Izinhlobo eziphakathi kwehlobo elihle elifanelekayo ebhodini eliphakathi - "i-Cathedral"

Noma yisiphi isitimu sesimu yezithelo yakhe yindaba yokuziqhenya.

Wonke umuntu ufuna ukwengeza okuthile okusha ezitshalweni zezithelo kakade ezikhona ukuze zijabulise abathandekayo babo ngezithelo zamanzi nezithelo.

Enye yezihlahla zaseJalimane ezithandwa kakhulu namuhla yizo eliphakathi kwezwe.

Ngemizamo yabalimi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo, enye yazo - ibanga eliphakathi kweKatolika, ngokufanele kubangele isithakazelo phakathi kwabalimi - incazelo egcwele, incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe zesithelo kamuva kulesi sihloko.

Uhlobo luni?

Ipeyari ingowomndeni waseRosaceae. Lo mndeni uhlanganisa izitshalo eziningi zezithelo nezithelo. Inflorescences ye-thyroid noma ngesibhamu.

Ipholiwe yizinambuzane noma umoya. I-cathedral yasePareya ibhekisela kuwo ibanga le-skoroplodny.

Ukuvusa kwenzeka ehlobo ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Ihlukana nokuvuthwa okuvamile.

Izinhlobo zasehlobo zihlanganisa uRossoshanskaya omuhle, uCarmen, uKrasulya noScorospelka eMichurinsk.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

I-Cathedral Pear yavuselwa eMoscow Agricultural Academy (ICCA). Abalobi bezinhlobonhlobo bangabalimi S.P. Potapov no S.T. Chizhov. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zatholakala ngokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili - i-Forest Beauty ne-hybrid "i-Forest Beauty nge"Inhlanzi yokudoba".

Kuvunyelwe ukuzalanisa ngaphakathi Umgqa ophakathiNokho, ngenxa ye-frost ukumelana, kungakhula ezindaweni eziphansi ezisenyakatho. Kudlule ukuhlolwa kwesimo ngo-1990, futhi ngo-2001 - kuhlanganisiwe kwiRejista Yombuso e-Central Federal District.

Pear "Cathedral": incazelo ezihlukahlukene nezithombe

Isihlahla sifinyelela isilinganiso sobude. I-Krone yejamo elungile le-conical. Ubuningi - kusuka ephakathi kuya enkulu. Amagxolo aphephile, aphuzi. Amagatsha aqonde ngqo aqondiswa phezulu, hhayi ngokuvamile atholakala. Izithelo, ikakhulukazi amahlumela wonyaka.

Amahlumela ajikeleziwe, aqondile, abomvu-alubomvu, asemabhodini amancane. Amaqabunga ahlaza, abushelelezi, aphakathi kuya kwabaningi.

I-oval-shaped-point-pointed, concave, emaphethelweni kukhona amazinyo amahle. Ama-blooms aphekwe izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe.

Isithelo se-pear "I-Cathedral" ubukhulu obuphakathi noma ephansi isisindo esisuka ku-110 kuya ku-130 g

Imodi evamile ephakathi kwamehlo, ne-tubercles ebusweni, umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuvuthwa okugcwele, umbala ungashintsha obala ophuzi obomvu obomvu.

Isiqu sendawo ubude obuphakathi, ijika. Inhliziyo yincane, i-rhombic, enezindawo ezincane ezivaliwe. Ezithelo zivuthwe imbewu emnyama enamaqabunga amnyama. Inyama ine-ukunambitheka okumnandi nomuncu, emhlophe, ehlelwe kahle, ephakathi.

Ukunambitheka okukhulu kubonisa izinhlobo eziphakathi kwe-Krasnobokaya, i-Lada, i-Nursery ne-Ilyinka.

Izimpawu ezigcwele zezindawo ze-pear grade "Cathedral":

Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo bese ubona ithini lamapheya e-"Cathedral" lingabonakala esithombeni ngezansi:

Izici

Izithelo zivunwa ngo-Agasti, kodwa, njengezinhlobo eziningi zehlobo, agcinwe isikhathi eside, angaphezu kwamasonto amabili. Ukuthuthwa kwezithelo kuvamile. Amapheya ahlukahlukeneyo "I-Cathedral" inhle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okusha.

Esikhathini esizayo kungcono ukuvuna ngesithelo sezithelo ezomisiwe, ukulungiswa okulandelayo kwe-compotes. Ngendlela eluhlaza yesithelo ingaphekwa ujamu omuhle kakhulu noma usebenzise i-compote.

Ibekezelela isithwathwa kahle. Ukulimaza njalo okuyinto enye yezinzuzo zalolu hlobo. Futhi ibanga linakho kakhulu ukumelana nesilonda. Isivuno singamaphesenti angama-85 angamahektha ngalinye, ngokwesilinganiso kusuka kumuthi ngamunye 35 kg. Ukulimala kuqala kakade ngo-3-4 ngonyaka.

