Amapheya ahlukahlukeneko "Thumbelina" ahlukahlukene phakathi nonyaka. Amapheya amancane, ahambisana.
Ibanga lisetshenziselwa amalungiselelo ezindlu nemithi yendabuko. Ehlukile kulo okuqukethwe kwama-amino acids.
Kunconyiwe ukusetshenziswa kwezingane nabantu abanempilo ebuthakathaka.
Uhlobo luni?
Iphakathi kwe "Thumbelina" ibizwa igama layo ngenxa umuthi omncane nezithelo zawo ezincane. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kubhekisela ekwindla izinhlobo zokuvuthwa kwekwephuzile. Akukhulumi ezitivini zezimboni.
Ibanga eliphakathi kwe- "Thumbelina" libhekisela kuphela ekusebenziseni amateur ngoba isivuno esincane kanye nezithelo ezincane ezingekho kuka-60 amagremu. Ekhaya, amapheya alezi zihlukahlukene zenziwa: i-jam, iwayini, i-compotes, izithelo ezifakiwe, i-marmalade, i-jam, uju.
Isetshenziswa emithi yokwelapha. Izithelo zesigaba esicacile segazi ne-rheology. Usizo lwezinkinga zamadoda. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezithelo eziphakathi kwezithelo ikhuthaza ukuvuselelwa komzimba.
Izinhlobo ze-autumn ze-Autumn nazo zihlanganisa: Svetlyanka, Tatiana, Tikhiy Don, uSvarog noPerun.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Ingabe ukuhlanganiswa kwe-amateur okuvela enhlanganweni OAO RZOSS Voronezh. Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene: Alenushka. Abasunguli bebanga: A. M. Ulyanischeva (Umbhali wencwadi ethi "Amathiphu Abakhulayo Bama Flower") no-O. V. Ryazantseva.
Ngokweminye imibiko Abalobi bangabalimi VSTISP, eMoscow: Yuri Alexandrovich Petrov noNina Vladimirovna Efimova (Abalobi bencwadi ethi "Ikhalenda le-amateur izithelo umlimi").
Izinhlobonhlobo zitholakala ngenxa yokwenziwa kohlobo lwe-Bere yasebusika i-Michurin eliphakathi kwehlobo (izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zasebusika ezihlukahlukene) kanye ne-pollen ingxube yezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili eziseningizimu: i-Forest Beauty (ezihlukahlukene zaseBelgium ezinomthelela oqinile emaqenjini amaRussia amakhulu), uJosephine Mechelnskaya (izinhlobo zaseBelgium ezihlukahlukene), i-Triumph Zhoduane (i-Western Europe ezihlukahlukene) ngo-1831), ubuhle be-Anjou (izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zaseFrance nezithelo ezinkulu ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu amathathu), uDuchesse Angoulême (ukhetho lwesiFulentshi, olwakhiwa ngo-1809), i-Winter deanka (ezihlukahlukene zaseBelgium, ezakhiwe ngekhulu le-XVIII), ukwelashwa (uFr. ntsuzsky triploid ebusika ezihlukahlukene yakhulela 1760), eSaint-Germain (French ebusika ezihlukahlukene, eyaziwa njengoba 1872).
It has a wide ukusatshalaliswa kusukela ngo-1998. Ukukhula kokuqala kubalwe Umdwebo we-Chernozem we-Russian Federation. Izinhlobonhlobo zifanele ukukhula eningizimu yeSiberia nase-Central European strip.
Ukhula emasimini asekhaya Isifunda saseMoscow namadolobha aseduze. "Thumbelina" ingatholakala eMoldova, Kazakhstan, e-Estonia, e-Ukraine, e-Belarus. Kuhle kakhulu ngokuhluka isimo sezulu sezulukazi esinezinga elinomkhathi oshisayo obumnandi.
Iphakathi kwe "Thumbelina": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe
Umuthi ufushane futhi ukhula kancane. Ukuphakama ayidluli ngamamitha angu-1.5. I-Krone "I-Thumbelina" ipholile, ihamba, i-oval. Bark isiqu somuthi we-pear womthunzi we-silvery. Izitshalo eziyinhloko ziphuma esitokisini nge-angi-90 degree.
