Unquma ukutshala nokukhula isihlahla se-orange kusuka etsheni.
Yiqiniso, ungathola umuthi omuhle ozokhanya ngokukhazimulayo, okuzovela izithelo ezihlwabusayo, kodwa udinga ukulandela imithetho nemfihlo yokukukhuphula.
Okushiwo ukutshala kabusha nokunakekela isitshalo, isithombe sokuthi ukhule kanjani i-orange esitokisini ekhaya, indlela yokutshala ngayo, uzothola konke okudingayo kulesi sihloko.
Ukukhula ekhaya
Ukusuka emathanjeni
Ngakho, ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye ne-orange eyenziwe ekhaya, kwenziwa ngesikhathi uzoqala ukuthela izithelo emva kweminyaka engu-6-7.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-orange etsheni, amatshe ngokwawo agonywa amahora angaba ngu-12. Alungiselela ingxube yezithelo ze-citrus, ezingathengwa esitolo.
I-Bone orange orange efakwe ebhodweni, ebeka eceleni kwalo, ifafazwe ngendwangu yomhlabathi, eyomisiwe. Ibhodlela eliphethe ithambo elitshaliwe limbozwe nge-cap ebonakalayo futhi lifakwe endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo.
KUBALULEKILE! Ungavumeli i-hit ngezinhlumela zemigqa eqondile - i-orange izofa.
Amahlumela kufanele avele emavikini angu-4-5. Ama-specimens amakhulu kunazo zonke ahlwanyelwe ezitsheni ezihlukene futhi asekhulile, Njengesihlahla esithengwe esitolo.
Indlela yokutshala?
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-orange etsheni, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukugoma kuyindlela eyinhloko yokuqinisekisa ukuhluma kwe-orange. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugoma:
1. Isibambo
Ngaphambi kwenqubo, isiqu sinqunywe esicelweni se-fruiting kakade. Uma usika isiqu ngaphambili, isibonelo, usilethe kude, ke gcina esiqandisini. Ukuze ugcine isitoreji, gcoba ukuphela ngekotini emanzi bese ubeka ingenalutho esikhwameni. Ngakho, ukuhlanganiswa kuzohlala cishe inyanga.
Ngaphambi kwenqubo, amagatsha kanye nama-spikes asuswa emsebenzini. Indawo yokugoma isuliwe futhi yinqunyiwe. Khona-ke amagxolo aphindiwe futhi ukusika kunamathele esiteshini.
Lungisa lo mshini nge-tape yokugoma noma i-tape, egoqwe nge-polyethylene bese ubeka endaweni efudumele. Iphakheji isusiwe ngemuva kwamasonto angu-3-4, futhi ngemva kwamanye amaviki amabili - susa i-harness. Uma ukuhlanganiswa akuzange kuphenduke umnyama, kodwa kuvele kuphuzi, khona-ke inqubo yaphumelela.
Ukukhishwa kwemali
Uh
khona-ke i-greft iso, okungukuthi izinso ezihlukene kusuka esitshalweni se-fruiting.
Iso kumelwe lilele, kusukela isikhathi esinconywe sokugonywa okunjalo yikwindla.
Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, i-peephole izovuswa futhi ihlume.
I-peephole ifakwa engxenyeni ehlangothini ye-trunk, ehlanganiswe nefilimu.
Ihlumela le-Orange kufanele livele emva kwamasonto 3-4.
Ngaphandle kwendlela ethandwa kakhulu yokukhula etsheni, lesi sitshalo singasakazeka ngokwemvelo.
Inoculation
Faka i-graft ye-orange engxenyeni ye-lemon. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise lezi zinhloso i-orange yangaphakathi eluhlaza.
Isibambo
Kusukela emthini wezithelo i-stalk ehlukanisiwe ne-3-4 efihlekile. Ubude bokungabi nalutho ngu-10 cm. Kunqunywe kusuka emahlathini angewona amaqhwa angaphuli, kodwa aguqe.
