Izizathu zokuwa kwama-apula ahlukahlukene: izifo kanye nezinambuzane, ukunakekelwa okungekuhle, izinqubo zemvelo yemvelo (inani ngokweqile lamahlumela ezimbali). Ukuqeda le miphumela emibi, kuyadingeka ukuphatha lesi sitshalo ngama-insecticides futhi ulungise umbuso wokunisela.
Izimbangela zokuchitha ngaphambi kwesikhathi eside ama-apula
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuchitheka kwama-apula ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okungaba umthelela omubi wezinto zangaphandle (izifo, izinambuzane, isimo sezulu) noma ezinqubweni zemvelo (umuthi awukwazi ukuhlinzeka ukuvuthwa kwazo zonke izithelo futhi uphoqelekile ukuba uzilahle kusaluhlaza).
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Enye yezimbangela ezivamile ukukhula kokubola, okwenziwa ngenxa yomonakalo wesitshalo ngenundu.
Lesi sinambuzane singesinye esiyingozi kakhulu, ukuze sikhombe, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela ama-apula awile bese uwasika ngommese, uma kukhona izibungu ngaphakathi, khona-ke isihlahla siyathinteka.
Ukunakekelwa okungafanele
Uma umuthi ubukeka uphilile, kepha ama-apula ancipha, kufanele ucabangele kabusha izici zokunakekela isitshalo, mhlawumbe kungukuntuleka noma umswakama ngokweqile.
Uma kungekho manzi anele, khona-ke amaqabunga ayithatha esithelweni, okuholela ekuchitheni. Imvamisa, le nkinga ibonwa ezihlahleni ezikhula emhlabathini okhanyayo, kuxhunyekwe kuwo futhi kutholakala ezingxenyeni eziyiziphuphu (indlela yokusabalalisa imifino evumela ukuthi ukhule izinhlobo ezithile zezihlahla zama-apula ezingaphansi).
Ukunisela
Ukubona ukuthi ngabe kuyadingeka yini ukunisela umuthi we-apula, udinga ukubheka umhlabathi ngaphansi komqhele, uma inhlama inyumbile, kungakuhle ukuthambisa isitshalo. Into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuthambisa ngokweqile kubangela ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ngenxa yalokho impande ingakwazi ukuthambisa izithelo namahlamvu.
Ukuze umuthi ukhule futhi ukhule kahle, ukuthambisa isikhathi esingu-3 kwanele, kodwa kuphela uma umhlabathi uthola umanzi ube ngamasentimitha angaphansi kwamashumi ayisishiyagalombili. Isheduli yokuhumusha injengokulandelayo:
- ngaphambi kokuqhakaza;
- ngesikhathi se-ovary;
- ngaphambi kwesithwathwa.
Lapho uthambisa, kuyadingeka ukudala i-roller esuka emhlabathini eceleni komngcele womqhele futhi uthele uketshezi eceleni kwendandatho yawo.
Ukuwa njengenqubo yemvelo
Izihlahla ze-Apple zinezimbali eziningi zezimbali, ngasinye sazo esikwazi ukukhiqiza izimbali ezinhlanu. Kepha cishe ngamaphesenti ayishumi kuphela athela izithelo. Lokhu okunye kuyaphela lapho ama-aphula esibelethweni, noma ama-apula angavuthiwe alahlwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Kwesinye isikhathi izithelo ezivuthiwe zingawa, lokhu kuvamile ezinhlotsheni ezithile: iLightouse, Manten. Ama-apula achotshoziwe ayathelwa futhi ashiywe alale phansi.
Ezinye izizathu zokuthi ama-apula akhonjiswe engadini
- Ukupholisa impova. Njengoba isihlahla sama-apula siyisitshalo esimbozwe impova, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingakwazi ukufaka umanyolo. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekuheha izinambuzane eziphethe impova.
- Isithwathwa sekwephuzile. Lapho amakhaza eza ngemuva kokuba izithelo sezimisiwe, lokhu kuholela ekuchitheni.
Izimpawu zokubulawa yindlala
- ukupenda kwamahlamvu;
- ukupaka;
- ama-apula awayo.
Isihlahla se-apula esinempilo sidinga umsoco oqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esigabeni ngasinye sokukhula, ukondliwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka. Isibonelo, kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya kuJuni, isitshalo sidinga i-nitrogen, ukugqoka ngaphezulu kwenziwa njalo - kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izimpande ezingajulile ezisebenzayo zisemngceleni womqhele wesihlahla.
Yonke imbuthano yesiqu idinga ukondliwa. Kuyadingeka ukwakha ama-grooves amancane futhi uthele umanyolo kuwo. Inani layo linqunywa ngokubheka imithamo ekhonjiswe kwiphakheji.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: ukuthi yini ongayondla, ukuze ungakhuhli?
Ukunciphisa amathuba okuthi ama-apula awele lapho kuvezwa izinto zangaphandle, i-superphosphate kufanele isetshenziswe. Kuthatha cishe ama-20-25 amagremu wesidakamizwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Umanyolo uyachitheka egreyini elakhiwe ngaphambilini ngokuzungeze wonke umkhawulo wethala. Kumitha ngayinye egijimayo, kuthelelwa ibhakede elilodwa.
I-potassium sulfate ingasetshenziselwa ukuvimba ukuwa kwezithelo (uma isitshalo singenawo lo muthi). Amagremu ayisi-5-10 womkhiqizo ayathathwa bese ehlanjululwa ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi. Kusebenzisa umanyolo kuyafana nokusebenzisa i-superphosphate.
Futhi, la ma-superphosphate ne-potassium angahlanganiswa, khona-ke ingozi yokuchitha ama-apula izoncishiswa kakhulu.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane
Inundu eligcina ikhodi libhekwa njengesinambuzane esiyingozi kunazo zonke esihlahleni sama-apula; phakathi nenkathi yemvelo lingabaza izithelo ezingaba ngu-700 izibungu zalo, ngaleyo ndlela libangele ukulimala okukhulu kwesihlahla. Ungabhekana nalesi sinambuzane usebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:
- ukuhlanza kanye nokubulala magciwane ama-storages nemijikelezo yeziqu;
- ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ezinambulala zinambuzane ngesikhathi sokundiza okusebenzayo kwezinambuzane;
- ukwethulwa kwezicupho ze-pheromone;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zokulawula izinambuzane;
- ukutshalwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezingangeneki kalula ezinambuzaneni.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi ungagezi imibuthano kuphela esiqwini, kodwa futhi negxolo, okuthambekele ekukhipheni, ngoba amacimbi angangena kunoma yikuphi ukuqhekeka.
Ama-insecticides angakwazi ukubekezelela kuphela izimvemvane esezivele zibanjiwe, kepha selokhu isikhathi sokubonakala kwazo seluliwe, kuzothatha izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyishumi. Kusetshenziswa womabili amakhemikhali kanye namagciwane. Phakathi kwemithi esebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu i-Admiral ne-Insegar.
I-butterfly pupae ivela ezitsheni eziwile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqoqa i-carrion bese uyingcwaba ujule enhlabathini. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, kubalulekile ukusungula amabhande okugebha kuwo lapho amacimbi ahlala ekhethiwe.
Ezinye izindlela
Cishe zonke izimbangela zokuwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwe-apula zingahlukaniswa noma zincishiswe:
- Inhlabathi ye-Acidic ayihlanganisiwe ngosizo lokufakwa kusuka kugobolondo yamaqanda ama-5-6. Ilungiswa kanjena: igobolondo lifakwa embizeni yelitha, ligcwaliswa ngamanzi emaphethelweni futhi lifakwe izinsuku ezingama-3-5, kuze kube yilapho uketshezi luba namafu futhi kube nezindlela zokuhogela ezinobuntu. Ngemuva kokuthi leli thuluzi lisetshenziselwe ukunisela umuthi we-apula, lenziwa kuze kube yilapho izithelo ziwa.
- Umthelela ongemuhle weqhwa ungathathi hlangothi ngezindlela eziningana: umuthi uphathwa ngesisombululo se "Ovary", umqhele uthelwa ngamanzi abandayo kuze kuphume ilanga.
- Ungalwa ngisho nobudala besihlahla - ukuklanywa kwamagatsha okufika ngesikhathi kwenziwa. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi uma uhlaza isihlahla ngokungalungile, unga, umehluko, obangela ukuthi ama-apula awele.
- Ngokuvuthwa okungalingani kwezithelo, kanti ezinye sezivele ziwe, kanti ezinye azikavuthwa ngokuphelele, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izithasiselo zokukhula. Ezisebenza kakhulu kuzo zithathwa njenge-Immunocytophyte neNovosil.
Lapho wenza lezi zinyathelo, amathuba ama-apula awayo ancishiswa kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukulandela ngokuqinile imiyalo yokwenziwa kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene okuhloswe ngazo ukulwa nezinambuzane.