Amagatsha abaningi. Kuzo kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngokuhlelwa kwendlela efanayo. Amahlumela ngaphandle kokuhlukumezeka, ngisho, oval ohlangene esigabeni esiphambene nesibhakabhaka esibomvu. Chechevichki encane.
Izinso i-cylindrical, i-brown, ihluke kancane emagatsheni. I-leafiness isilinganiso. Amahlamvu isimo se-oval ngenqamu elifushane elikhomba. Umthunzi wamaqabunga e-emerald. Umkhawulo weshidi unobuso obuhle obuqhekeziwe.
Qopha ngaphandle kokuhlazeka, flat, flattened, eqondiswe phezulu esihlahleni. Ubude bezinsika bufushane. Izimbali encane, i-snow-white, ne-makhra encane. Banefomu elincane lokudoba.
I-Inflorescence lokhu okuhlukahlukene kuyisambulela. "Thumbelina" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ze-samobesplodnymi. Ama-pollinator adingekayo wezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla eziphakathi kwe-pear.
Izithelo zincane, zilingana, isisindo asifinyelele ngaphezu kwama-gramu angu-60. Yiba ifomu eliphakathi kwe-pear. Ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa kwamapheya kunezikhulu umthunzi we-amber ne-coverlip obomvu obomvu. Ukuhlukaniswa kwepeyari kuyabushelela.
Isikhumba sesithelo sinhle, asinakulungiswa lapho sidla. Ama-freckles angaphansi kwe-subcutaneous asuke engabonakali. Ingxenye yonke yesithelo ihlanganiswe nama-brown specks egolide, ayingxenye yesici kanye nesici esivela kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo.
Peduncle obukhulu, bacindezelekile. Umngcele uyingcosana noma ulahlekile ngokuphelele. I-saucer iyancipha kakhulu.
Inkomishi ivulekile ingxenye. I-Podchashechnaya tube yetayizi encane. Inhliziyo encane, encane. I-Axial izithelo zesikhumba ayikho. Amakamelo ezinhlanzi yizinhlobonhlobo zamapheya afana nohlobo oluvaliwe.
Imbewu ikhasi elibomvu elimnyama, elincane. I-Pear fruit flavour isamandla kakhulu. I-pulp ye-beige shade, i-oily, ngaphandle kwe-granularity, enejusi eliningi.
Unomusa omuhle omuncu. I-pulp yamapheya ayibuli futhi ayiqhubi. Ukubonakala kwesithelo kwaklinganiselwe n4.7 amaphuzu avela ku-5. Ukuthanda amapheya - 4.6 ku-5.
Incazelo yokubunjwa kwamakhemikhali ebanga eliphakathi kwe "Thumbelina":
| Ukwakhiwa | Inombolo |
|---|---|
| Ama-tetriac acid | kusuka ku-0.20 kuya ku-0.23% |
| I-RSV | kusuka ku-16.95 kuya ku-17.04% |
| I-Sahara | kusuka ku-10 ukuya ku-10.1% |
| Izinto ze-Pectic | kusuka ku-0.60 kuya ku-0.65% |
| I-ascorbic acid | kusuka ku-8 ukuya ku-8.1 mg nge-100 g |
| AmaCatechins | kusuka 114 ukuya ku 114,8 mg nge-100 g |
| Isilinganiso se-Sugar acid | 43,9 |
Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nepey "Thumbelina" ingaba esithombeni ngezansi:
Imfanelo
Ingabe phakathi nonyaka-ezihlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kubhekiswa kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla izinhlobo zokuvuthwa kwekwephuzile. Amapheya azuza kahle ukunambitheka okumnandi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu - ukushisa okungenakubekezeleleka, izimvula ezinamandla noma ukushisa okubandayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamapheya zihlukaniswa nokudla kwabo okuhle kakhulu: i-Cosmic, i-Marble, i-Karataevskaya, i-Kupava ne-Krasulya.
Ngokuvuthwa okugcwele izithelo zingaphansi kokuphazamiseka. Ukuvuna ukuqhubeka eminyakeni eyishumi nambili kaSepthembalapho izithelo zihlukaniswa ngokukhululekile nesitembu. Emakamelweni abandayo izithelo qhubeka kuze kube nguJanuwari (ezinsukwini ezingu-115 eziphezulu).
Isikhathi sokungena e-fruiting singaphakathi. Isivuno semithi engu-11-15 ubudala sinamaphesenti angama-175 angamahektha ngalinye ehektheleni.
Ukuthutha kwezithelo ngaphezu kwamabanga amade kakhulu. Izithelo ze-Fruiting zizinzile.
Ukuhluma kwenzeka Eminyakeni engu-6 noma engu-8 emva kokutshala ukusika. Izinhlobonhlobo zinezinga eliphezulu ezikhungweni ezihlukahlukene zemvelo.
Ubusika obuqinile. Igcina ama-frosts angadluli ama-38 degrees I-Celsius phakathi nesikhathi sasebusika.
Kuze kube ngaphansi kwezingu-25 degrees Celsius ngamaqhwa angalindelekile emva kwentwasahlobo yentwasahlobo. Kuze kube ngaphansi kwe-degrees 33 Celsius emva kwentwasahlobo yasentwasahlobo bese kuqhubeka amazinga okushisa aphansi.
Esikhathini sokuqala sokukhula kanti ngenkathi isivuno sinakho ukubekezela kwesomiso ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Ukumelana nokushisa okuhle.
Izitshalo eziphakeme zingaziqhayisa: Yakovlevskaya, Sverdlovchanka, uJanuwari, Fairy noSeveryanka.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukusheshisa ukuqala komkhiqizo "Thumbelina" kumele ikhule ngokuhluma emkhakheni wezitshalo ezithela phezulu. Imbewu inzalo yalezi zihlahla eziphakathi kwezihlahla eziphephile, izimpande ze-gummy branched.
Ngokuba izihlahla ezikhulayo ziyigugu, njengesihlahla sezikhonkwane uhlelo lwempande lubaluleke kakhulu, olulula kakhulu ukutshala.
Imbewu yokutshala lezi zihlukahlukene zibalulekile kakhulu ezindaweni zokufundela.
Izinhlobonhlobo zingatshalwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, kodwa kungcono entwasahlobo, ukuze uhlelo lwempande lembewu lunesikhathi sokuqina futhi luhlale phansi ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika, ama-cuttings kufanele athengweukuze bakwazi ukugcina ngempumelelo ubusika ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwesembozo seqhwa.
Indlela yokunakekela kahle izihlahla zezithelo, bheka ividiyo:
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ukumelana okuphakathi kokugula kwezifo kanye nezinambuzane. Izilonda //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html azizange zibonwe.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinwele eziphikisana nezifo nezinye izifo: Skorospelka kusuka eMichurinsk, Severyanka red-cheeked, i-Lel, i-Oryol ubuhle ne-Oryol Summer.
I-medallion eliphakathi kweyithinteka kakhulu.. Kudinga ukwelashwa okuvimbela ukulwa nezilokazane.
Ukuqedwa kwezimpungushe zabaxhumanisi bezinyoni basebenzisa izindlela zendabuko: ama-decoctions kagwayi, u-chamomile, i-yarrow ne-dandelion.
Ukuhluleka septoria kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-1.3 amaphuzu. Ukuhluleka entomosporium ezikhungweni zifinyelela amaphuzu angu-2.5.
Isiphetho Amapheya ahlukahlukeneko "I-Thumbelina" inegama layo ngenxa yomuthi omncane nezithelo zawo ezincane. Amapheya amancane, ahambisana. I-Pear fruit flavour isamandla kakhulu.
Inyama yamapheya ayiboli futhi ayiqhubeki, inambitha enomuncu omnandi. Kuyinkimbinkimbi ephakathi nonyaka.
Ngokusho kwesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kubhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zekwindla ekupheleni kokuvuthwa.
Ukusheshisa ukuqala kwesivuno, i-Thumbelina kumele ikhule ngokukhuphuka emkhakheni wezihlahla eziphakathi kwezihlahla eziphakeme.
Ukumelana okuphakathi kokugula kwezifo kanye nezinambuzane.
