U-Tineke ungomunye wabameleli bezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Ficus rubber, eyaziwa nangokuthi iFicus Elastica noma Elastical (Ficus Elastica "Tineke").
Njengoba igama lisho, ngaphambi kokuba likhule likhiqize i-raber, eyenziwa yiphuzi elimnandi lomuthi.
Incazelo jikelele
Ficus elastica "Tineke" ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNdiya, lapho ifinyelela khona ubukhulu obukhulu kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ekhaya i-ficus Elastica ingafinyelela ngamamitha amabili ukuphakama futhi ngaphezulu kwamamitha ububanzi.
Amaqabunga abe nomumo olula we-oval nge-tip ekhombayo ekugcineni.
Zinde (25 cm) futhi ububanzi (15 cm), kodwa ubushelelezi ukuya ekuthinteni, nge-vein central evelele yombala obala ohlaza noma obomvu.
Isici sangaphandle singqenqemeni oluqhakazile emaphethelweni alawa maqabunga, okwenza iphethini eliyingqayizivele yemvelo.
Kungaba mhlophe, ukhilimu noma ube ne-tint eluhlaza.
U-Tineke akayena kuphela omela izitshalo zenjoloba eziye zathatha izimpande emakhaya nasehhovisi. Esizindeni sethu uzothola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezinhlobo zalo:
- Abidjan.
- Belize
- I-Black Prince
- Melanie.
- I-Robusta.
- Uma udinga isihlahla, kufanele uphonse wonke amahlumela ekuphakameni 10-15 cm Ngemuva kwalokho, amahlumela okuqala azoqala ukuthuthukisa futhi, uma efinyelela ubude obufanayo, kufanele aphiniwe.
Lokhu kusebenza kulawo mahlumela aqondiswa ngaphandle.
Lokho okuhluma esihlahleni, awukwazi ukuwuthinta, futhi uma isitshalo sibe mkhulu kakhulu, kufanele ususe amanye amahlumela angaphakathi ukuze uthuthukise ukukhanya.
- Uma i-ficus iveza isiqu esicacile, ingaba ngumuthi.
Ukwenza lokhu, wonke amahlumela ohlangothini kufanele asuswe, ushiya 3-5 phezulu.
Lapho i-ficus ifinyelela ubude obufunayo, udinga ukugoqa phezulu futhi ngezikhathi usike amahlumela ohlangothini akhiwe.
- Ukusika amahlumela asetshenzisiwe ngokukhetha, ungakha umuthi emaqeleni amaningana.
- Kudingekile ukugcina ama-cuttings emanzini cishe Amaviki angu-2-4 kuze kuvele izimpande zokuqala.
Isiqukathi kufanele sibekwe ekukhanyeni, kodwa sivikeleke endaweni elangeni ngqo, siqinisekise 80% umswakama kanye nokushisa ama-degrees angu-25. Kubalulekile ukuthi amaqabunga angathinti amanzi, kungenjalo ukubola kungenzeka.
Emanzini, ungangezela ithebhulethi yamalahle acushiwe noma amalahle. Ukusika ngezimpande ezihlwanyelwe kutshalwa emhlabathini okhanyayo.
- Enye indlela yokuqothula - lokhu kuhlwanyela ngokuqondile emhlabathini ovulekile nonomanzi. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemva kokumiswa kwephuzu lokusika, ngemuva kokucubungula ngaphambilini ukusika ngelahle elichotshoziwe.
Ukwakhiwa kwezwe kufanele kufaka i-substrate, peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-vermiculite noma i-perlite yamaminerali.
Ukuze uthole isitsha esinezitshalo zokutshala, izimo zokushisa zenziwa (zifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhwama sepulasitiki noma ngaphansi kwesibuko, isibonelo, ngaphansi kommbiza), ungakhohlwa ukuhlala unomhlabathi futhi uwuvule ukuze uvuselele.
Amaqabunga amasha ezitshalweni azothi ukuthi izimpande zivele, futhi izitshalo ezincane zingase zijwayele ukujwayela izimo ezivamile zamakamelo, ngokuya zibavule.