Izitshalo eziphezulu zihluke futhi ekukhunjweni kweZhegalov, Muscovite, Otradnenskaya kanye ne-autumn Yakovlev.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Cathedral Pear ezwela kakhulu emhlabathini. Indlela engcono yokutshala izoba yande umhlabathi we-chernozem. Uma indawo ilawulwa yi-loam noma isihlabathi, kulokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa umanyolo njalo ngonyaka.

Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala indawo emanzi ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Uma kunjalo, kunqunywe ukwenza lokhu, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyihlwanyela egqumeni elilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukugeleza kungalungiswa kuzungeze isayithi lokufika.

Uma utshala isithombo asikwazi ukujula kakhulu, intamo yentamo kufanele ibe ngu-5 cm ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Iphakathi kunesidakamizwa se-pear edingekayongakho-ke kungcono ukuwuthola ngokushesha ngokutshala isitembu sesibili esingekho kude noyokuqala.

Izitshalo zokuvotela izinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni "I-Cathedral": Izingane; Lada; Chizhovskaya.

Emgodini wokufika Kubalulekile ukwengeza umanyolo ophilayo (humus, humus.) Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, lesi sihlahla sizokhula kancane kancane, siba buthakathaka futhi sibe nezifo eziningi.

Amanye ama-fertilizer angasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-humus:

Esikhathini esizayo, umuthi uzodinga nokudla okwanele, okuvame ukuthi kuncike enhlabathini.

Ukufaka umquba kwenziwa enhlabathini evundile uma ukuhlola okubonakalayo kwesihlahla kubonisa ukuthi kusebenza kahle. Uma inhlabathi iyimpofu, ukudla kwansuku zonke kuyadingeka. Amanyolo wamaminerali asetshenziselwa lokhu.

Inani elilinganiselwe lomanyolo ngehora elilodwa lezindawo zokulima:

KUBALULEKILE! Uma ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa ekwindla, akufanele kube ne-nitrogen!

Ngezinye izikhathi ukusizwa kwesihlahla kunconywa ngonyaka wokuqala wezimbali ukuphunga 80% yezimbali. Eminyakeni elandelayo, abalimi abathile balinganisa isivuno.

Kulokhu khetha ingxenye yesithelo esanda kuzalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, izithelo ezisele ziba zikhudlwana futhi zithande uma zivuthiwe. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sihlahla sizobekezelela kangcono ubusika.

Ukusika izikhonkwane zeCathhedral kuhle kakhulu ngo-Apreli, ngaphambi kwephuphuphuka. Ukusoka kuhlose ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesithelo nokuvikela lesi sifo ezifweni.

Ngenqubo enjalo, kunezimiso eziningana:

1. Igatsha linqunywa phansi (hhayi hemp).
2. Amagatsha emhlabathini kufanele asuswe.
3. Amahlumela abuthakathaka kuphela aqedwe.
4. Ungasusa ngaphezulu kuka-14 kwenani lamagatsha.
5. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, ngaphambi kokutshala, amagatsha anqunywa ku-1/3.

Ukuphuza i-pear kwanele kanye ngesonto., Ibhakede elingu-2 ngosuku ngosuku lomuthi ngamunye. Ngesikhathi se-fruiting, inani lokuchelela kufanele landa, njengokwesomiso.

Ukuntuleka komswakama kusongela ukulahlekelwa kwezitshalo ezibalulekile hhayi kulo nyaka kuphela, kodwa futhi ngonyaka ozayo. Kodwa emva kokuqoqa izithelo zokuchelela kufanele kume. Okungafani kungaba kuphela isomiso ekupheleni kuka-Agasti noSeptemba.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Lapho uzalisa i-cathedral eliphakathi kwe-pear, umuntu kufanele agcine engqondweni ukuthi kungenzeka ukutheleleka kwezinye izinhlobo zezifo:

• monilioz;
• i-cytosporosis;
• umdlavuza omnyama.

Ikhasi lalezi ezihlukahlukene okuncane kakhulu okuthandwa yi-moniliosis nokubola okuhlobene. Kodwa uma kwenzeka, kuyadingeka ususe zonke izithelo ezithintekile kuzo zombili umuthi kanye nenhlabathi.

Umthombo wokutheleleka nge-moniliosis yizithelo ezisele emagatsheni ebusika bese zihlala khona kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Uma beqhekekile, khona-ke kukhona amathuba okutheleleka okuphezulu.

Ngakho-ke, kusuka kwamapheya okulenga emagatsheni kusukela ngonyaka odlule, udinga ukuqeda ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze ugweme izithelo ezintsha ezingase zithatheleleke, kudingeka uqaphele umswakama womhlabathi ngesikhathi sonyaka.

