Ukuziqhenya kwe-Garden Ural - eliphakathi kweSverdlovchanka

Akuzona zonke izinhlobonhlobo zamapheya ezikhona njengoba zidalwe ngokwemvelo.

Abaningi babo babeyizithunywa zasendle ezilethwe emahlathini.

Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngosizo lokuzalana, zaziwa kabanzi nezinhlobo ezithandekayo ezinezinzuzo eziningi. Iphakathi kweSverdlovchanka Enye yalezi zinhlobo incazelo, isithombe nokubuyekeza okuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko.

Uhlobo luni lwamapheya alubhekisela?

Sverdlovchanka izihlobo zehlobo ekwindla amapheya, kuye ngesifunda sokulima. Hlunga i-hardy ebusika, ukumelana okuqinile neqhwa. Kuzo izithelo ezikuyo yi-dessert.

Ehlobo yilolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi: Severyanka, Fairy Tonkowetka, Chizhovskaya kanye Duchess.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

Eziteshini zokuhlola zaseSaratov naseSverdlovsk besebenzisa impova "Lukashovka Fields"inhlanganisela yempova evela ezinhlobonhlobo eziseningizimu yasithola lokhu okuhlukahlukene UL. A. Kotov noG. V. Kondratiev.

Khumbula, izinhlobo ezithile ebusika kumele zimboze!.

Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Sverdlovchanka

Cabanga ngezinhlobonhlobo zepeydi Sverdlovchanka, incazelo yezici zangaphandle zomuthi nezithelo.

Isihlahla

Ukukhula komuthi akudluli izinkomba eziphakathi. Umqhele awukhuni kakhulu, uhlukile isimo se-round compact ne-pyramidal. Umbala wamagxolo namagatsha omzimba wamagundane amnyama nge-tinge eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amagatsha amakhulu aphakama phezulu futhi oneminyaka yabo emibili increments ukuthi fruiting igxile.

On amahlumela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka azikho imiphetho. Amaqabunga anemibala enhle kakhulu, enemibala eluhlaza, ifomu lawo li-ovateid. Ipuleti leshidi lihle kakhulu, amaphethelo alo ashintshiwe. Iziqu ezindala nezinhlamvu ezincane ze-saber.

Izimbali zimhlophe, zisayizi obukhulu, ziphekiwe. Ezingeni elilodwa ne-pistils yi-anthers. Izimbali zalezi zihlukahlukene zenzeka ngosuku olwedlule.

Isithelo

Izithelo zisebushelelezi, zenzeke nxazonke. Isilinganiso sesisindo sesithelo sihluka kusuka ku 130 g kuya ku-180 g. Ama-pears aphelile ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ehlwitha kancane, okubonakala ohlangothini lwelanga lwesithelo. Kodwa ngobuningi bombala wokugqoka awukho nhlobo.

Amabala angaphansi komhlaba ahloniphekile, afakwe futhi eluhlaza. Amakamelo embewu avaliwe, isoso esingajulile futhi esikhulu, inhliziyo evulekile.

U-Sverdlovchanka wathola i-dessert yebanga ngenxa yethando elimnandi nelincanyana le-pulp, elinomqondo ophezulu wejusi. Isithelo sinomsindo oqinile, inyama ine-oily structure, cishe ngaphandle granules.

Lezi zinhlobo eziphakathi kwamaparezi zingaziqhenya ngendlela enhle kakhulu: Rogneda, Karataevskaya, Pamyati Zhegalova, Yanvarskaya naseKrasulya.

Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali ezinhlobonhlobo zepeydi Sverdlovchanka:

Isithombe

Izici

Ezihlukahlukene ezihlakulela zihlukile ukumelana nokushisa okuhleIngakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa kuze kube ku -38 ° C ngaphandle kokulimala.

