Abakhiqizi baseRussia abasebenzisa izitshalo eziphakathi kwamapayipi eminyakeni eminingi baye badala umndeni onamandla futhi ohlukahlukene wezinhlobonhlobo zobuhle bezinwele.
Lapha kanye "ne-Forest Beauty", no- "Michurinsk Beauty", ne "Ubuhle beRussia", nezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo, ngokuvamile ezikhomba indawo yokuzalwa nokukhula.
Ikhasi akuyona indawo yokugcina kuleli qembu. "Samara Beauty", incazelo nesithombe ozothola ngezansi.
Kubonakala sengathi kuvezwe ukulawulwa kwe "golide yegolide" - ngakolunye uhlangothi, isivuno salo asizifisi kakhulu ukulinda izithelo zomuthi ezingapheli, kanti esinye isitshalo sinesikhathi esanele sokudla ngesikhathi sokushisa kwehlobo eliphezulu nemvula enamandla ka-Agasti.
Uhlobo luni lwamapheya alubhekisela?
Ngesisekelo sokweqile, okuyinto enquma izikhathi eziqondile izithelo ukuvuthwa, eliphakathi kwe "Samara Beauty" kungokwesigaba sekwindla yokuqala izithelo izitshalo.
Ngokuvamile, ukuvuthwa okukhishwayo kwezithelo zohlu olucacisiwe kwenzeka (ngokumelene nesimo se-budding sekwephuzile kanye nezimbali eziphelile) engxenyeni yokuqala kaSepthemba.
Izinhlobo ze-Autumn nazo zihlanganisa uSvetlyanka, uSvarog, Otradnenskaya, Pamyati Yakovleva kanye neTema.
Emva kokuvuna izithelo ingagcinwa endaweni epholile futhi eyomile okungaphezu kwenyanga. Endabeni yokweluleka kwelanga elisezingeni eliphezulu amapheya angase ahlasele kakhulu.
Ngokuqondene nokuqala kwesihlahla, okungukuthi, isikhathi sokungena kwesitshalo sibe yi-fruiting esebenzayo, ezihlukahlukene "I-Samara Beauty" iyisiko lesithelo esiphakathi.
Ngokusho "ipasipoti" yezinto eziphilayo, isisekelo sokuqala esingaphansi noma esincane ukukhiqizwa okuphawulekayo anikezela iminyaka engu-5-6 yokuphila kwakhe (hhayi ngemuva kokutshala lesi sitsha).
Ngemuva kokufinyelela esihlahleni sobudala esicacisiwe ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezihle nokunakekelwa okwanele iveza izithelo ezingeni lezimboni minyaka yonke.
Izinhlobo zeMemori yeZhegalov, Yakovlevskaya, Hera, Lada kanye neZikole zingaletha nokuvuna okuhle.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Ezihlukahlukene eziphakathi kwezinto ezichazwe lapha zazalwa esifundeni se-Middle Volga. Yakhiwa ngokucabangela izimo zezulu nezama-agrotechnical zale ngxenye yaseRussia, okuyiyo, ngokubheka kochwepheshe abaningi, efanelekile ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kokulima.
Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha kwenziwa ngabacwaningi bombuso I-Research Institute Yokulima kanye Nezitshalo Zezokwelapha "Izindwangu Zhiguli" (isifunda saseSamara) S. Kedrin, A. Kuznetsov, T. Kedrin.
Ukuze uthole ukubukeka okusha kwe-pear, i-elite pear ehlukahlukene iye yawela ngokuhlelekile "Kuybyshev Golden" (umbhangqwana womzali - izinhlobo "Ukunqoba" futhi "Izinsimu") nge peyari "Dessert" (umbhangqwana womzali - Aleksandrovka futhi "Izintandokazi ze-Klapp").
Ngo-2006, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zafakwa ngokusemthethweni kwiRejista ye-State Varietal nge-regionalalization esifundeni sezolimo se-Middle Volga (isifunda saseSamara).
Uma uhlakulela amapheya "Ubuhle be-Samara" kule ndawo ethile, abalimi baqinisekisa konke okukhona kulokhu okuhlukahlukene. ukuthanda kanye nezinga lomkhiqizo.
Kulesi sifundazwe, izinhlobonhlobo zePethedral, Krasnobokaya, Elena, Vernaya noVictoria zihamba kahle.
Incazelo izinhlobo Samara Beauty
Iphakathi kwe "Samara Beauty" inezici ezilandelayo ezihlukile:
Isihlahla
Kubonakala ngokujwayelekile isilinganiso noma ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso sesilinganiso (Abanye ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi ukukhula komuthi kunzima kakhulu).
Umuntu ngokuvamile ufinyelela usayizi ophezulu kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Ibhakede lomuthi lihlanganisa amagxolo we-hue eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Krone, amagatsha. Umuthi wezinhlobonhlobo ze-Samara Ubuhle ngaphezu kwesikhathi sakha umqhele oqabile womumo ohlosiwe (ngokuvamile oval). Igatsha eliyinhloko liphuma ngaphandle kwesiqu ekhoneni elingakwesokudla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, omdala isitshalo siba, amagatsha abe ngaphezulu. Emagatsheni amancane, igxolo eliyinhloko linemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. IKore ayesabi ukukhanya okukhulu kwelanga.
Amahlumela. Amahlumela ahlanganisiwe ombala obomvu noma onobunantsundu abumba emthini. Ukunqwaba, amahlumela avulekile aqoshwe ukuvinjelwa okubuthakathaka.
Ngokuvamile zitholakala esihlahleni esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, esiphezulu. Njengomthetho, i-fruit fruiting iyabonakala ngemikhonto nemifino.
Amahlamvu. Thuthukisa kusuka ekuqhumeni ukuqhuma, okuvezwe ngenye indlela ebude. Amahlamvu ahlongoziwe athola ama-shades alula okuhlaza. Umzimba wekhasi eliphakathi nendawo uphelelwe. Ipuleti leshidi le-slag liboshwe phakathi nendawo.
I-Inflorescences. Izinhlobonhlobo zemithi yezimbali "Ubuhle be-Samara" bucatshangwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izithelo
Kukhona kokubili amapheya aphakathi naphakathi. Emthini omdala kakhulu izithelo ezikhangayo ngokuvamile zivuthwe isisindo esilinganisweni esingu 140-190 g.
Kodwa-ke, izimo zamapheya aqoshiwe ikakhulukazi ezimnandi kakhulu isilinganiselwa ku-350 g Izithelo zibe nomumo oqondile wepey "we-classic", noma i-silhouette "elithile" elixubile.
"Samara Beauty" i-asymmetry ngezinye izikhathi izici. Uma phakathi nesikhathi sokuvuna ikhasi elikhulu, eliphakathi kwesikhumba eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-oluhlaza, bese kuthi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kokugcina ebusweni bayo obuhlaza obomvu obuhlaza obuso obomvu obubonakalayo obonakala obomvu buvela.
Izindawo ezincane ezingaphansi kwebala elibomvu-oluhlaza zibonakala ngokucacile esikhumbeni.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo i-pulp yalesi peyari ihlukaniswe umbala wayo omhlophe kanye ne-juiciness enkulu. Ngalokhu Ukuzivumelanisa ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nzima kakhulu.
Ngaphakathi kwe-pulp esihlahleni se-elliptical imbewu, imbewu e-gray-brown e-ovoid ephumula. Izithelo zihlala zihlangene, ziphezu kancane.
Isithombe
Izici
Izinhlobo zemithi "Ubuhle be-Samara" buhlukile izithelo zonyaka, ezivela ngonyaka wesi-5-6 wokuphila kwayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo ngonyaka ukwandisa ukukhiqiza kwawo.
Lesi sigqi sivumela abalimi ukuba bavune isivuno esihle. Ngokuyinhloko, ngokusho kwezibalo ze-agronomical, isitshalo salezi zinhlobo ngonyaka we-7 wokuphila singabonisa ukukhiqiza kuze kufike ku-30-35 kg wezithelo zokukhiqiza ezivela emthini owodwa.
Futhi isakhiwo sesithelo sinjalo Sekuyisikhathi eside bagcina izinto zabo ezikhangayo ("imakethe") ukubukeka. Ngakho-ke, njengomthetho, lezi zithelo azikho izinkinga nokuqaliswa kwamaketanga okuthengisa.
Ukukhuluma ngomunwe ovelele wezithelo ezivuthiwe, kuphawulwe lapha kuthiwa ubumnandi ngobunzima. Kuye ngezimo zokuvuthwa, amapheya e-Samara Beauty angaba okuhle noma anelisayo. Ngokususelwa esikalini samaphuzu angu-5 esikhalazo sokunambitheka kwezithelo, lokhu isiko kulinganiselwa kumaphuzu angu-3.8-4.1.
Ukunambitha okuhle kakhulu kuboniswa ngamapheya uMoskvichka, uLel, Rogneda, Talgar Beauty and Fairy.
Izinhlobonhlobo zikhona emhlabeni jikelele ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo. Izithelo zaso zingadliwa kokubili futhi zenziwe (ama-compotes, preserves, marmalades, jellies, njll).
Enye inzuzo ye "Samara Beauty" yiyona izinga eliphezulu lokumelana kwamaqhwa. Kodwa-ke, izingxenye ezahlukene zesitshalo zithinta ngokuhlukile ukushisa okukhulu. Ngokukhethekile ngokunciphisa okukhulu ekushiseni kuya ku -35 ° C, izithelo zezithelo zingonakaliswa.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ukubeka izivande ezinkulu zokuzalisa izimboni ezinkulu.
Izinhlobo zebusika-eziqinile zihlanganisa amapheya: Udoti, Tonkovetka, Skorospelka kusuka eMichurinsk, Severyanka naseSverdlovchanka.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala "Ubuhle be-Samara", kudingekile ukukhetha indawo efanele futhi ephephile kwenzalo yayo.
Isimiso esiyinhloko lapha, okumelwe sikhunjulwe - izinga elihle lezithelo kulezi ezihlukahlukene esikhathini esizayo unikeze inhlabathi kuphela enomhlabathi omningi ovundile. Akuyona isiko esibi esithatha izimpande futhi sithande.
Njengawo wonke amanye amasiko aqala ukushisa, ubuhle be-Samara bufuna ukuthi indawo yokufika ibe khona ingenamandla futhi ikhanya kakhulu ilanga.
Ukuba khona kwesithunzi njalo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izithelo eziphakathi kwe-pear zilahlekelwa yi-sugar content.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pear "Ubuhle be-Samara" ayikubekezeli umhlabathi owomile kakhulu. Uma ingozi enjalo ikhona futhi ayikwazi ukudlula nganoma iyiphi indlela, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukususwa ngokuphoqeleka komswakama okweqile kusuka kusayithi lokufika. Ukungayinaki le nkinga ngokuqinisekile kuzoholela ekutheni kube lula ukulimala kwesitshalo, okungaholela ekufeni kwayo.
Ngemva kokuba indawo ikhethiwe, kubalulekile ukumba umgodi wokufika, ububanzi bayo buyi-1 m, futhi ububanzi buyi-60-70 cm. Kuyinto efiselekayo kakhulu ukuthi umgodi ulungiswe isonto nengxenye ngaphambi kokufika. Ngemuva kokumba ukunconywa uthele udoti ngaphakathi kuwo (2 izibuko zebhakede ngalinye lamanzi).
Lapho imbewu isitshala, it intamo yempande kufanele iqhume 5-6 cm emhlabathini. Uma ipharamitha ekhonjisiwe ingagcinwa, gcina umuthi uphinde uhlume kabusha. Uma kungenjalo isihlahla sizokhula kusukela ekuqaleni kungakalungi.
Ngemuva kokuba isithombo sikhona, futhi izimpande zawo zimbozwe ukuxuba komhlaba (umhlaba okhishwe lapho ugoba umgodi wokufika + ama-humus (amabhakede amabili), isihlabathi (amabhakede amabili) ne-1 inkomishi ye-superphosphate), umbuthano we-pristvolny owenziwe ngaphambili amanzi ahlukanisiwe (amabhakede amabili).
Ukuze kuvimbele ukuhlunga okungathandeki kwenhlabathi esihlahleni somuthi omncane kanye nokulahlekelwa okusheshayo komswakama, lokhu Le ndawo igcwele ungqimba we-2-3 cm we-mulch owakhiwe ngama-humus owomile ne-sawdust.
Izinyathelo zokunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo zihlanganisa: ukuchelela okuvamile kwesihlahla (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi esomile sasehlobo), ukukhululwa kwe-pistille yensimu, isingeniso esifike ngesikhathi sokufaka umquba owenziwe ngamanzi nokumbiwa, ukusika izihlahla ezifile neziningi.
"Ubuhle be-Samara" abudingi izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela zokuhlenga izinkuni ngaphambi kwesikhathi sasebusika.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ezihlukahlukene eziphakathi kwezinguquko zingokwezilimo cishe engesabi izifo ezinkuluezihambisana nezitshalo zezithelo.
Ngokuyinhloko, i- "Samara Beauty" ibonisa ukuphika okuhle kwesifo esinjalo se-fungal, njenge //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html amaqabunga nezithelo.
Uma sihlaziya zonke izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe, singaphetha ngokuthi "Ubuhle be-Samara" buyinto yangempela yebalimi ababandakanya izithelo zezimboni ezikhulayo.