Amathuba okuthiwa yi-moniliosis aphansi kakhulu uma umqhele womuthi uphefumula kahle.

Ukuze uvimbele, kunconywa ukuba uhlakaze isihlahla ngesisombululo se-urea (5-7%). Ukuze ugweme ukushisa, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuphuza i-bud.

Ezinye izindlela zingasetshenziswa:

• i-sulphate yensimbi noma yethusi;
• ikhambi le-manganese;
• I-Bordeaux ingxube.

I-cytosporosis ingathinta kuphela umuthi obuthakathaka.. Kubonakala ezindaweni ezithile zegxolo, okuyinto kancane kancane iqala ukuma.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezindaweni ezithintekayo kukhona amaphuzu amnyama amnyama avelayo - izinhlamvu ze-fungus, i-pathogen.

Amagatsha onke angathinteka. Ekulweni ne-cytosporosis, kubalulekile ukusika nokushisa wonke amagatsha agulayo.

Uma isihlahla somuthi sithintekile, kufanele siphathwe ngethusi (2%) noma insimbi (3%) i-vitriol. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlaziya i-20-30 g yeyodwa yezidakamizwa ilitha lamanzi.

Ukusebenzisa ummese, uhlanze ngokuphelele indawo yokusakazwa kwefungus, bese usulalisa nge-sinkinga. Amanxeba kufanele ahlanganiswe ne-pitch engadini. Ukuzivikela okuhle kwalesi sifo kukunakekelwa okufanele: ukudla ngesikhathi nokusika.

Umdlavuza omnyama - Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu sefungal, okuholela ekufeni komuthi wonke. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu ngesimo sezulu esishisayo. Okokuqala, izindawo ezibomvu ezibomvu zivela emaqabunga, okukhula kancane kancane. Amaqabunga ogulayo emagatsheni awahlali isikhathi eside futhi maduzane awe phansi.

Ngezithelo, ukuba khona kwe-fungus kubonakala ngendlela yokubola, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa. Okokuqala, izithelo ziyaba nsundu, kancane kancane zifiphaze futhi ekugcineni zime.

Igxolo elikhuthele lisho uphawu olubomvu, njengamaqabunga. Okulandelayo, lesi sifo sikhula, futhi ukuqhuma kwenziwa phakathi kwesiguli kanye nezicubu ezinempilo.

Ngokunqotshwa kwamaqabunga izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulwa nomdlavuza omnyama Ingxube yeBordeaux, okufanele ifakwe emva kokusila.

Isihloko esiphethwe yi-infem ukuhlanza nokucubungula isisombululo sethusi noma se-sulphate.

Amaqabunga afanelekile nezithelo kumele abhujiswe. (bashiswe), noma ngabe basemhlabathini. Umdlavuza omnyama ngokuvamile uthinta izihlahla ezibuthakathaka.

Ukungabi khona kwezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene, ukuvikelwa okuthembekile ekubhekaneni nokushisa kwelanga, ukuhambisana nobunjiniyela bezolimo kuzokwenza ukuthi kunciphise kakhulu amathuba okutheleleka.

UKUKHONA! Izinhlamvu kanye namanye amagundane kungalimaza igxolo lomuthi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sebusika (elambile). Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukugoqa ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk ngento ekhethekile okufanele idlule umoya.

Uma kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuthola imininingwane enjalo, ngaleyo njongo zifanelekile ezijwayelekile ze-nylon pantyhose.

Ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kwezilokazane zasebusika, bazokwenza umsebenzi wokugcizelela. Nakuba izinhlobonhlobo zamasonto futhi ine-resistance frost enhle, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kunzima futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ubusika beqhwa. Uma umuthi usemncane, isisindo esinjalo angeke sibe yinto engafaneleki.

Ukuphikiswa kweqhwa okuhle nakho: Rogneda, Rossoshanskaya omuhle, Yakovlevskaya and Wonderland.

Ngakho-ke, ipeyari yeCathhedral inezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezingenakunqotshwa.

• Ukuphikiswa kweqhwa eliphakeme.
• Isivuno esihle kakhulu.
• Fruiting yonyaka.
• Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu ezifweni eziningi ze-fungal.

Ukungahleleki kwalolu hlobo kufaka kuphela impilo encane yeshalofu kanye nosayizi omncane wesithelo. Kodwa-ke, labo abanesonto eliphakeme eliphakathi kwekhanda engadini abazisoli ngokukhetha kwabo.

Isihlahla sifanele ukulima cishe cishe kunoma yisiphi isifunda saseRussia (ngaphandle kwesenyakatho). Uma uhambisana nazo zonke izimo zokunakekelwa, umuthi uyozijabulisa ngonyaka umnikazi wakhe ngezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezempilo.