I-Fuchsia yi-shrub ehlala njalo eNingizimu Melika. Isitshalo sezindlu sigcina isidingo sokuba umswakama ophezulu nokushisa okulinganiselayo. Ukuqhakaza okukhulu kuqhubeka kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba.
I-fuchsia ekhulayo ekhaya idinga ukuhambisana nemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Indlela yokutshala i-fuchsia, izinkinga ezikhona zokunakekela - funda.
Indlela yokutshala ekhaya?
Isitshalo esithengiwe noma i-cut cut of flower fuchsia izothatha izimpande bese iqala ukukhula, ngokwemithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa. Impilo yesitshalo ixhomeke enhlabathini nasezimweni ezikhethiwe.
Ungakhetha kanjani ibhodlela?
Njalo ngonyaka, lapho ukufakelwa kabusha, ubukhulu bebhodlela banda ngo-2-3 cm. Uhlelo lwempande lembali kufanele lubophe ngokugcwele igumbi lobumba. I-sours yomhlabathi yamahhala, ebangela izimpande zibole.
Izinto eziphakanyisiwe - i-ceramics, ukukhanya kombala. Ibhodlela elinjalo ngeke lishise ilanga. Emapulasitiki amnyama, izimpande zesitshalo ziyafa ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu. Ngaphansi kwe-tank kufanele kube imigodi yamanzi.
Ukwakheka komhlaba
I-Fuchsia idinga i-substrate enezakhi ezinomsoco nge-acidity engathathi hlangothi. Inhlanganisela ephakanyisiwe eyenziwe ngomhlaba wonke okwenziwe izitshalo zezimbali. Ukuze uthuthukise isakhiwo, i-baking powder yanezelwa enhlabathini - i-perlite, i-vermiculite, i-coconut substrate.
Uma ufisa, inhlabathi ilungele ngokuzimela:
- i-peat, ama-humus amaqabunga, umquba, isanti, ku-1: 1: 1: 2;
- Umhlabathi ohlaza: i-peat: isihlabathi (3: 1: 1).
Ngaphansi kwebhodlela wathululela ungqimba lwamanzi obumba obunwetshiwe noma amatshe amancane. Kuzovimbela ukuqhuma kwamanzi kanye neaching leaching.
Yini okufanele uyenze ukuze unikeze izimpande ze-scion?
I-Fuchsia shot ihlome emhlabathini noma emanzini. Ukuze ukhule izimpande, okulandelayo kuyadingeka:
- lokushisa okushisayo (20-22 °);
- ukukhanya okuhle okuhle;
- umswakama ophezulu (80-90%).
Izinga elidingekayo lomswakama lizoqinisekisa ukuthi imbiza yeglasi noma isikhwama sigcwele. I-scion iphefumula nsuku zonke, i-condensate isuswa ezindongeni zembiza. Izithombo zifakwe ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukuvela kwamaqabunga amasha emva kwamasonto angu-2-3 kukhuluma ngokuqhuma okuphumelelayo.
Incomo. Amaqabunga aphansi akufanele athinte inhlabathi, ukuze angaqala ukubola. Isidingo sesitshalo somswakama sinciphisa ukusika iziqabunga ezisele ngesigamu.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Ibhodlela le-fuchsia lifakwa emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma entshonalanga. Ohlangothini olusenyakatho luvusa izimbali ezibuthakathaka. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nomoya omusha. Indawo enhle kakhulu yezimbali yikhulumi. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, i-fuchsia ayikwazi ukuthintwa futhi ihlelwe kabusha; ivuselela ngokushesha i-buds.
Izimo zokushisa
I-Fuchsia ibekezelela ukupholisa, futhi ukushisa kubangela ukuphelelwa amandla nokunciphisa amaqabunga. Ukushisa okungcono ngesikhathi sokukhula ku-16-20 °, ebusika ngo-10-11 °. Ehlobo, imbali isuswa kude nelanga eliqondile, okwenza ukuba iqabunga livutha futhi ligcwale izimpande.
