Plum "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" - yizinhlobonhlobo ezindala ezaziwa, okwamanje zidinga ukulima. Futhi akuyona into engaqondakaliyo, ngoba ine-hardiness ebusika evelele, ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni ama-plums emaphakathini aseRussia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" lidumile ngenxa yezivuno eziphezulu nezizinzile. Futhi ukumnakekela akumeli ubunzima obukhethekile.
Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo plum "Renklod collective farm"
I-Plum "Renklod kolkhoz" ibhekisela eqenjini lezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezenziwe ekhaya ezivuthwe izithelo zakuqala. Kuyinto isihlahla esinamandla okukhula okulinganiselwe, okufinyelela ku-3 m ukuphakama.
Umqhele we-plum ehamba kancane futhi engekho kakhulu. Amagxolo esihlahleni somuthi ubushelelezi futhi aqoshiwe. On amahlumela abomvu obomvu ngesamba encane kukhona lentils.
Amahlamvu aluhlaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unesayizi esiphezulu. Ukuma kwekhasi leqabunga kuyinto elliptical ephakathi ne-edge wavy. Izimbali ze-Plum zincane futhi zimhlophe.
Isisindo se-plum ene-round "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe iRenkoda" lisukela ku-18 kuya ku-24 g. Umbala wesithelo uphuzi ngendwangu encane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esincane kumbuso wonke we-fetus kunenqwaba yamaphuzu angaphansi kwegrey. Inyama ephuzi yesithelo sinomuthi onesakhiwo esibucayi kakhulu. Ithemba elincanyana lihlukaniswa kalula kumalitha.
Izithelo zinomusa omnandi, omuncu omuncu.. Ukufutheka okuncane kwesikhumba kunika umthunzi ofihlakeleyo. Okuqukethwe ushukela ezitshalweni ngu-8.9%, kanti i-asidi yi-1.4%. Ngeplamu yokunambitha efanele ithola amaphuzu angu-4.
Izinhlobonhlobo zetafula "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" lihlanzekile kakhulu futhi lihle kakhulu ekumakheni. Amaju, ama-compotes, ama-jams, ama-marmalades, ama-jams kanye nama-marmalade akhiwe kuwo.
Izithombe zama-plum izinhlobo "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" bheka ngezansi:
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Umdali we "epulazini elihlangene" laseRenklod ngu-Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin ngokwakhe. Ngokuba usosayensi omusha we-plum weqa "i-Ternoslivu" nezinhlobonhlobo "Okungavuthi Okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka."
Umphumela waba ezihlukahlukene nezici eziphawulekayo, ezithela isivuno esihle kanye nobumnandi obunzima obubusika.
"Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" ngo-1947 langena kwiRejista Yombuso futhi yanconywa ukulima endaweni Central Central Earth, Central and North-West yaseRussia.
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
"Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" libhekwa yizivuno zonyaka eziphakeme futhi ezizinzile. Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo ye-skoroplodny, enikeza isivuno sokuqala iminyaka emine noma emihlanu yokuphila.
Isihlahla seminyaka eyisithupha "epulazini eliqoqiwe epulazini" likhiqiza kusuka ku-6 kuya kwezingu-8 kg zezithelo, umuthi weminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye kusukela ku-9 kuya ku-18 kg, nomuthi weshumi nanye kusuka ku-39 kuya ku-51 kg. Ama-plums avuke ndawonye engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti. Kusukela ebubini bokuvuna, amagatsha omuthi ahlala phansi kakhulu futhi ngaphezu kweminyaka athola umqhele ophansi.
Izinhlobonhlobo zinomphumela owodwa - uma ngaphezulu, izithelo zawo zijwayele ukuchitha. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi singalibali ukuvuna.
I-plums resistance plums "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" ngaphezu kokudumisa. Ebusika evamile, imbali efihlekile ayifaki kancane. Ebusika obukhulu ikakhulukazi, ukugcoba kwamagatsha amancane nokuqothula kwezinkuni kubonakala. Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, izihlahla zibuyiselwa futhi ziqhubeke nokukhiqiza isivuno esihle.
Enye inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe Renklod" - akesabi izinguquko zokushisa. Isihlahla esithambile somuthi asilimazi yizifunguli kanye nokushisa kwelanga.
"Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" lizilimaza, ngakho-ke lidinga izinhlobo zempova. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akakwazi ukuhlangana ne-plum yaseChina. Ukuze uthole impova engcono "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" lidinga okungenani izinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ezivela eqenjini lamaplamu asekhaya.
