Ukukhuphula ama-apula we-Medunitsa ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni kwekwindla njengokungathi kusetshenziswe kabusha futhi kusetshenziswe.
Izithelo ezinomsoco ezincane ezinamakha amaqanda amnandi ajwayele ukwenza ama-dessert, iziphuzo ezihlukahlukene, amakhemikhali kanye nokulondoloza, okugxotshiwe nokuphekwa.
Umlando wokuzala
Abalimi beza kuqala bahlangana noMedunitsa phakathi nekhulu lokugcina.
Izithelo zomuncu omnandi ziwumphumela wokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili: i-Cinnamon Stripe ne-Welsey. USI. Isaev, umzalisi owaziwayo wasekhaya, uprofesa waseMoscow State University, uhlukanise iMedunitsu evela ezinhlobonhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ezenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwakhe.
Ukukhethwa kwegama lomlobi kuhlotshaniswa nokunambitheka okwehlukile kwesithelo esilandelayo kanye nenkumbulo yembali enhle enhlobonhlobo yaseLungwort.
Uhlobo luni?
Idume ngokwanele Izihlobo zasehlobo ekupheleni kuka-Agasti ziveza isivuno esikhulu. Ngenxa yokukwazi komuthi ukuzitholela impova, iveza izithelo ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezimbi.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo zivame kakhulu ensimini yezifunda ezizungezile: I-Belarus ne-Ukraine.
Umuthi we-Apple ujabule ihambelana nezimo zamaqhwa ezinzima zama-frosty. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ukhule endaweni yesifundazwe esikhulu saseRussia: eningizimu yezwe nasemgwaqeni ophakathi, kuze kube seSiberia. Kuvamile ezindaweni ezisenyakatho.
Fresh, nje kuthathwe amagatsha babe nezimfanelo ukunambitheka omuhle kakhulu. Isitoreji sesikhathi esifushane asishintshi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwesithelo.
Isethulo sama-apula sihlala izinyanga ezimbili ekamelweni elipholile (isibonelo, esiteji). Isiqandisisi sisiza ukwandisa impilo yesheluli enye inyanga.
Incazelo izinhlobo Medunitsa
Umuthi we-apula umuthi omude onomqhele obanzi kakhulu we-pyramidal kanye namagatsha ahamba nge-angle esiphuthumayo esiqwini.
Ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene bamaqabunga bubucayi kuze kube yilapho kuthinta khona, kuhlanganiswa amahlumela ahlaza. Esigatsheni esiphakanyisiwe maphakathi neshidi kukhona encane, njengokungathi iphethini ye-displaced.
Amanzi aphansi emhlabathini ayesabeki kakhulu emthini: uhlelo olujulile lwezimpande lusiza isitshalo ukubhekana nomswakama owedlulele.
Ubukhulu obuphakathi izithelo ezine-pulp enemibala ye-lemon-umbala ophuzi zimbozwe ngesikhumba esincane esincane futhi sinciphise amagremu angu-100 kuya kwangu-150. Umbala wezithelo usuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi, ngokuvamile uhlotshiswe ngokugqama okuqinile ngokungezwa kwemivimbo ebomvu.
Ifomu evamile lihlanganisiwe-izakhi, izithelo ezinamapulangwe azivamile. Ama-apula avuthwe ngokungalingani ngenxa ye-shading ehlukene futhi angahlali emthini.
Isikhathi se-fruiting siza cishe eminyakeni emihlanu emva kokutshala isithombo. Isivuno sesilinganiso sipheze ngo-180kg umuthi ngamunye. Eminyakeni eyishumi, isivuno esikhulu sama-apula singavuna njalo ngonyaka, khona-ke kukhona ukuguqulwa kwesikhashana seminyaka ephakeme noma ephansi.
Isithombe
Ungakwazi ukuzibona uzibonele ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ze- "Medunitsa" ze-apula esithombeni esingezansi:
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
I-apula yemifino ye-Medunitsa ayinokuzithoba, kepha izidingo ezithile kufanele zibhekwe ngesikhathi sokutshala.
Isikhathi sokufika sizoxhomekeka endaweni yendawo yezulu futhi kufanele sinqunywe ngokunembile. Ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni naseningizimu yaseRussia, kunconywa ukuthi izihlahla ze-apula zihlwanyelwe ekupheleni kukaSeptemba - phakathi noNovemba kanye nokugcinwa komthetho wamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ngaphambi kokufika kwesithwathwa.
Ukutshala izitshalo kwenziwa ezindaweni ezincane zeqhwa nasezindaweni lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze.
Kubalulekile ukukhetha ukuvula indawo, lapho isitshalo sinikezwa khona ngokwanele kwelanga.