Ukusika izimpande, ibekwa endaweni encane ye-wet ezimweni zokushisa. Ukuvuna izimpande kunika emavikini angu-3-4. Ukusika ngokushesha kuqala ukukhula futhi kushiya kuvele kuyo.
Ngemuva kokuqothula ama-cuttings ehlezi esitsheni enenhlanganisela ye-turf, isihlabathi, i-humus ne-sheet ingxube. Uma uphinde ufake, zama ukulimaza izimpande ezintekentekile. Ngonyaka wokuqala, ihlumela lihanjiswe kathathu embizeni entsha nasenhlabathini, nekhasi elingu-1.
Ukubeka
Emthini omdala, kukhethwe ihlumela oneminyaka engu-1 ubudala. Ubude begatsha - 25 cm, ububanzi - 0.5 cm.
Ngesikhathi sokuphakama kwe-12 cm kusuka kwesisekelo 2 ukusikeka kwenziwa kwindilinga, igxolo lisuswa kusayithi.
Isitsha sokusika sifakwa kulokhu okusikiwe. ukuze iphuzu elinqunyiwe laliphakathi nendawo.
Ama-Halves agxilwe futhi agcwaliswe nge-moss. Ngaphezulu kwengubo yokugcina umswakama ogoqwe ngefilimu.
I-Twig izonikeza izimpande ngenyanga. Iqedwa ngokucophelela futhi ifakwe kwisitsha esihlukile. Ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo kufanele kwenziwe ngezinsuku ezingu-15 endaweni yokuthungatha.
Ukuthenga isithombo sokulungele
Ukuthenga izithombo ezinamathelisiwe ezilula ziyindlela elula yokuthola izithelo ngesikhathi esifushane kunokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ama-oranges akhula ezikhungweni ekhaya.
Emva kokuthenga lesi sitshalo kudingeka ukufakelwa shintsha indawo yokuthutha kanye ne-substrate. Kodwa ungenzi ngaso leso sikhathi. I-Orange kuqala kufanele ijwayele izimo ezintsha. Ukufakelwa kahle kungenziwa izinsuku ezingu-3-5 ngemuva kokuthuthela endaweni entsha.
Umuthi omncane ufakwa engxenyeni yezingxenye ezimbili ze-turf, kanye nengxenye ye-humus, isihlabathi ne-leaf mix.
Ungayinakekela kanjani?
I-Orange ingumntwana wokukhanya nokushisa. Kulandela eseduze namafasitela asempumalanga noma entshonalanga futhi ugcine izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwama-degrees angu-20, ungavumeli ilanga lingene esitshalweni. Ukuze uhlakulele ngempumelelo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi unakekela kanjani ekhaya.
Ukunisela kanye nomanyolo
I-Orange unomswakama-onothando, ngakho ehlobo nasentwasahlobo bayayinisela nsuku zonke. Futhi phakathi nenkathi eyomile, kabili ngosuku.
Uma umoya ohlala endlini usomile, kufanele futhi uphethwe. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ungadluli inhlabathi, izimpande zalokhu kubola.
Amanzi ukuphuza ukuphuza ezihleliwe noma ezibilisiwe, njengoba usawoti oqukethwe emanzini okupompi uyonakalisa.
Ukunakekela ukunakekelwa kwe-orange yangaphakathi ekhaya ebusika nasekwindla, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise kuya kwesinye, izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto.
Ukufaka umanyolo kusetshenziswa umanyolo okhethekile, ukuwushintsha ngesisombululo somquba wezinkukhu. Umanyolo usetshenziselwa ukuchelela kanye njalo kuya kwamasonto amabili.
Indlela yokufeza izimbali?
Ukuze kulungiswe kahle i-orange udinga ukwakha umqhele walo ngokunciphisa. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba izimbali zivela emahlumela, ziqala ngomyalelo wesihlanu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze kubonakale izimbali eziningi kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwazo.
KUBALULEKILE! Amagatsha asempumalanga 10-15 cm ubude obude. Kudingekile ukuba ususe amapheshana amabili nesithathu kusukela phezulu kwehlumela, ushiye ophezulu kuwo. Esikhundleni samaqabunga aqhakazile amaqabunga azovela, futhi kuzovela amahlumela azokhula, lapho enza khona inqubo efanayo.
Uzothola isihlahla esinamandla esinezihlumela ezincane futhi ezivame ukukhula. Lapho kuvela amagatsha e-4, ukubunjwa kungabhekwa njengokuphelele. Yilo muthi ozosinika izimbali eziningi kamuva.
Ukusika okunye kuhlanganisa nokususa amagatsha omisiwe namahlumela akhula ngaphakathi. Ukwakheka kwefihlekile kuyadingeka ukunikeza izinga lokushisa kwama-degrees angu-18.
Ukukhiqiza izithelo
Asikwazi ukuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-ovari kuzo zonke izimbali eziqhakazayo. Izithelo ezingu-2-3 kuphela ezishiywe ngonyaka wokuqala, isitshalo seminyaka engu-4-5 singavunyelwa ukukhula kusuka ezintweni eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-10.
Orange - umbono wokuzivocavoca Nokho, ungamsiza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ibhulashi elithambile ukuze uhambise ngaphakathi kwembali elilodwa, bese ngaphakathi ngaphakathi.
Ukunakwa kwakho kwe-orange ngaphakathi kwesithombe:
Ukunakekelwa kwebusika
Ukuze izimbali zakuqala zidinga ubusika obufanele. Ngalesi sikhathi, nikeza amazinga aphephile, ama-10 - 12, ukuchelela okungajwayelekile. Lesi sikhathi sokuphumula sikhuthaza ukukhula ngesikhathi sokukhula.
KUBALULEKILE! Ngaphandle kokubanda ebusika kwezimbali, ngakho-ke isithelo asikwazi ukulinda.
Ukufakelwa
Ukuvama kuncike eminyakeni yobudala. Ngihlwanyela isitsha esisodwa ngonyaka, isitshalo seminyaka engu-3-4 - kanye kanye neminyaka emibili, iminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyodwa ubudala - kanye nanye njalo emithathu. Izimbiza zilungiselelwa amamentimitha ambalwa ngaphezu kokudlule.
I-orange esitshalisiwe indlela yokuguqulwa kwesimo sezwe. Kumele kube khona ungqimba okwanele we-drainage phansi ukuze izimpande zingapheli-zihambisana nokuchelela ngokweqile.
Izifo
Lesi siko sibhekene nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-fungal, imbangela yalokho okungukuthi i-overmoistening yenhlabathi. Into eyingozi kunazo zonke ukwelashwa kwe-gamma (hommoses).
Lapho ukutheleleka, igxolo le-trunk nezimpande ziyafa, futhi uketshezi oluphuzi luqala ukuphuma ezindaweni ezigulayo. Isizathu saleso sifo singcwatshwa ukutshala ngokuhambisana nokulimala kwempande lapho kukhululeka.
Izindawo ezincane ezithintekayo zingahlanzwa futhi zilashwe kuqala ngesisombululo sokubulala i-disinfecting, bese zipheka ngegadi. Uma ingxenye ebalulekile yesitshalo ithintekile, ngeke isabele ekwelapheni, ilahlwa.
Ukuvimbela i-antarocnosis, i-wart kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo Kunconywa uketshezi lweBordeaux.
KUBALULEKILE! Isihlahla esinezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane angeke siphulukiswe.
Kungani amaqabunga ewa?
