaqabunga abathintekile futhi uwageze ngamanzi afudumele. Ukuvimbela okwenzekayo, njalo uvimbele igumbi lapho i-gippeastrum imele khona.

Phakathi kwezifo ezingenzeka, isitshalo esichazwe sitholakala kalula. i-anthracnose ne-mosaic ye-viral. Ukulwa nesifo sokuqala, uzodinga isidakamizwa "Studyzol", okuyinto yokwelashwa okufanele kwenziwe ngezikhathi ezithile kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-14.

Kodwa akusizi ngalutho ukulwa nobuciko, ngakho-ke isitshalo esithintekayo singasuswa ngokushesha.

Ukutshala nokunakekela i-hippeastrum kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kudinga ukubekezela okuningi kumlimi. Kumelwe ulungiselele ukuthi lesi sitshalo asikhiqizi izimbali zonyaka, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa imbewu yokutshala noma ama-bulbs akho.

Ngeke ukwazi ukubona izimbali ku-hippeastrum ngisho noma ungamniki ukunakekelwa okudingekayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala ukukhula imbali, funda yonke imininingwane yale nqubo.

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