Ukulungele ngokuphelele "Ukubomvu," "Renklod thorny", "IsiHungary eMoscow", "I-Volga Beauty", "Eurasia 21", "IsiHungary Pulkovo", njll.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Phakathi nendawo-latitude plum ngokuvamile utshalwe entwasahlobo. Uma utshala ekwindla, ngokuvamile imithi ayinayo isikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi ikhule ibe namandla, ngakho ebusika ivame ukubola.
Uma kwenzeke ukuthi ukuthengwa kwemithi kuthengwa ekwindla, ungawafaka kuqala engadini, uwumboze ngamagatsha asepine ngesihlahla sephayini, ufafaze ungqimba lweqhwa lapho kuqala ubusika. Ngakho-ke, lesi sihlahla esifudumele sithuthuka kahle kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Ukutshala iplamu kufanele akhethe indawo enelanga, evikelwe njalo emoyeni oqinile nobandayo. Okufanelekile, lokhu kufanele kube yingxenye eseningizimu noma eningizimu-mpumalanga yensimu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ngenkathi amaparele aphakeme nama-apula angenzi ipiteni iplamu.
Inhlabathi yesihlabathi noma i-loamy ene-pH ka-6.5 kuya ku-7.0 iyona engcono kakhulu ye-plums. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kufanele abe yi-1.5 m ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi.
Umgodi kufanele ulungiselelwe amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi komsebenzi ohleliwe, futhi ngokufanelekile ekwindla. Ububanzi bomgodi kufanele bube ngamasentimitha angu-60 ukuya ku-80, ukujula - 50 cm, kanye nesimiso sokutshala izithombo eziningana ze-plum - amamitha amathathu kuya kwangu-3.
Inhlabathi evundile ilungiswa ngaphambi kokutshala. Kulokhu, kusuka ku-7 ukuya ku-10 kg we-compost noma i-humus kanye nomunye umlotha wokhuni (cishe 100 g) owenziwe emhlabathini okhishwe emgodini. Uma inhlabathi i-acidic, ungangezela cishe ama-50 g we-lime-fluff engxenyeni. Uma befisa, udaba lwezinto eziphilayo lungashintshwa ngamaminerali amaminerali - 200 g we-superphosphate no-80 g we-potassium sulfate. Ingxube evundile ixutshwe kahle futhi igcwalise umgodi nayo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala iplamu, Phakathi nendawo yomgodi bayadonsela esigxotsheni sezinkuni ukubopha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enkabeni yomgodi, bagcwalisa umqubu webumba, beka iplamu encane kuso futhi basakaze ngokufanayo izimpande ezizungezile.
Qiniseka ukuthi isikhonkwane sisehlangothini oluseningizimu lomuthi. Khona-ke umgodi ugcwele ingxube evundile, ngokuthungula isihlahla ngomusa ukuze umhlaba ugcwalise wonke ama-void ezimpandeni.
Uma utshala, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intamo yempande ingama-5-6 cm ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Ekupheleni kokutshala kusebenza ezungeze izihlahla, benza i-groove yokunisela nokuchitha umhlaba ngamabhakede amabili noma amathathu amanzi. Okulandelayo, isithombo sinamathele emgodleni, futhi inhlabathi ihlanganiswe. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ezomile, ukuchelela kuyaphindwa.
Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kweplamu kuhilela imisebenzi elandelayo:
Ukunisela I-Plum ingabizwa ngokuthi umuthi owuthanda umswakama kuzo zonke izitshalo zezithelo. Ngokuntuleka kwamanzi emhlabathini izithelo zawo ziyaqhekeka, futhi amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi bese ewa. Ngenkathi eyomile, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuchelela okunzima okungu-3 kuya ku-5. I-plums encane idinga kusuka emasakeni amane kuya ku-6 emthini ngomuthi ngamunye, futhi izithelo ezithwala izithelo - kusuka ku-8 ukuya ku-10. Ukunisela kubhekwa njengokwanele uma umhlabathi ugobile 40 cm ejulile. Ukuze ugcine umswakama, umbuthano we-trunk uhambelana nama-humus noma umquba.- Ukukhululeka. Indawo ye-Pristvolnuyu ngaphansi kweplamu kufanele ikhululwe ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi ikhululekile kokhula, bese ibamba ukuwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile izikhathi 4 noma 5 ngezikhathi ezithile ukususa izimpande zempande, ngokunciphisa kakhulu isivuno se-plums.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukutshala iplamu kungaba ngonyaka ngemuva kokutshala. Njalo eminyakeni emithathu kokuwa kwezinto eziphilayo kuqaliswa ngesimo se-humus noma umquba ngezinga lesigamu ibhakede ngalinye imitha yesigcawu. Lapha ungakwazi ukwengeza superphosphate (50 g) ne-potassium sulphate (20 g). Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali, i-20 g ye-ammonium nitrate isetshenzwa ngamamitha ayi-square yomuthi.