Zonke izinkinga nezifo ze-orange zihambisana nokunakekelwa okungalungile kuye. Ngakho-ke, uma amahlamvu ephenduka aphuzi bese ewa, kusho Wenza amaphutha alandelayo:
- ushintsho olusheshayo ezimweni zokuboshwa. Abalimi be-flower bathanda ukuhamba ngezilwane zabo ezifuywayo emgwaqweni noma emabhonyini. Uma lesi sitshalo sasihlala endaweni epholile, bese sishaya ngokuzumayo ekamelweni elifudumele, ukulahlwa kweqabunga kuqinisekisiwe;
- ukuphuza okungalungile. Ukugqithisa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, noma ukunqotshwa kwayo okungavumelekile. Akathandi umoya omile;
- ukunxusa Umanyolo omningi akulungile. Isitshalo sondliwa kanye ngesonto, kanti ebusika akusiwo umanyolo nhlobo;
- ukungabi nokukhanya. Awunakukugcina kumafasitela asenyakatho noma emaceleni amnyama;
- okuqukethwe okushisa okuphezulu ebusika. Ungabeki i-orange eduze namabhethri phakathi nenkathi yokushisa. Uma umoya endlini ewomile, fundiza amaqabunga ngamanzi kanye ngosuku.
Izinambuzane
I-Citrus Worm: inambuzane ehlanganiswe nezinqubo ezinama filamentous emzimbeni we-5-mm. It ihlala phezu ngaphansi ngaphansi amahlamvu, eshiya i powdery deposit.
Izindlela zomzabalazo - ukwelashwa ngesisombululo sensipho yasendlini, bese kuthiwa inambuzane.
Shchitovka: ihlanganisa amaqabunga anezinambuzane ezibomvu. Umzimba wezinambuzane uhlanganiswe negobolondo, okungenakwenzeka ukuba ubuthi.
Ngakho-ke, le nkathazo ihlanjululwa amaqabunga nge-swab ikotini efakwe utshwala noma isisombululo sensipho.
Ukuze kuvikelwe umqhele ngemva kokususwa kwezinambuzane eziphathwe nge-insecticide.
Aphid: ukubonakala kwalo kubonakaliswa yi-plaque enamathele emaqabunga. Izindlela zokulwa nama-aphid zifana nokulwa nesihlangu.
I-red citrus mite: qaphela ukuthi le nkathazo inzima kakhulu, ngoba incane kakhulu. Uhlala phezu kwendawo yonke futhi uphonsa ijusi kuwo.
Isitshalo siqala ukukhula, amaqabunga nezithelo zikhubazekile. Ukuze uvimbele ukushaywa komuthi, i-orange ihlanzwa nge-2% emulsion yamafutha.
Indlela yokutshala evulekile
Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi ebusika izinga lokushisa aliwa ngaphansi kwe-12-15 degrees. Uma uhlala endaweni yezulu ngesimo sezulu esinzima, singakhula kuphela endaweni yokushisa.
Ukutshala, indawo ephakanyisiwe ikhethiwe, lapho izihlahla zihlaselwa khona. Ukutshala kwenziwa entwasahlobo, enhlabathini enqunywe kahle futhi ehlwanyelwe kakhulu. Ukuze uthole okunomsoco, inhlabathi ihlotshiswe ngamanyolo eziphilayo.
Uma utshalwa, i-collar yezimpande ingcwatshwe kancane ukuze ibe sezingeni eliphansi uma unisela. Izwe lichotshoziwe kancane, liphuziswa futhi ligcwele. Ukunisela kuze kufike ukuqhuma okugcweleyo kanye kanye ngesonto, ukugcoba inhlabathi ngobuningi.
Ukunakekelwa ukuphuza nokuphoqa ukuphoqa. Ukudla okumbiwa ngamaminerali kwenziwa kabili ngesikhathi sokudla. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo, ezinelanga, isitshalo kufanele sibe yi-pritenyat. Ukugwema amaqabunga ashisa.
Ngaphezu kokuphuza nokukhululeka Ama-fungicide nama-insecticide kufanele aphucwe njalo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba isihlahla sama-orange kulula ukuzivikela ezifweni nasezinambuzane kunokwelashwa.