Kodwa uma kunikezwa izimo ze-Urals Ephakathi, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yaso enyakatho, lezi zikhombisi zibhekwa njengezijwayelekile. Kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukutshala i-Sverdlovchanka esikhwameni esinzima sasebusika.

Izinhlobo eziphakathi kwamapheya zihlukaniswa nokuphikiswa okuhle kwamaqhwa: Svetlyanka, Severyanka, Severyanka obomvu-cheeked, Fairy Tale no Skorospelka eMichurinsk.

Qala Izithelo zokuvuthwa kwenzeka ngo-Agasti ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi zingahlala kuze kube ngu-Okthoba, uma isifunda esikhulayo sisenyakatho. Uma ukuvuthwa okukhishwayo kwesithelo kuza ehlobo, amapheya angeke alahlekelwe isethulo sakhe futhi ungaqhubeki isikhathi eside. Izithelo, ezathathwa ngo-Okthoba, zivuthiwe ngesikhathi sokugcina.

Sverdlovchanka akakwazi ukuzitholela impova. Ngoba i-ovary yesithelo esakhiweni sinconywa ukutshala ezinye izinhlobo zepeyari ngezikhathi ezahlukene zezimbali.

Umuthi omncane uqala ukukhiqiza ekuqaleni, kakade 3-4 ngonyaka emva kokugoma. Ngonyaka isivuno sanda ngokushesha.

Umuthi ugcwele kakhulu futhi njalo, unomkhiqizo ongaphezu kuka-200 kg / ha.

Izitshalo eziphezulu zivame ukuboniswa: Oryol Beauty, Hera, Cosmic, Autumn Yakovleva noNoyabrskaya.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla, kufanele kube kuhle hlola umonakalo wezimpande noma amagatsha. Susa amagatsha angaphezu noma awonakele kanye nezimpande, ushiya kuphela okukhulu kakhulu.

Iphakathi ikhetha isanti ne-lime loam. Kusemhlabathini onjalo ukuthi amapheya ase-Ural akhule kakhulu. Ubuningi bomhlabathi omnyama kulokhu luzoba yingozi.

Ngakho-ke, ukusakazwa okhethekile kweSverdlovsk nezinhlobo ezifanayo zamukelwe yonke insimu ye-Nonchernozem ibheke eSt. Petersburg.

KUBALULEKILE: Kungenzeka ukutshala umuthi omncane kokubili entwasahlobo, nangokuwa. Kodwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kusengcono, kusukela ekwindla ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu izimpande zomuthi zingase zingabi nesikhathi sokuhlala.

Indawo yokukhetha ilanga futhi ivulekile. Ipey ikhula kangcono uma ithola ilanga elanele. Umgodi ulungiswe cishe ngesonto ngaphambi kokutshala.

Ubukhulu bayo kufanele kube Ububanzi buka-70 cm no-1 m ububanzi. Umhlabathi emgodini ngokwawo udinga ukukhulula futhi uqhube isigxobo phakathi. Khona-ke i-hillock encane igcwele inhlabathi engxenyeni engenhla yomhlaba exutshwe nama-fertilizer.

I-sapling ifakwa phezulu kwesikhomba futhi izimpande zayo zisakazeka ngendabuko kuzo zonke izinkomba. Intamo yentambo akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-5-7 cm ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Ngemuva kwegodi lilele futhi lihlanganiswe kancane.

Ukuze ukuchelela okuhle nekhwalithi ephakeme kuzungeze isiqu udinga ukwenza umgodlana omncane. Bese uchitha umuthi otshalwe amabhakede amabili amanzi bese umboza nge-mulch noma humus.

ISIFUNDO: Kuze kube yilapho isithombo sinqotshwe ngokugcwele, kufanele siphuze njalo njalo ngenyanga.

Ipeyari ayifuni kakhulu ukuchelela ngenxa yezimpande ezide kakhulu ezikwazi ukukhipha amanzi emhlabathini ngisho nasezikhathini zokuntuleka kwemvula. Ukunisela kwenziwa kathathu ehloboAwekho amapheya adingekayo ngaphandle kwezikhathi zesomiso esinzima.

Ngemva kokuphuza umhlabathi oseduze nomuthi, udinga ukuwukhulula kancane ukuhlinzeka nge-oxygen ukufinyelela ohlelweni lwempande. Izinga lokunisela isikhathi esisodwa yizibhakede ezintathu.

Yondla uma ukukhula komuthi omncane kubambezeleka. Izitshalo kumele zisetshenziswe kusukela ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala nasezinyangeni zasehlobo.

Izitshalo ezifana peat and humus, okumele kuqala ixutshwe nomhlabathi bese ufakwa emgodini.

Ungakwazi ukusika umuthi ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Kodwa esimweni sezulu sase-Ural Sverdlovchanka izikhwebu entwasahloboUkuze ungafaki umuthi ekwindla, ngenxa yezici zokushisa. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, isikhathi sokusika sizinandaba.

KUBALULEKILE: Ukunciphisa ehlobo akunconywa, ngoba kanye namagatsha, kanye nengxenye yamacembe asusiwe, okungalungile impilo yomuthi.

Umqhele unqunywe ukwakheka kwawo okufanele futhi uhlelwe kahle. Ukusoka kuqala kusukela ngonyaka wokuqala wokufika futhi iyaqhubeka kuze kube sekufeni komuthi.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokwakhiwa komqhele:

• Wonke umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe nge-pruner ebukhali.
• Ukusoka kwenziwa kuphela uma kwenzeka isimo sezulu esifudumele, kungenjalo isihlahla esonakele singase sife uma kwenzeka izinhlanhla zengozi.
• Umshini wokumisa iminyaka emibili unqunywe ebangeni elingamamitha amahlanu ukusuka emhlabathini.
• I-trunk eyinhloko ifinyelelwe yikota.
• Umqhele owenziwe ngomnyaka ukuze ugweme ukuqina kwawo nokuqinisekisa ukukhanya kwelanga kuwo wonke amagatsha.
• Amagatsha anqunywe ngaphansi kwendandatho, engashiyi i-hemp.
• Indawo ye-Spilov ehlanganiswe ne-pitch noma ipende.
• Njengoba kunikezwe ukuphakama okukhulu kwesithwathwa esifundeni saseSverdlovsk, kuyafaneleka ukukhathalela kuphela inani elanele leqhwa eduze nezimpande. Ukumboza i-shtamb nomqhele ngisho nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho akusizi kahle.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Sverdlovchanka iphikisana kakhulu nezifo ezihlukahlukene, kufaka ku //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, ukugqwala nama-bacterium ashise.

Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo zokuzivikela ziyoba ngokwanele.

Kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho eyisisekelo yokwakha umuthi onempilo:

• Ukuhlanzwa okugunyaziwe komjikelezo wempande kumkhula uyanciphisa ukuphindaphinda kwamagciwane nama-parasites.
• Ukumba njalo inhlabathi nakho kuthuthukisa izinga layo.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali amaminerali kushintsha ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlala kwezinambuzane kanye nezifo eziphilayo.
• Ukuqoqwa kwesikhashana nokushiswa kwamaqabunga awile, kanye nokubhujiswa kwe-carrion.
• Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nazo zihlanganisa ukupuniza ngezinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane, izinambuzane nezinambuzane. Lungisa umthamo nesilinganiso semithi kufanele uqaphele ngokukhethekile. Ukulinganiselwa ngokweqile kuyingozi ezitshalweni nakubantu.

Ukuphikiswa kwezifo kukhona: Bere Russkaya, Chuddesnitsa, Feeriya, Silent Don noTalgar ubuhle.

I-Sverdlovchanka iyindlela enhle kakhulu yabalimi abasemuva, ngenxa yokulula kwayo. Futhi enye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingakhula emazingeni aphansi kakhulu.