- Khulisa. Lapho esemncane, iplamu idinga ukusika izihlahla. Esikhathini sembewu yaminyaka yonke amagatsha angama-4-6 asele ngamakhilomitha angaba ngu-40 phakathi kwama-tiers. Khona-ke iminyaka engu-3 noma engu-4 njalo entwasahlobo, amagatsha asemfishanisweni anciphisa ingxenye yesithathu. Esikhathini esizayo, izihlahla zemifula zidinga ukusika iziqu kuphela. Umqhele uhlotshiswe njalo ngonyaka, amagatsha agulayo, abonakalisiwe nalabo abangekho fruiting asuswe.
- Ukulungiselela ubusika. "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" lidumile ngenxa yobunzima bayo obusika. Kodwa-ke, izihlahla zalo ezincane azikakabi ngokwanele futhi zizwela kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ngakho-ke, ebusika badinga ukufudumala. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda, izithombo zihlanganiswa kuqala nge ungqimba lwe-sawdust, bese kuthi amagatsha e-fir tree. Ngokusho komunye umzila, izihlahla zihlanganiswe ngezigxobo ngesimo sendlu nesikhwama, utshani noma ama-straw matshani abekwe phezu kwalesi sakhiwo. Khona-ke isakhiwo siboshwe ngentambo. Ukwehla kweqhwa leqhwa kuzodala ukuvikeleka okungeziwe kusuka emoyeni nakubanda obubandayo.
Ukunisela I-Plum ingabizwa ngokuthi umuthi owuthanda umswakama kuzo zonke izitshalo zezithelo. Ngokuntuleka kwamanzi emhlabathini izithelo zawo ziyaqhekeka, futhi amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi bese ewa. Ngenkathi eyomile, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuchelela okunzima okungu-3 kuya ku-5. I-plums encane idinga kusuka emasakeni amane kuya ku-6 emthini ngomuthi ngamunye, futhi izithelo ezithwala izithelo - kusuka ku-8 ukuya ku-10. Ukunisela kubhekwa njengokwanele uma umhlabathi ugobile 40 cm ejulile. Ukuze ugcine umswakama, umbuthano we-trunk uhambelana nama-humus noma umquba.Izifo nezinambuzane
"Ipulazi le-Renklod Collective" alitholakali no-homozy (amahlaya) kanti futhi akavamile ukubhekene nezifo ezifungile. Ukuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele izifo ezingenzeka, izinyathelo zokuzivikela zithathwa.
Amahlumela abathintekile anqunywe, izithelo ezigulayo namaqabunga abhujiswa. Lapho izihlahla, iziqephu kanye nokuqhekeka kungasetshenziswa i-lime ngobisi obuketshezi nge-addition sulfate kuyo.
Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amahlamvu ehluma futhi ekwindla ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga, ukwelashwa ne-Bordeaux liquid noma ezinye izifungicides. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwindla, i-plum ihlanjululwa ngesisombululo se-urea ngokumelene ne-cholesterol.
Ukucubungula ama-plum izihlahla kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kwenyanga ngaphambi kokuvuna.
Izinambuzane eziyingozi kunazo zonke "I-Renkoda ipulazi eliqoqiwe" - ipulaki i-sawfly ne-plum moth.
Against sawfly entwasahlobo, ngisho nangaphambi kokusila, izihlahla ziphathwa ngeKarbofos, i-Chlorophos, i-Cyanox noma i-Cydial. Ngokuqoqwa okukhulu kwezinambuzane emva kwezimbali, ukucubungula kuphindwe. Phakathi nesikhathi se-fruiting, izihlahla ziyagudluza ama-plums awonakele aqukethe izibungu ezinambuzane futhi azibhubhise.
Against plum amabhu Amalungiselelo eziphilayo Bitoxibacillin, Gaupsin kanye Lepidocide ziyasebenza. Yenziwa okungenani imithi ye-4-6 nge-interval of days 10. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibhande zokudoba, izicupho ze-pheromone, ukukhululeka, ukumba umhlabathi nokuqoqa isifo senhliziyo nakho kuyindlela yokulwa ne-codwort.
Njengoba ubona, "Ipulazi eliqoqiwe laseRenklod" - lena iplamu enkulu, ekufanelekeni kwayo ayikho ngaphansi kwezinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, unyaka ngamunye ungakwazi ukuqoqa isivuno esihle kakhulu sezithelo ezimnandi nge ukunambitheka okungajwayelekile futhi okungenakulibaleka.