Ukunisela
Ukugaya imbali yingxenye ebaluleke kunazo zonke kwezobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Ukuntuleka kwamanzi kuholela ekusomeni, futhi kugobhozela ukubola izimpande. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngamanzi ahleliwe. Umthamo nokuvama kobumswakama kuxhomeke ekushiseni ekamelweni, umthamo webhodlela, isiteji sokuthuthukiswa.
Isilinganiso 100 ml ngayinye 0.5 amalitha, njalo kwezinsuku 3-4. Ukunquma isidingo sokuchelela kuzovumela ukukhohlisa kancane. Ukunamathela kwezinkuni emaphethelweni ebhodweni, uma kumanzi futhi kungcolile, akusona isikhathi. Uma izintambo zomuthi zomhlaba, sekuyisikhathi sokugcoba.
Ukuphuza ngokweqile kuthatha indawo ngokupomfaza. Nakuba zingekho izimbali, lesi sitshalo sibeka ngezikhathi ezithile eshaweni. Ekwindla, inani lamanzi linciphile. Ebusika, ukuphuza okungu-1-2 ngenyanga kwanele.
Umquba
I-Fuchsia ibhekisela ezitshalweni ezidinga ukondla njalo. Imbali encane idinga umanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen. Isitshalo esidala sidinga ukudla okunomsoco okugcwele nge-phosphorus, calcium nezinye izici zokulandelela. Ukusetshenziswa kwezimila eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye ngesonto kuzokwanelisa izidingo ze-fuchsia. Izambatho eziphezulu ezingaphezulu zokugqoka kanye nokulungiselela "Bud" ziphumelela ngesikhathi sezimbali. Amaminerali afana ne-organic.
Umphumela omuhle ukusetshenziswa komanyolo omdala osmocote (Osmokot). Isidakamizwa singcwatshwe enhlabathini ngaphezu kohlaka lwamanzi. Izinto ezimbiwa ngamaminerali zingama-capsules, kancane kancane ziyaqedwa ngesikhathi sokuchelela. Ngentwasahlobo, ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwamahlumela, bahlanzwa nge-magnesium sulfate (1 tsp. Ngama 1 litre amanzi).
Izitshalo zingasetshenziswa nsuku zonke ngokunisela, ukunciphisa ukuhlushwa okunconywe ngezikhathi ezingu-6.
Kuvinjelwe ukondla:
- izitshalo ezigulayo;
- izithombo ezingaphansi kwamasonto amathathu;
- izimbali emhlabathini owomile.
Isithombe
Okulandelayo ungabona isithombe se-fuchsia izimbali:
Indlela yokutshala - cuttings noma imbewu?
I-Fuchsia iphindaphinda imifino nembewu. Esikhathini sokuqala, kusetshenziswe izicuttings, uthathe isitshalo esinempilo. Isikhathi esiphezulu sisentwasahlobo. Ukuze ukhula lwenqwaba yezinyosi khetha amahlumela aluhlaza ngama-2-3 amaqabunga amaqabunga. Ubude be-stalk ngu-10-15 cm. Inqubo inqunywe ngecala elibukhali.
Imithetho yokuzalanisa izihlahla:
- Cuttings igwiliswe ingilazi yamanzi abilisiwe, ufake endaweni ekhanyayo.
- Amahlamvu akufanele athinte amanzi.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10, izimpande zivela.
- I-cuttings ifakwa ibe yi-substrate evulekile ye-fuchsia.
- Iviki lokuqala ligcinwe ngaphansi kwegumbi leglasi, lihamba nsuku zonke.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu:
- Ngaphansi kwezimbande ukulungiselela ukukhanya kwenhlabathi yomswakama: i-turf emhlabathini, i-peat, isihlabathi.
- Imbewu ifakwa enhlabathini enomswakama, icindezelwa kancane. Isikhathi sokufika ngoMashi.
- Ukuhluma kubonakala ekukhanyeni, imbewu akufanele igxile emhlabathini lapho ithela.
- Isitsha esiphezulu esihlanganiswe ngilazi noma ifilimu.
- Amahlumela aboniswa ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-30. Ukukhishwa kususiwe.
- Emva kwezinyanga ezimbili, izithombo zitshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Ukudla okunamafutha kunezinzuzo eziningana phezu kwenzalo yokusabalalisa:
- Isiqu se-fuchsia sizuzisa ifa lomkhiqizo womama, kodwa ayikho imbewu.
- Ama-blooms we-shot root asekuqaleni konyaka ofanayo.
- Ukukhiqiza ukusika kuthatha isikhathi esincane sokudla.
Indlela yokusakaza i-fuchsia ne-sheet, funda lapha.
Imithetho ekhulayo
Umjikelezo wokuphila we-fuchsia uhlukaniswe ngesikhathi sokusebenza (entwasahlobo-ekwindla) kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula (ebusika). Ngesikhathi sokukhula, imbali idinga ukuchelela, ukukhanya, ukufaka umquba. Ukwelapha kufaka phakathi ukunciphisa nokuphina. I-pinching yokuqala iyenziwa nge-cuttings eziphakathi kuka-2-3. Inqubo iphindaphinda njengoba ikhula. Ukunciphisa kwenziwa kabili. Ngaphambi kokuba amagatsha aqhathaniswa nobusika asuswe. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, amahlumela abomile asusiwe, ukuphakama okunempilo kuncishiswe yi-1/3. Ngemuva kokudubula, imbali ifakwa emhlabathini omusha.
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi sokuphumula sifika ebusika. Lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa egumbini elinokushisa kwama-10-12 °.
Ukuphuza okungajwayelekile, i-subcortex iphelile ngo-Okthoba. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela abuyele efasiteleni elikhanyayo, athele ngamanzi afudumele. I-cuttings esele ngemuva kokusika izihlahla ezinamanzi noma enhlabathini.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nemithetho yokukhula kwe-fuchsia lapha, futhi lapha satsho ngama-nuances we-fuchsia engadini ekhulayo.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Umonakalo wezitshalo ungahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili. Ezinye zibangelwa ukunakekelwa okungalungile, kanti okwesibini ngokutheleleka ngefungi noma amabhaktheriya.
Amaphutha wokuqukethwe
- Amaqabunga ama-pale, amabala aphuzi - ukuntuleka kwezakhi. Kudingeka isithasiselo esibanzi kakhulu.
- Ukuwa kwamaqabunga namafihlekile - ukwephulwa kombuso wokunisela, inhlabathi igcwele noma idliwe ngokweqile. Inkinga efanayo kwenzeka uma kunokuntuleka kokukhanya.
- Izimbali ezimfushane - Kunezizathu eziningana: ukuntuleka kokudla noma umswakama, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo nezinambuzane
Isifo esivame kakhulu se-fuchsia yi-rust. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokutheleleka yizindawo ezinsundu ngemuva kwamacembe. Ukugqwala kusakazeka ngokushesha, ukuqaphela izimpawu zesifo, kuhlukanisa imbali. Amahlamvu ashintshiwe anqunywe futhi abhujiswe. Isitshalo nenhlabathi iphathwa nge-drug "Topaz".
Igumbi lezinambuzane i-fuchsia whitefly ne-spider mite. Umphumela womsebenzi wabo obalulekile ubuna futhi amaqabunga awe. Inambuzane "Aktara" noma "Condifor" isetshenziswa ngokumelene ne-whitefly. Ukulwa nomkhawulo kusho "Akarin", "Fitoverm". Kuthatha izindlela ezintathu zokwelapha.
Amaphutha ekutshaleni nasekukhuleni kuthinta ubude bokusila nobukhulu befihlekile. I-shrub ekhanyayo idinga ukukhanya okuhlakazekile, umoya omningi nomswakama. Ngesikhathi sehlobo, udinga indawo lapho izinga lokushisa lingeke lidlule ku-20 °. Ekushiseni kwe-fuchsia kuveza izimbali namaqabunga.