Uma ubeka ingadi, kubalulekile ukucabangela usayizi omkhulu we "Medunitsa" futhi ukhethe izindawo zezithombo ngendlela yokuthi kancane kancane izihlahla zingaboni ukukhanya komunye nomunye. Ngokulandelana, ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo linqunywe yi-4, 5 m, kanti isikhala phakathi kwemigqa singu-5 m.
Umhlabathi owufanele kakhulu uhamba ngamanzi okwanele okwenziwe kahle kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zokugeleza.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zikhetha inhlabathi evundile, ene-oxygen.
Umgodi, lapho umanyolo nomxube wehlabathi uchitheka khona, kufanele ube kabili ubukhulu bezimpande. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ngaphambi kokutshala umhlaba osetshenzisiwe kufanele uxazulule, futhi umquba kufanele uchithe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulungisa umgodi kusengaphambili.
Ukumba umhlaba nxazonke kuyokwengeza emhlabathini umoya omoya odingekayo yisitshalo esincane sokondla.
Intamo yentambo ye-seedling akufanele ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele umhlaba, kodwa 8-10 cm ngaphezu kwendawo.
Emva kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi amanzi (2 - 3 amabhakede, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umswakama wenhlabathi unjani).
Kuboshwe eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokukhula emigodini, izithombo ngeke ziphulwe ngumoya noma iqhwa futhi zizogcina i-trunk.
Ukukhula emhlabathini ovundile nezimo zezulu ezithandekayo akuvimbeli ukunakekela ngokucophelela umuthi we-apula.
Umuthi okhulayo oqinile udinga ukusika izihlahla ngonyaka. Kuqhutshwa ngo-Mashi emva kwephutha lokuphuza. Khona-ke, ukusika izihlahla kuphela kuyenziwa.
Le nqubo iyathinta inani lesitshalo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uyifinyelele ngokufanele.
Ukunisela kuyadingeka kuphela ngesomiso esihlala njalo. Ngokwesilinganiso, inani lamanzi lingama-5 amabhakede, kodwa ukubalwa kuncike ekupheleni kweminyaka yezithelo.
Umswakama okweqile uthinta ikhwalithi yesithelo futhi kubangela ukubola kwezimpande.
Izitshalo kufanele zisetshenziswe ukusheshisa ukukhula nokukhulelwa. Uma usebenzisa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ngokuvumelana nemiyalelo. Umthelela omubi ekukhuleni nasekukhuliseni umanyolo owedlulele.
Izihlahla ze-Apple, ikakhulukazi izitshalo ezincane zaseMedunitsa, zidinga ukuvikelwa ngokucophelela ebusika. Amagxolo abo avame ukulimazwa ngamagundane. I-trunk ehlanganiswe ngezinto eziphahleni noma eziboshwe ngamagatsha ase-spruce ngeke zifinyeleleke kulabo abathanda ukudla amagxolo.
Umuthi kufanele uvikeleke ngokukhethekile ngesikhathi seqhwa elibi. Lapha kusiza ungqimba obukhulu obunomanyolo oqinile, ofaka umuthi we-apula. Ingqimba yokuzivikela ingandiswa ngeqhwa.
Ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane
I-Medunitsa ayimelana nezifo ze-fungal, kodwa namanje, ngezinye izikhathi zithola lezi ezihlukahlukene ze-apula. Ukwehliswa kwe-autumn nokwasentwasahlobo kwesiqu kuyovikela isihlahla emiphumeleni emibi yefungi, ukubola kanye nezinambuzane ezinambuzane ezinambuzane.
Amabala amnyama angase avele emagatsheni, amaqabunga nezithelo zezihlahla ezinganakiwe, okukhombisa isifo esibi kakhulu - isikhumba.
Izingxube zamakhemikhali zisetshenziselwa ukulwa nokutheleleka. Isixazululo se-ammonium nitrate (10%) sisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kokuqala kwentwasahlobo yombuthano we-trunk.
Phakathi nenkathi yokuhluma, ukuchithwa kwesisombululo se-1-3% samakhemikhali e-Bordeaux senziwa, kanti isimo sezulu esiphuthumayo sakhiwa ngokuqinile.
Ukwelashwa kwesibili ngesisombululo esifanayo - emva kokusila. Uma kunesidingo, emva kwamasonto amathathu, le nqubo ingabuyekezwa. Ehlobo, i-copper carbonate fungicides nayo isebenza.
Ukuvimbela okwesikhashana kuyindlela eyinhloko yokubhekana nalesi sifo esiyingozi esithinta izihlahla zezithelo.
I-Medunitsa iyinhlobonhlobo ehlukile. Ngisho nalapho ama-pores of ripeness ephelele efinyelelekile, izithelo ezimnandi futhi ezinomsoco ziyisidlo esiyintandokazi yabantu abaningi.