- Amaqabunga asitshalo alula futhi aphephile. Ukungabi nomswakama, kudinga ukuphulukisa ngokuphuthumayo ficus.
- Amaqabunga aphansi aphenduka aphuzi futhi aqala ukuwa. Umhlabathi unomanzi kakhulu, vumela ubomvu obomvu bese umanzi kaningi.
- UFicus ushiya amafutha, ukhula buthakathaka, amagatsha amasha aphelile. UFicus udinga ukufaka umanyolo noma ukufakelwa kabusha.
- Ingxenye yamaqabunga e-opal, ezindaweni ezisele ezibomvu. Isitshalo sibanda, sithuthele endaweni efudumele.
- Ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga e-ficus white woolly spots. Iphule i-mealybug. Susa zonke izilokazane ngesiponji esithwetshiwe ku-methyl utshwala noma uchithe lesi sitshalo nge-insecticide yesistimu.
- Amaqabunga eFicus ahlanganiswe ama-speck aphuzi, phansi kwesigubhu. Lokhu kubonisa ukubonakala kwesibungu se-spider ebomvu. Spray nge derris, malathion noma insecticide. Kubalulekile futhi ukwandisa umswakama emoyeni.
- Ngaphansi kwamaqabunga e-ficus kanye neziqu zawo kukhona ukukhula okumnyama okumnyama. Lena yi-scythe. Susa izinambuzane nge-swab ikotini ehambelana ne-methyl utshwala noma i-spray insecticide.
Isithombe
Wonke ama-ficus ayingxenye enkulu yezitshalo ezihlobisa amahlamvu. Phakathi kwabo, ungathola izibonelo eziningi ezithakazelisayo kakhulu.Sifuna ukukunaka indaba ephathelene namanga nezinkohliso.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukukhanyisa
U-Tineke uthanda ukukhanya, kodwa ehlobo kungcono ukuyivikela ilanga eliqondile.
Kuzo zonke, Ukusikeka uthanda ukukhanyisa okukhuluNgakho-ke, i-ficus eneqabunga eliluhlaza ayikwazi ukufakwa ngaphandle kwefasitela lewindi, kodwa eceleni kwewindi.
Kodwa-ke, okokuqala ukubuka isitshalo eduze kakhulu: uma engenawo ilanga elanele, amaqabunga aphansi azoqala ukuphenduka aphuzi bese ewa, futhi umkhawulo ophethwe yizinto ezisele kuzobe zingabonakali kangako.
Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sitshalo sizolahlekelwa isikhalazo sayo esibonakalayo, okuzoba nzima ukubuyisela.
Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa kwe-ficus ethwala i-raber kunendlela efana nokunakekela u-Benjamin ficus.
Ukunisela
Ukuphuza ngamanzi afudumele, kulungiswe amanzi. Isikhathi sokuchelela siza lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba luma.
Ngokuvamile bayayinisela kathathu ngesonto, kodwa kuye ngezimo zokuboshwa, imvamisa ingase ihluke.
Ebusika, ungakwazi ukuwasebenzisa kanye kuphela ngesonto.
Qaphela! I-ficus ithanda amanzi, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuphindaphinda umhlabathi, nokugudluza igumbi lobumba, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga azohlanganiswa nezindawo ezimnyama futhi azoqala ukuwa.
Umswakama
UFicus Tineke uyakuthanda umswakama, ngakho-ke kumele kuphethwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi athambile ekamelweni lokushisa.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekushiseni kwehlobo nasebusika lapho amabhethri asebenza. Kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe izinqubo zokuhlanzeka ze-Elastics: zihlanza masonto onke amaqabunga othulini ngeponti emanzi, futhi kanye ngenyanga uhlela ishayela eshisayo ku-Ficus.
Ukwakheka komqhele
I-Tineke ikhula ngokushesha, ngesikhathi esisebenzayo iqabunga elisha livela kanye ngesonto.
Futhi, uhlelo lwempande luthuthuka ngokushesha, okumele luvinjelwe ukuqina kwesibindi kanye nokusika izikhathi ezithile.
Ngenxa yalokho, iba shrub enkulu noma ngisho nesihlahla.
Nakani! Zonke izicucu kumele zihlanjululwe ngendwangu ebomvu kuze kube yilapho ijusi selishiya, bese lifafaza ngamacala aphuziwe.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sithole amagatsha futhi sithuthuke ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka, kufanele sibuyele emafasiteleni ngezinhlangothi zayo ezihlukene ngezikhathi ezithile.
Umhlaba nenhlabathi
Isitshalo se-rubber senjoloba sithanda inhlabathi evundile. Ngakho-ke, enhlabathini ye-peat etholakala esitolo sembali, kufanelekile ukufaka umhlaba nesimila, kanye nesilinganiso esithile somhlabathi ne-peat.
Umanyolo
Yondla "Tineke" kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba njalo kuya emavikini amabili. Izitshalo ezineziqu eziningi ze-nitrogen zihle kakhulu kulokhu.
Ukutshala nokufakelwa kabusha
I-Tineke yatshala lapho uhlelo lwempande luthinta lonke i-clod yomhlaba futhi isitshalo sisebenza ngokuseduze.
Ukufakelwa kokuhamba kahle kungcono kakhulu entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo nge-periodicity once eminyakeni 1-3.
Ibhodlela kufanele likhethwe Usayizi we-2-3 okungaphezu kweyaphambilini. Funda futhi mayelana nemithetho yokufakelwa kabusha kwezinye izinhlobo ze-ficus.
Ukuzala
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokukhiqiza izitshalo yisihlobo sonyaka: ngakho izitshalo ezincane zizoba nesikhathi sokuqina ngaphambi kokuba ekwindla nasebusika kubanda.
U-Tineke, njengoBenjamin, usakazwa yi-cuttings. Ngalokhu udinga ukusika okuphakathi kwamaminithi angama-10-15 cm kusukela phezulu kwe-ficus. Kudingeka ukuthi banqunywe ngommese okhaliphe kahle noma uhlangothi olubukhali.
Lawo maqabunga amabili ahlala e-cuttings anqunywe engxenyeni bese efakwa ngaphakathi kwipayipi ukuze anciphise ukukhuphuka komswakama, kanti ishidi eliphansi liyonqunywa ngokuphelele.
Kusukela ku-incision, hlanza ijusi, okuvimbela ukwakheka kwezimpande, bese ubeka isitsheni samanzi okwesikhashana noma ezimbili. Khona-ke ucezu kufanele lome ngamahora amaningana.
Okunye okunye okukhethwa kukho kungenzeka:
Ukushisa
Tineke - isitshalo esithisa ukushisa. Ukushisa okungcono kunazo zonke kusuka ku-+18 kuya kuma-degree angu -25.
Ehlobo, ingafinyelela Ukushisa kwama-degrees angu-30.
Ebusika, amazinga okushisa ayamukeleka. Ama-15-16 amazinga ezincane kanye nama-5-7 degrees for izitshalo abadala.
Uma i-ficus ingakwazi ukubekezelela ama-frosts amancane, khona-ke ama-drafts kanye nokweqa ngokweqile izimpande kungalimaza. Ngakho-ke akufanele ubeke ibhodlela lakhe egumbini elibandayo noma ewindini.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izifo nezinambuzane ezisongela iTineke zifana kakhulu nezinkinga ezivela kuwo wonke amaficus ngokuvamile.
Isiphetho
Uma ukunakekelwa kahle ekhaya nge-ficus "Tineke" uzohlobisa noma yikuphi ukungaphakathi, njengoba kuyisitshalo esikhulu kakhulu.
Into kuphela engaba nzima ukuhlinzeka ngesitshalo esikhulu esingaba nesikhala esanele sokukhula ngokuphakama nobubanzi.
Ividiyo ewusizo mayelana ne-ficus:
