Izwe lakubo "Aporocactus" - izifunda ezishisayo zaseMelikaKuvame ukutholakala emazweni aseMexico aseHidalgo nase-Oaxaca, naseHonduras, ePanama, eNyakatho Peru, eGuatemala naseColombia.
Incazelo jikelele
Amasiko athanda ukuphakama, futhi emvelweni "ekhuphuka" emathafeni amadwala kuze kufike ku-2.5 km ngaphezu kolwandle. Ngezimpande zabo, lezi zi-epiphyte zikhula zibe yizingxenye zamatshe, amagatsha ezinhlanzi ezinamandla nezihlahla, okudala amahlumela amancane ngezinye izikhathi. Amagatsha esitshalo asendle asekelwe phansi futhi aneziqu ezincane ezincane, nezimbambo ezicashile. Ubuso bumbozwe kakhulu nge-golden bristles.
Ukubukwa kusuka esithombeni
Inhlobo ngayinye inezici zayo. Zihlanganisa uhlobo oluhlukile lwehlumela, izithelo, ubukhulu nesimo.
"Weave" (A. Flagelliformis)
I-cactus ye-weave inamathele okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okukhanyayo kufinyelela ku-1 imitha, esigabeni esiphambene - 2 amasentimitha. Ihlumela elincane liqondiswa phezulu, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi liyehla. I-Halos itholakala ebangeni elikude futhi lihlonywe nge-spines encane yegolide efana nama-crystals.
Izimbali zinombala obomvu obomvu, ubukhulu be-funnel, kunalokho bukhulu - cishe ububanzi obuyi-8 cm no-6 cm ububanzi, izithelo - amajikijolo abomvu, agcwele izimpande.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus ethi "Aporokaktus Pleyiform", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
I-Kontsatti (A. Conzattii)
Izitshalo zeContsatti zinyuka, zifinyelele ku-2 cm ubukhulu. Amahlumela - aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nezimpande zangaphakathi. Ukukhululeka kwakha izimbambo eziphansi ezingu-8-12 nama-tubercles. I-Halos iseduze komunye nomunye, izimpande zisakazwa phezu kwendawo yonke.
Izimbali ze-Kontsatti zibomvu ngesithunzi sezitini, kufika ku-9 cm ububanzi. Izinsipho ezisemaphakathi zinemibala enombala obomvu, omsindo - okhanyayo futhi obomvu.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Aporocactus Kontsatti", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
Ackermann (D. Ackermannii)
Iqukethe amahlumela ebomvu anezingqimba ze-scalloped. Izimbali zihamba kahle, zikhulu-kufika ku-10 cm kuthebhu ende. I-corolla ivuliwe kahle. "I-Dizokaktus Akkerman" yaba umthombo wezinhlobo eziningi.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Apococactus Ackermann", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
I-Amazonian (D. Amazonicus)
Izitshalo zalo zidideka kalula ngamaqabunga, hhayi kuphela ngenxa yesimo sendawo, kodwa nangenxa yokungabi nameva. Zakhula zibe cishe imitha. Izimbali - uhlobo lwe-tubular, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, olubomvu, olubomvu.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "i-Aporocactus Amazon", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
"Beformis" (i-Phyllocactus Biformis)
I-"Beformis" ihlumela amahlumela, afana namaqabunga, enqenqenqenqenqenqenqemeni, egatsheni. Izimbali zibomvu, zine pink, zi-tubular futhi ziyingcosana ngobukhulu. Lena enye yezinhlobo zakuqala ze "Dysocactus".
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Aporocactus Befors", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
MacDougallii (D. Macdougallii)
I-cactus inemifino eluhlaza, efana namaqabunga, afinyelela ku-30 cm ubude no-5 cm ububanzi. E-halo kune-pubescence ephuzi. Izimbali - purple-pink, kuze 8 cm ubude.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Apococactus McDougall", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
UMartina (D. Martianus)
Iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufinyelela kumamitha angu-25 ububanzi, ngezintambo ezine-4-5 eziphansi. Izingxenye ezindala zehlumela zizungeze. I-Halos - ene-pubescence ephuzi. Izimbali zinkulu, zibomvu ezinezimpawu ezimhlophe. Amaqabunga angavulekile afana namakhandlela aqotho.
Isithombe sibonisa uMartin Aporocactus cactus, enakekelwa kahle:
"Okuhle" (D. Speciosus)
I-epithet "enhle" iyalungisa ngokwayo ngenxa yezimbali ezinkulu kuze kube ngu-13 cm kanye nokuphakama kwe-8 cm, umbala obomvu nge-bluish tint. Amahlumela abomvu, afinyelele kumamitha ayi-1, ubukhulu be-1.5-2.5 cm. Amazinyo ashiwo kahle emaphethelweni esiqu. E-halo 5-8 ubude bomnsundu obuhlaza obunombala obuphuzi kusuka ku-10 mm.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Beautiful Aporocactus", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
"Eihlamii" (D.Eichlamii)
Amahlumela amancane anama-wavy edges, afinyelela isigamu semitha, ahlelwe kancane. Izimbali zivela zingabodwa noma ngamaqembu ezicucu ezingu-5 ngayinye. Zinezinhlangothi ezincane, ezibunjwa ngamasentimitha angu-6-8 cm, umthunzi we-carmine, ezinezitshalo ezibheka amehlo. Endaweni yabo, izithelo ezibomvu nxazonke ze-1.4 cm zakhiwa.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Aporocactus Eihlamii", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
Macranthus (D. Macranthus)
Izimbali e-Macrantus zikhazimulayo eziphuzi noma zibomvu - uma isiko sikhulile. Ukuphakama kwawo kungu-4-6 cm, eseduze nendawo ephezulu yokukhanya okukhanyayo, ephathekayo efakwe emaphethelweni weziqu. Yiba iphunga elizwakalayo. Izithelo - ezibomvu, kufika ku-10 mm.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Apococactus Macranthus", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
I-Quezaltecus "(D. Quezaltecus)
Lezi zinhlobo zibhekene ne-branching eqinile yeziqu zefomu eline-linear-lanceolate, ubukhulu obuyingxenye yesentimitha. Sinemigqa emithathu ye-halos, lapho kutholakala khona ama-setae angama-15 ahlanzekile.
Amahlumela eseceleni avela engxenyeni ephezulu yamagatsha amakhulu emigqeni eminingana. Ekuqaleni, zibomvu, kamuva ziba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izimbali zivela eziqongweni noma ngaphezulu kwamahlumela. Ngokucacile zibuhlungu, ubude buka-9 cm, buhlaza obomvu. Ama-stamens akhuphuka ngaphezu kwamagundane. Izithelo zinomphetho, zibomvu noma ziphuzi, zize zibe ngamasentimitha amabili ngesayizi.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus ethi "Aporocactus Quezaltecus", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
UPhilansodius (D. Phyllanthoides)
Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi "umqashi waseJalimane". Waba omunye wamaphayona phakathi kweDizokaktus eneziqu ezinzima. Ngokusho komlando, okokuqala ngqa "i-Dizokaktus" yaqhamuka ensimini yaseMalmaison Castle, eyayiyi-Empress Josephine Beauharnais.
"I-Filansodius" idonswe kakhulu. Ihlumela eliyinhloko lizungeza phansi futhi libheke phezulu, lapho lineminyaka yobudala. Ubude bale ndawo buphakathi no-40 cm no-6 mm esigabeni esiphambene. Iziqu zesibili ziyizicabha, i-lanceolate, ibukhali, ihlasele emaphethelweni. Zakhula zibe ngu-30 cm, ububanzi - kuze kufike ku-5 cm. Ubuso buhlaza, ngezinye izikhathi bubomvu, cishe bushelelezi njalo.
Entwasahlobo, izimbali eziqhakaza ziyaqhakaza - zihlotshiswe ngebell, ezimise okwesibhakabhaka, zingenasici. Ubude bomunye - kusuka ku-8 cm, cishe ngo-9 cm usayizi. Ngemuva kokukhahlela, izithelo ze-elliptical, ububanzi be-4 cm, nezimbambo eziphansi zivela. Ekuqaleni ziluhlaza, bese ziphenduka zibomvu.
Isithombe sibonisa i-cactus "Aporocactus Filansodius", ngokunakekelwa kahle:
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Eziningi zezilwane azizithobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa. Kodwa ukuze uzuze izimbali ezimnandi kubo, kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezifanele.
Izimbali
Amaqabunga okuqala avela ekupheleni kwebusika. Lesi sikhathi sithatha amasonto ambalwa, kanti kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, isibonelo, i-Aporokaktus Pleyvidnogo, yonke intwasahlobo. Ukuqhakaza kwakuvulekile, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ukuhluma kuqaphele ukukhanya okukhulu.
Kusukela ngesikhathi sokubonakala kwefihlekile kuze kufike ukuvuthwa kwezithelo, ibhodlela ayilungiswa futhi inhlabathi ayivunyelwe ukuba yome. Ikakhulukazi imibala eminingi kuma-specimens abanjwe esiphambanweni.
Izenzo emva kokuthenga
Ngemuva kokuthi ukuthenga kufanele kuthathwe indawo ye-primer.
Ukugcina izitsha zokuthumela akufanelekile ukukhula.
Izinsuku eziyishumi zokuqala zinika umhlaba owomile, ngoba ukuchelela isitolo kuningi.
Isiko elomisiwe kancane libekezelela ukufakelwa kalula.
Ngemuva kokukhishwa esitsheni, izimpande zihlanzwa nge-peat, zihlolwe ngokucophelela.
Qaphela! Uma zifile, izibopho ezomile, ezomile ezimpandeni noma entanyeni yezintambo, ziyakunqunywa, zifafazwe ngamalahle asetshenzisiwe.
Ngesinye isikhathi kunconywa ukuthi kuhlelwe ukugeza okushisayo (amazinga okushisa okuzungeze 50-55 ° C) ngokungezelela ukubulala i-fungicide kanye ne-insecticide ukuze kutholakale izinto zokutshala ngaphambi kokuthi "ukuhlala" ebhodweni elisha, ukuze ulahle izinambuzane futhi ukhuthaze ukukhula. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo somile endaweni eqondile nezimpande eziqondisiwe.
Kunoma yikuphi, i-cactus kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuphelele - kusukela ezimpandeni kuya phezulu - nge-fungicide noma inambuzane, ngokulandela imiyalelo yamalungiselelo. Ngokushesha ungafaki kuqoqo, udinga "ukwahlukanisa" ngenyanga, futhi uma isitshalo siphelelekile, amasiko aphilile ngeke ashintshwe. Kule ndawo efanelekile ehlukanisiwe.
Ukukhanyisa
"I-Aporocactus" injengokukhanya okukhanyayo, ukukhanya kwelanga eliqondile, lapho ukukhula kuhamba khona futhi kukhula kakhulu. Izindawo ezinhle kunazo zonke emafasitela asentshonalanga nakumafasitela asempumalanga, kodwa ohlangothini olungasenyakatho alufanelekile ngokuphelele.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa nokushisa kuyaphikisana.
Umbuso ophezulu oshisayo ungama-20-25 degrees ehlobo.
"Aporocactus" thanda umoya omusha.
Kodwa ehlobo awashiywa elangeni, ekhetha izindawo ezithuthukile.
Ezinyangeni zasebusika, izinga lokushisa lomoya ligcinwa cishe ngo-10 C.
Kubalulekile ukulondoloza lokushisa ukuhlala okunethezeka kwe-cactus ekuphumuleni.
Umswakama nokuphuza
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, iziqu zifakwe ngamanzi abilisiwe afudumele kusuka ku-sprayer. Lokhu kuzogcwalisa lesi sitshalo ngokuswakama okudingekayo futhi kuvimbele ukuvela komkhakheni. Ukupompa okumanzi ekuseni, ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwamaconsi, kuqale ngoFebhuwari, okwenza kanjalo ziqhakaze.
Ungafafazi ngamanzi asebenzayo., ihlelwe kuphela, ngemuva kokukhipha i-lime. Ngezinyanga zasehlobo, ukuchelela kunamanzi amaningi, okuhlala njalo kumanzi, kodwa akufanele kube khona amanzi epanini. Ebusika, imvamisa yokuphuza iyancishiswa, ikakhulu uma i-Dizokaktus igcinwa emazingeni aphansi okushisa, futhi inhlabathi kufanele imiswe.
Umanyolo
Gcwalisa inhlabathi kusukela ngoMashi izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga, sebenzisa amathuluzi okwenziwe ngomumo we-cacti. Isihlahla kuphela esizoqhakaza - yeka ukudla.
Ukufakelwa
Amasiko eminyaka yokuqala yokuphila adluliselwa njalo ngonyaka., endala - kanye ngeminyaka emithathu, entwasahlobo. Izitsha zokutshala zisebenzisa okuningi nezincane. Ezinye izinhlobo zitshalwe emagqabeni e-oak, ama-snag noma amatshe ashubile.
Inhlabathi isetshenziswe kancane, ekwazi ukulungiswa ekhaya ngokulandelana nale recipe:
- i-peaty, i-turfy land, ishlabathi - ngesinye isabelo;
- isitini esivumelaniswe kahle emanzini - isigamu sokukhonza;
- amatafula amancane noma ama-granite chips - isabelo esisodwa.
Kubalulekile! Ukubunjwa kwenezela amalahle we-birch amancane, aphethwe ngaphambili.
Futhi kuthengiswa ezitolo ngokulungele ukutshala ingxube. Futhi esimweni sokuqala nangesesibili, umhlabathi kufanele wenziwe inzalo.
Ukuzala
Ukukhiqiza ngokusebenzisa i-cuttings, kaningi-imbewu.
Cuttings (cishe ngamasentimitha angu-7) uthathe kusuka phezulu noma uthathe amagatsha ohlangothini, omisiwe izinsuku ezimbili.
Ingxube ye-Peat-sand isetshenziselwa ebhodweni elingajulile elijulile, elifafazwe ngamatshe angamamitha amahlanu ubukhulu obukhulu.
Isibambo senziwe ngokuqondile, sisebenzisa ukwesekwa kanye ne-garter eyenziwe ngeboya.
Hlanganisa umhlabathi ngebhodi le-spray, ugweme ukuxhumana neziqu.
Izimpande zokuqala zivela ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-14. Lapho ihlumela liqiniseka ngesibindi, isipele sisusiwe.
Ukuhluma kwembewu kuthatha izithelo ezivuthiwe. Uma ukufika kuqhutshwa ngoNovemba - Disemba, udinga isibani se-fluorescent, kungenjalo senze ngoMashi - Ephreli. Isembozo sokuhlwanyela nge cap noma ingilazi, eshiya ukufinyelela emoyeni.
Ukwakheka komhlabathi:
- iqabunga lomhlaba (i-lime), isihlabathi se-quartz - esisodwa ngomunye;
- i-peat, izitini zezitini (amanzi okugeleza), amalahle avuthayo - ingxenye eyodwa yesithathu. Umhlaba udinga ukwenziwa inzalo.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ihlwanyelwe i-potassium permanganate amahora angu-12-20.
Emhlabathini bafaka ama-grooves phansi. Ngemuva kokumisa izinto zokutshala, inhlabathi imisiwe ngokuphelele, ishiywe efudumele (+35 o C ngosuku, + 20 o C ebusuku), indawo ekhanyayo. Izinyanga ezintathu zokuqala qinisekisa ukuthi igumbi lihlala limanzi.
Izifo, izinambuzane
Ingozi emasiko yilezi:
- i-nematodes;
- ama-scythes;
- isicabucabu
"I-Aporocactus" noma "i-Dizokaktusy" ibhekwa njengokuthembisa ukuthi idijithali yangaphakathi. Ngezindleko eziphansi, ngisho nomuntu oqalayo angangena endlini yakhe ingxenye yepharadesi, okuzojabulisa izimbali eziyinkimbinkimbi.
