Ukuphela kokuphela komndeni wezitshalo - umhlanga umhlanga uvame ukutholakala emapaki asezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Lesi sitshalo sibukeka kahle emakhazeni futhi lapho sihlobisa amachibi okufakelwa, singathobeki ekunakekelweni futhi singagcini emhlabathini. Abalimi be-flower balinganisela amaqabunga aluhlaza aluhlaza ngemicu emhlophe noma ephuzi ehlobisa. Elinye igama lesi sitshalo yi-flyaris noma i-dvukistochnik. Izimbali ze-Pharis azimele isithakazelo sokuhlobisa, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa ukuklama izinga lokulima ngezwe ngenxa yamaqabunga awo okuqala.
Incazelo ye-botanical
Utshani lwe-canary ungowomndeni wezitshalo. Igama lesitshalo livela egameni le-canary. Imbewu yayo esikhathini esedlule yayivame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlinzeka izinkukhu, kuhlanganise nezinyosi.
Umndeni uhlanganisa: i-rye, amabhungane, ibhali lommbila, i-millet, i-triticale, ukolweni, no-timothy utshani, utshani obunotshani, utshani bomhlanga, uhlaka lombhede, i-bezosti bonfire, i-fescue, i-chumizu nezinye izitshalo eziningi.
Ukukhula okungapheli kukhula kuze kufike ku-2 m, kune-rhizome ehamba ngezinyoni, kubhekise amaqabunga amade nama-buds-inflorescences. Umbala wamaqabunga uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngezimpaphe ezimhlophe noma ezimhlophe ze-oblong. Isakazwa ama-rhizomes. 
Kugcwele ngenhloso yokuhlobisa nokufisa ifolda. Ezindaweni zezitshalo eziguquguqukayo eziguquguqukayo ziyalinywa. Iqhakaza kusukela phakathi nohlobo kuze kube sekwindla yokuqala. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-25 ze-canary zikhethile insimu kusukela endaweni ye-steppe kuya eziqhingini. Izinhlobo zasendle zitholakala emabhange ezinqolobane. Ikhula kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi eYurophu, e-Asia, eMelika.
Izinhlobo
Esimweni sasendle, kunezinhlobo ezingu-16 ze-canary: i-phalaris amethystine, i-phalaris angusta, i-phalaris yamanzi, iphalaris arundinacea, i-phalaris brachystachys, i-phalaris californica nabanye.
Okusabalala kakhulu esitshalweni esitholiwe i-canarian futhi i-canary yomhlanga. 
Izinhlobo ze Canary Canary ze-canary, ezitshalwa ngedimu yokuhlobisa:
- "Feesey". Isibonakaliso sokwehlukahluka yiziqabunga eziluhlaza ezinemibala ende emide, ende longitudinal. Kusetshenziswe kabanzi ekuklanyeleni kwezwe. Ukushisa okuncane nokukhula kahle entwasahlobo nasekwindla;
- "Luteopicta". Umnikazi wezigqoko ezihlukile eziphuzi. Ekushiseni, imivimbo iphendukile futhi umbala wamaqabunga uyaphela;
- "I-Picta " - enye yezitshalo ezindala zokuhlobisa. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka ama-cream longitudinal;
- "Tricolor" waqamba igama lokuthi kusukela ngezikhathi ezibandayo amaqabunga awo aluhlaza abe yi-pinkish.
Ukuzala
Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuzalanisa zithandwa: i-vegetative kanye nenzalo.
Ngisho noma ungaqhubeki ukusabalalisa isikhathi eside, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi emva kweminyaka engu-3-5 yokukhula endaweni eyodwa, i-canary izokhula, futhi isihlahla ngeke sigcine kahle kahle. Kulesi simo, kuyodingeka uhlale.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla izingxenye ezilinganayo kanye nokufakelwa kabusha kuyenzeka ekwindla, ngakho-ke isitshalo sinesikhathi sokungenelela ebusika. Ngaphambi kokushintsha enhlabathini yenza ingxube yezakhi. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngokujula kwe-10-15 cm, ukuze uhlelo lwempande lungakhuthuka.
Uyazi? Emithi yokwelapha, i-canary yayisetshenziswa njenge-tonic jikelele. Bafaka ufulawa embewu yabo futhi babhaka isinkwa esinempilo. Ukuvunwa kwembewu kuqoqwe kahle kusuka esitshalweni esine-3-4 ubudala.
Cuttings - Lena indlela engavamile kakhulu yokukhiqiza, ngoba idinga ukutshala ingxenye yesitshalo enhlabathini enezakhi ezinamanzi amaningi. Ngale ndlela, i-flylaris ingasakazwa kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi.
Ngaphezu kokuhlukanisa isihlahla nokusika, ukuphela kungasakazwa yi-rhizome kanye nembewu.
Imbewu
Entwasahlobo, ngo-Ephreli - Meyi, lapho inhlabathi ivuselela kahle, hlwayela imbewu. 
Imbewu ye-canary Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi yokutshala kuhlanganisa ukukhululeka nokudala izimbobo.
Uma le ndawo ingamahloni noma i-clayey, inhlabathi enokondla ingeziwe ngaphambi kokutshala emithonjeni. Imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala ingahluma ngaphambi kwensika yenzalo yenzalo.
Ukuze kuhlume, imbewu ibeke ngaphansi kwezindwangu zamanzi. Inhlabathi yokuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele ibe semanzi. Ifomu lokufika - ukuzalanisa.
Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigodi elingama 20-25 cm lidala isikhala esidingekayo sitshalo ngasinye. Amahlumela avela ngosuku olungu-10-15. Lapho inhlabathi iyomile, yenza ukuchelela okwengeziwe. Isitshalo esikhulayo asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Uyazi? Inzalo ye-canary ingokwezihlobo ezinhle zokudla kwezinyoni. Endle, i-canary enotshani ikhula eCanary Islands. Indlela yakhe eya eYurophu yahamba kanye nama-canaries. Imbewu engapheli iyoba isondlo esiphelele samaprothiros ezilwane. Ukuze uthole ama-parrot amakhulu ama-macaw ne-cockatoo, akunconywa ukuba ufake imbewu ye-canary ekudleni.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukulungiswa komhlaba kuhlanganisa ukukhulula nokufaka izivimbelo zokukhula kwezimpande. Utshani lwe-canary lubhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezilukhuni zezitshalo.
I-rhizome yayo enwabuzelayo ngokushesha ithola amasimu amasha. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, isitshalo singatshala ebhakedeni elidala noma kwimbuthano yensimbi, ibuyele enhlabathini ngo-20-30 cm. Ukutshala ukujula akufanele kudlule u-15 cm.
I-Rhizome ikhule kahle kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Ukukhiqizwa yi-rhizomes, isihlahla sitshalwe kanye nezimpande futhi sihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana. Ingxenye ngayinye ehlathini ihlezi emgodini owehlukile ngaphambili. Ngale ndlela ungakwazi ukubeka i-flyaris entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. 
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izinhlayiya zokudla zizohlala zijabule ngamafomu aphelele kanye nombala weqabunga elihlukile. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, lesi sitshalo asidingi ukudla. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umzamo omkhulu usetshenziswe ngodayari ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwempande.
Funda ngezitshalo zokuhlobisa izitshalo zensimu yakho.
Ngakho-ke, ukuphakama kwesihlahla akufinyeleli usayizi ophezulu. Ukwandisa ubukhulu behlathi kuphakanyiswa ukunciphisa amaqabunga. Ekupheleni kwebusika amaqabunga ahlulwa. Lesi sitshalo asidingi izimo ezikhethekile zokubusika.
Ukunisela
Naphezu kokubekezela kwesomiso, i-canary idinga ukuchelela. Ngokuntuleka kwamaqabunga omswakama kuphelile. Ngakho-ke, imodi yokunisela ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile - 1 isikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-5 ngokuningi. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwehlobo - 1 isikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3 njengoba inhlabathi iyoma. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izitshalo kuphela ezikhulile zibekezelela isomiso kahle.
Umswakama
Lesi sitshalo singakhula enhlabathini enomanzi emabhange. Kodwa ukuqhuma kwamanzi kunomthelela omubi ekuthuthukiseni kwawo: ukukhula kwesimiso sempande kuyashesha, ukubola kwempande kungaqala.
Ukuvimbela lokhu, sidinga amanzi emhlabathini. Futhi, lesi sitshalo singatshala esitebeleni ngesithambeka. Umthamo usiza ukukhipha amanzi kusuka ohlelweni lwempande. 
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izitshalo ezingakhula ezimweni zezinto ezingenalutho ezisenhlabathini azidingi ukondla okwengeziwe. Kubandakanya i-canary, ezinye zezinhlobo zazo ezikhula eziqhingini. Kulezi zitshalo, inhlabathi yethu inomsoco.
Uma indawo engaphansi kwesitshalo ingobumba noma udonga, ngesikhathi sokutshala ungenza umquba ngezinga lika-50-80 g / sq. m. Asikho isidingo sokwandisa izinga lomanyolo, ngoba ukweqa ngokweqile kuyoholela ekukhuleni okujulile kwezimpande nokunciphisa ukuzinza kweziqu.
Kubalulekile! Ukwandisa isivuno se-canary, isilinganiso sokuqala samaminerali amaminerali senziwa ngaphansi kwesitshalo. Uma uhlwanyela - ukusetshenziswa kwamanyolo e-phosphate ngesilinganiso esingu-20 kg / ha. Amanyolo we-nitrojeni asetshenziswa njalo ngonyaka ngesilinganiso sika-30 kg / ha. Futhi ekwindla, lapho ugoba inhlabathi, i-potassium isetshenziswa ngesilinganiso se-30 kg / ha.
Uma i-canary itshalwa imbewu yezinyoni, ke ukufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali omanyolo kuyadingeka. Abalimi bezandla basiza umanyolo ekuqaleni kwekwindla, emva kokuphela kwenkathi yemifino esebenzayo kanye nokuvuthwa kwembewu.
Ukudubula
Isikhathi eside singakhula ngenxa yobuningi bamaqabunga aluhlaza ngenkathi ebandayo.
Ngakho-ke, ukusika izihlahla zonyaka kungenziwa entwasahlobo, ngoMashi, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi semifino. Ukutshala umkhuba wonyaka owodwa wokutshala isihlahla ukukhulisa ubukhulu bawo. 
Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-rhizome
Njengoba izimpande zisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu, zithatha ezinye izindawo, kuyadingeka ukukhawulela isihlahla lapho utshala.
Isibonelo, ukubeka ibhakede elidala elizungeze umjikelezo wesitulo kuya ku-20-30 cm. Ucingo olwenziwe nge-tape yensimu noma slate luzosebenza futhi.
Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape
Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle, futhi singasetshenziswa ukudala imingcele yezitshalo.
Ikhono lokukhula enhlabathini enamandla kakhulu yenza i-canary elula ukuklama kwamachibi okufakelwa.
Isikhathi esingapheli singahlala zombili emhlabathini futhi sikhule ezindaweni ezihlukene. Iziqukathi zingahlobisa ama-arbors, ukuhamba ngezinyawo.
Ku-flowerbed, i-canary izobe ifaneleka ngendlela yama-accent amaphuzu, isibonelo, phakathi nendawo yokwakhiwa. Ukwakhiwa kungase kube nezinhlobo eziningana zezitshalo. Qaphela ukuthi ukuphakama kwe-inflorescence kufinyelela ku-2 m. 
Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubeka lesi sitshalo phakathi kobunjwa noma emaceleni ombhede wembali. Ukufanelana okuphelele uma kufakwe esilayidi se-alpine.
Funda nokuthi yiziphi izimbali ezifanele ukukhula ngama-slides alpine.
Kunzima ukukhula
Utshani lwe-canary, njengenye utshani obungapheli, bungaphansi kokubola ekupheleni kwesikhathi sasebusika. Lokhu kunomthelela ekuthungeni. Iqhwa elithambile likhululeka ubusuku bonke bese lidala i-ice crust.
Ngaphansi kokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukuphefumula ngamandla.
Kukhona ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, i-canary iyancipha futhi ishintshwe yi-fungi. Entwasahlobo, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kubonakala ngenxa yokwehliswa kwamaqabunga kanye nokuqhakaza okumpunga kubo. 
Ukuvinjelwa yi-drainage efanele endaweni yempande. Ungadala ukuqhuma kwamanzi emhlabathini, njengoba lokhu kuholela ekuthuthukiseni isikhunta nezinye izifo. Uma ukutheleleka sekuvele kwenzeke, ukwehlukaniswa kwenhlabathi kuyovimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Naphezu kokuphikisana nezifo nezinambuzane, iminyaka engu-3-4 yokukhula endaweni eyodwa, izitshalo zingathola izifo ezivamile zokusanhlamvu futhi zithinteke yizinambuzane, izinambuzane zezilwane nezinye izinambuzane ezizala imbewu.
Kubalulekile! Izifo zingalwa nezinyathelo ze-agrotechnical. - ukujikeleza kwezitshalo Ukwenza lokhu, abandulele beCanary kufanele babe izitshalo zommbila noma zitshalwe.
Izifo zokuphela kwezinqolobane:
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubunjwa;
- ukubola;
- ukubona;
- i-gelmintosporiozy;
- i-ergot;
- ukugqwala;
- isikhumba se-powdery;
- amaqabunga kanye ne-stem smut;
- i-sclerotinia;
- smut othuli;
- u-smut oqinile;
- ama-mosaics.
Zonke izinhlobo zezifo zibonakala kalula ngombala nokuqina komshini emaqabunga noma ukubonakala okubonakalayo kokubola.
Lapho i-powdery isikhutha ivela, lesi sitshalo sihlanzwa nge-raster sulfure. Ukugqwala kanye ne-gelmintosporioz yezinhlamvu kumiswa ngamalungiselelo "Vectra". Izinga lezixazululo zokusebenza zibalwa ngokususelwa endaweni ephathwayo. 
Njengoba amayunithi aboniswe kule phakheji ayi-kg / ha, kubalulekile ukuthola indawo enamamitha bese unquma inani elifanele lagremu ukuze ulungiselele ikhambi.
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko zotshani ziyizi: i-weevils, amabhu, ama-thrips, ama-aphid, izimbungulu, ama-fleas, izithombo, izithombo zezinyosi, izinyosi, izinambuzane nezinye izinambuzane. Ukulawulwa kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa ngezinambuzane, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesinambuzane esithinta isitshalo. Indlela yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa - ukuphalaza.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokubhekana nomkhuhlane we-powdery nezinambuzane ezinjalo njenge-wireworms, i-weevils ne-thrips.
Ukukhula i-faryaris akulona nzima, ngisho nakumgadi wensimu we-novice. Lesi sitshalo sikhuthazelela ukukhukhula, isomiso, ukushisa kanye nesithwathwa, kanye nezinye izinhlekelele zezulu. Uma ufuna ukujabulela umhlobiso omuhle wombhede wakho wembali, i-gazebos yokuphumula noma indawo yokufakelwa ngaphandle kwezindleko ezinkulu zomsebenzi kanye nokuchitha isikhathi, khetha lesi sitshalo. U-Falyaris angasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni, kungaba yedwa noma ehlangene nezinye izilwane eziphila isikhathi eside.
