I-epice: imihlahlandlela yokunakekelwa ekhaya kanye nemivini yezithombe

Igama lezitshalo lalesi sitshalo livela egameni lesiGreki elithi episkios - "livulekile" futhi lihambisana nezindawo zokukhula komvelo.

Izincazelo ze-herbaceous zanamuhla zandalala emhlabathini emthunzini wezihlahla ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika.

Ekamelweni lesikhala, lezi zinhlobo zimelelwa njengamafomu okuqala, nezinhlamvu eziningi eziyingqayizivele, ezihlanganisa iphethini elincanyana lamakhasi amabalabala ngezimbali ezimnandi.

Incazelo jikelele yesitshalo

I-Epice - lezi zivini ezingenamahloni ezingenamahloni ngesistimu yezimpande ezingenasisekelo, izitshalo ezinwabuzelayo ezingaphansi komhlaba nezindebe eziningi ezingenhla ngaphezulu ne-rosettes ezinamaqabunga amaqabunga.

Amapulethi amaLeaf - amakhulu, ama-oval, ama-pubescent - anombala wezinhlobonhlobo zamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesibhakabhaka anezibani zokukhanya, ama-iridescent, ama-openwork kanye namabala. Amaqabunga avulekile, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhlobisa, agcinwa esiteshini iminyaka eminingana.

Kusukela entwasahlobo yasemuva kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Izinhlobonhlobo zihlotshiswe ngezimbali eziqhakazile ezifana namatshe abulalayo: i-snow-white, i-blue, i-pink ebomvu, imbala ebomvu, i-orange enelanga. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezithile zalezi zitshalo, umkhawulo wamagundane ugcwele.

Le vidiyo inikeza ulwazi jikelele mayelana nesitshalo:

Isithombe

Isithombe sibonisa u-lissa Episcia, ngokunakekela kahle ekhaya:

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Zonke izinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo azinawo ujusi onobuthi noma ezinye izakhi eziyingozi, kodwa ekamelweni isitshalo singabhekana nemidwebo, ugwayi ugwayi noma imikhiqizo kagesi evuthayo.

Le vidiyo ichaza ukunakekelwa ekhaya:

Ukukhanyisa

Umakhelwane ophansi weLatin American undergrowth udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa ikakhulukazi okungafani.

Ukukhanyisa okuhle kunika amafasitela asempumalanga nasentshonalanga ukuma.

Emafasiteleni asempumalanga entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuthungwa kuyadingeka kusuka emahoreni angu-10 kuya kwangu-14, futhi enyakatho, ikakhulu ebusika, kuyodingeka ukukhanya okwengeziwe.

Usizo! Emakamelweni aqhakazile anezibani ezikhanyayo zemvelo noma eziqakathekileko. Amarekhodi angakhula emibhoshini enamathele ezindongeni.

Ukushisa

Isitshalo esithisa ukushisa singamelana nokushisa kwama-35 ° C ngaphandle kokulimala ngokwayo, noma kunjalo, isikhawu esiphezulu unyaka wonke singama-degrees angu-18 kuya kwangu-25.

Ukunakwa: Ukushisa okungenani okubalulekile ku-16ºС.

I-Episi kufanele ivikelwe kusuka emigqumeni kanye nasehlahleni lokushisa, ikakhulukazi eyingozi esikhathini sekwindla nobusika.

Isiqukathi nomhlabathi

Izimila, ngokuhambisana nohlobo oluphezulu lwesimiso, zifakwa ezimbizeni eziphansi, ezibanzi ngobukhulu obukhulu. Ngisho ne-Episci evuthiwe, ububanzi be-tank abudluli ku-20-22cm. Ukuze ususe umswakama ongaphezu kweqile ngaphansi kwesitsha kufanele ube nomgodi wokugeleza.

I-Loose, i-neutral noma i-acidic encane, inhlabathi evundile evumayo iyadingeka.

Ungasebenzisa i-primer eyenziwe ngomumo we-violets ne-Gesneria, okuyinto i-Epice ehlobene ngayo, noma ulungise ingxube yezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba oqabile ngesinye sezingxenye ze-peat kanye nesilinganiso esifanayo nesihlabathi esiphezulu.

Kuyasiza futhi ukwengeza ama-sphagnum oqoshiwe nomlilo ochotshoziwe.

Ukufika

Beka ungqimba lwamanzi obunwetshiwe noma amatshe amancane phansi kwetangi lokufika. Khona-ke kufanele uthule ungqimba lomhlabathi olungiselelwe, futhi phezulu kuwo ukubeka uhlelo oluyisisekelo sezimpande.

Gcwalisa ingxube yomhlabathi, ukuwufakezela ngokucophelela futhi ungagumbuli intamo yesitshalo, bese uwathululela "ekhaya elisha".

Ukufakelwa

Phindela izibonelo ezikhula kahle ngonyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitshalo zingadluliselwa ku-tank enkulu futhi zigcwale inhlabathi emisha, kepha kanye eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu, ukuguqulwa kokuphulukiswa kuyadingeka ngokuguqula okuphelele komhlaba.

Kubalulekile! Emva kokufakelwa isitshalo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhuphuka komoya nomswakama olinganayo phakathi nesonto.

Ividiyo ibonisa indlela yokufakelwa kahle ekhaya:

Ukunisela kanye nomswakama

Umhlabathi ka-Episcia akufanele usule noma usebenzise umswakama owedlulele. Imvamisa enhle yokunisela ngamanzi athambile ekamelweni lokushisa entwasahlobo nasehlobo - kusuka emibili kuya kwesine ngesonto, ebusika - kancane kancane.

Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanzi akufanele avunyelwe ukuba awe emagqabeni ase-pubescent, kungenjalo izindawo ezibomvu zizobekwa phezu kwazo. Ukunisela okuphansi okunokwenzeka.

Lezi zitshalo, ikakhulukazi ezincane, zidinga umoya omanzi. Esikhundleni sokufafaza, ukuvimbela amaconsi amanzi ukuba awele emaqabungeni, ayancipha emoyeni ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka ibhodlela esitokisini ngamatshe amancane amanzi - amatshe amatshe noma udaka olwandisiwe.

Uma i-Episcia ikhula emgodini wokulenga, i-sphagnum moss ibhalwa phakathi kwezindonga zezimbiza kanye nebhasi, bese iyanamanzi.

Izimo ezinomsoco ezihle zingadalwa endaweni encane yokushisa emincane noma engadini ye-garden terrarium.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Esikhathini sokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nezimbali, entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili.

Ukunakwa: Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kokubili umquba eziphilayo kanye nezingxube ezijwayelekile zezimbiwa zezitshalo zezimbali zihlanjululwa kabili ngamanzi ajwayelekile: zidinga isilinganiso esilinganisako sezakhi.

Ukwindla nokudla kwasebusika akukwenziwa.

Izimbali

Umdabu wasezindaweni ezishisayo, ongenayo isikhathi sokuphumula, ungaphumelela ngokusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla sekwephuzile.

Uma kuhlanganiswa amaqabunga amancane noma angakhiwanga nhlobo, izizathu zisekungabikho kokunakekelwa, okungukuthi:

• inhlabathi idlula njalo;
• ukugqoka okuphezulu kune-nitrogen kakhulu;
• umoya unomile futhi / noma ubanda;
• isitshalo asinakho ukukhanya okwanele.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokugcinwa, imbali ikhula kahle futhi iqhuma njalo isikhathi eside njalo ngonyaka.

Ukudubula

Ukuze udale isihlahla esinamandla sefomu elihle eliwela phansi, amahlumela anciphisa ngokushesha nje lapho lesi sitshalo siqhakaza.

Kulesi simo, izisekelo zamashumela afunyiwe zingatshalwa embizeni yesitshalo somama, kuqinisekiswe ukwakheka komswakama omuncu wamahlumela amasha.

Amaqabunga omile kufanele asuswe ngokushesha.

Ukuzala

Ukusakazwa kwemifino yi-rosettes esebenzisanayo kanye nokusika kwe-stem kulula. Zonke izibonakaliso zesitshalo somama zigcinwa. Indlela yokukhiqiza imbewu iyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izici zezinhlobonhlobo kuleli cala zilahlekile.

Le vidiyo inikeza umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuzalanisa:

Imbewu

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekupheleni kwebusika noma phakathi kwehlobo. Ukuze uthole ama-specimens amancane, ehluma ngonyaka wokuhlwanyela, imbewu ihluma ngoJanuwari-February.

Izimpande zikaJuni noJulayi zizoqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka ozayo.

Impahla enhle yembewu ihlakazekile phezu kwe-substrate ekhanyisiwe ekhanyiswe i-peat nesihlabathi ngamasheya alinganayo.

Ukuhlwanyela kugcwele ingilazi noma i-plastic film ebonakalayo, i-aerated, iwakhiwe futhi igcinwe emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-20ºС. Ukubamba ama-Episci kuvele ngosuku lweshumi noma lweshumi nambili.

Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu angadlula, bese kuthi, njengoba ekhula, angakwazi ukuhlala eziqukathi ezihlukene.

I-rosettes yamaLeaf

Phakathi nenkathi yokusebenza kwentwasahlobo ekhulayo ikhula i-rosette encane, ngaphandle kokusika amadevu-stem ukuxhuma yona kanye nesitshalo esikhulu, prikopat embizeni ehlukile ngenhlabathi encane substrate ehlanganisa isihlabathi ngesigamu ne peat. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe-23-24ºС ukuqothula kungathatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-10. Ngemuva kwalokho, amadevu adutshulwe futhi atshalwe isitshalo ehlukanisiwe endaweni ehlala njalo.

I-stem cuttings

Isithombo sokuvuna sonyaka esineziqephu ezintathu noma ezine ezivela eceleni kwehlumela, ezingenayo amamadevu awo izinqubo. Isiqu singafakwa ngaphambi kokugxila emanzini noma ngokushesha sifike embizeni enhlabathini elula, egcwele i-polyethylene, umoya ovuthayo, oswakanyiswe futhi ugcinwe ekushiseni okungcono kakhulu kwe-22-24ºС. Ukuqothulwa kwe-Episia kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-10.

Isicelo

Ukuhlobisa yonke inyaka ka-Episcuy, ukwakha imfucumfucu yokuqhakaza yezintambo eziningi zendodakazi, isetshenziswe njengesitshalo esimangalisayo se-ampella.

Njengoba kunjalo, ingatholakala ezindaweni ezihlangothini zokuvula amafasitela, kanye nasezindongeni ezihle kahle ngokukhanya kwemvelo noma okufakelwayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo singaba umhlobiso wezinsimu ezihlukahlukene ngemuva kweglasi. Kulokhu, i-Episcia izodinga ukushintshwa minyaka yonke nekhophi encane, njengoba ikhula ngokushesha.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka, izimbangela zabo nokuqedwa

Umbala ogqamile wamaqabunga ulahlekile, amahlamvu kanye nezimbali zome ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngokukhanya okukhulu kwelanga. Kudinga ukulungisa noma ukuhlela kabusha isitshalo.

Amabala aluhlaza emaqabunga avela ngenxa yokuchelela ngamanzi abandayo. Kufanele kube sezingeni lokushisa lokushisa.

Qaphela! Amaqabunga aphuzi nge-excess of fertilizer. Iziqephu zidinga ukudla okulinganiselayo.

Grey ukuqhakaza amaqabunga nezimbali kuba umphumela izifo fungal. Bashaya lesi sitshalo nge-stagnation of humid in the old, hhayi ukushintsha inhlabathi isikhathi eside.

Emaphethelweni amaqabunga aphakama lapho kungekho ukuphuza okwanele okwanele. Kufanele ilungise imodi yayo.

Amathiphu amaqabunga omile, amahlumela abasha awanamandla emoyeni owomile. Kudingeka ukuyihambisa ngokungeziwe ngokufaka isitsha kuphalethi ngamagatsha anamanzi noma ukubeka phezu kwe-sphagnum emanzi.

Amahlamvu ayancishiswa ngosayizi, amahlumela ahanjiswe ngokuntuleka kokukhanya. Kudinga izitshalo zokuhlelwa kabusha noma i-dosochivanie.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ngeziqephu, ukubola nokutheleleka kwe-fungal kuyingozi. Isitshalo esithintekayo sihlala sinesisindo endaweni enomhlabathi owanele.

Ukuvimbela lezi zifo kungukubusa okuhle komswakama kanye nokususwa ngokushesha kwamanzi aqoqwe epanini ngemuva kokunisela.

Uma ukutheleleka kwenzekile, kubalulekile ukulungisa izicuthamandla ezivela ezingxenyeni ezinempilo ze-Episcia bese uzigxila. Zonke ezinye izitshalo nenhlabathi kufanele zilahlwe, isitsha kumele sikhishwe nge-disinfected.

Kubalulekile! Emagqabeni e-pubescent enesikhumba kanye neziqu, ngezikhathi ezithile ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezincane, i-thrips, i-mealybugs ne-whitefly.

Izindlela kuphela eziphumelelayo zokulwa nalezi zinambuzane ziyi-insecticide eziqondiswayo ezihlelekile okufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungiselela.

I-Episkia iyisitshalo esimangalisayo sezitshalo ezifudumele kahle. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezilula zokuqukethwe okuhle, amahlumela ahlukahlukene aqhuma ngokugqamile futhi aqhubeke njalo ngonyaka.