Ubuhle obungokwemvelo: Konke Okudingeka Ukwazi Nge-Dracula Orchid

I-Dracula Orchid ingenye yezinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu zama-orchid aziwayo. Imbali yaqamba igama layo ngenxa yesimo esingavamile se-inflorescence, efana nomlomo wesigrako.

Igama lesibili, i-orchid le-monkey, liyi-flower elimele lifane nesimo sesilwane. Abalimi abaningi baphupha ukuba bakhule imbali enhle kangaka futhi engavamile, ecebile emathunzini futhi ekwazi ukuqhakaza pheze unyaka wonke, ekhaya noma ekushiseni okushisa. Ama-subspecies amaningi alawo gciwane athiwa ngamaqembu ngamagama ahlobene nemimoya emibi: "chimera", "gorgon", "nosferatu", "diabola".

Incazelo

Endle, itholakala ngesimo sezulu esinomswakama eNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi, ekhula emithini yomuthi noma ehamba emhlabathini. I-Epiphyte - izitshalo ezihlanganiswa nezinye izitshalo, kodwa hhayi ukugadlukisa kubo, kodwa ukuwasebenzisa njengesekelo.

Abamele baleli gciwane baneziqu ezincane, amaqabunga omumo omude (aluhlaza okomhlaza noma omnyama) ne-rhizome emfushane (i-rhizome). Ayikho i-pseudobulb, imisebenzi yabo yenziwa kancane ngamapheshana, okwenza isakhiwo se-spongy, esithatha ingxenye yezilimo eziyizigaxa ezingenhla ezingenhla.

Intshisekelo enkulu kunazo zonke imbali engavamile, ehluke kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene, ngobukhulu nombala. Isici esivamile kuzo zonke izilwane kukhona ukuhlangana kwamathambo amathathu, okuqoqwe phansi bese wenza isimo esifana nesitsha noma i-hood.

Amathiphu ama-petals athulwe futhi kaningi emaphethelweni ongayibona ingubo yezinwele. Emkhakheni wezikhalazo yilokho okuthiwa i-lip (i-leaflet ephakathi yomjikelezo wangaphakathi we-perianth).

I-Peduncles kuma-orchid amamonkey ayidlalwa phansi, ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo eziningi ezingabodwa-eziphephile, eziqondile noma ezincane. Imbewu iningi futhi incane, efana ne-spindle.

Izinhlobo eziningana (isibonelo, i-Dracula simia) zingaqhakaza unyaka wonke.. Ezimweni zemvelo, izimbali azivotelwe yizinambuzane kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinhlobo ezithile zamagundane namabhantshi amancane.

Umlando we

I-genus Dracula yaqala ukuchazwa ngo-1870 yi-botanist waseJalimane uHeinrich Gustav Reichenbach, esekelwe esitshalweni esitholwa umqoqi we-orchid uBenedict Roel eNtshona Cordillera.

Umcwaningi wamangala ngokuma kwembali futhi wabiza ngokuthi "chimera." Le mbali yashaya umcwaningi ngesimo sayo esingavamile, esathola igama elithi "Chimera".

Ekuqaleni, abamele i-Dracula yenhlobo babelwe ezinye i-orchid - iMasdevalla, kodwa ngo-1878 ekukhanyeni kwezinye izitho ze-genus zahlukaniswa. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, iDracula yayiyisitshalo esithandwayo nesisetshenziswayo sokushisa okwenziwe e-Europe..

Izici ezihlukile

Umehluko omkhulu ovela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-orchid ukungabi khona kwe-pseudobulbs (ngaphezulu kwezilimo eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa). Umjikelezo wokuphila we-orchid we-monkey awuhlinzeki isikhathi sokuphumula, okubonakaliswa ngezimbali.

Amanqamuzana nezithombe

E-Botany, kune-subgenera engama-orchid e-Dracula. Bona izithombe zabo.

I-Sodiroa yi-subspecies ye-monotypic (okungukuthi, enezinhlobo ezilodwa).

I-Xenosia yi-subspecies ye-monotypic.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi I-Dracula subspecies ihlanganisa zonke ezinye izinhlobo..

Izinhlamvu ezingaba ngu-15 eziphakathi kwe-intergeneric ne-interspecific ziyaziwa.

Izimbali

Ekhaya, izimbali azixhomeki ngenkathi futhi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, zingase zenzeke kunoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka futhi izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Emvelweni, i-orchid blooms ngokuvamile ivela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti..

Izici zokunakekelwa

Njengoba kugcinwa izimo ezikhulayo kahle ngesikhathi sokuqala nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-Dracula ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Uma imbali iqala ukuphela ngokuzimela, kufanele isuswe. Uma kunesidingo, emva kokuchichima, i-orchid iyakhiwe kabusha futhi izitshalo zigcinwa enhlabathini eyomile yokwenza imithelela.

I-Orchid Dracula ibhekisela kuhlobo lwe-revolver lwezimbali. Nge-peduncle eyodwa, izimbali ezintsha zikhula njalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqeda amafihledi aphelile ngesikhathi esifanele.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma lesi sitshalo singapheli?

Kungenzeka ukugqugquzela ukubukeka kwembali ngokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa lokufakelwa - ebusuku ebusuku ama-5-6 degrees (ukupholisa) kunokushisa emini (Ukushisa). Noma, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSeptemba, kufanele igcinwe ngaphandle emkhathini, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze izimo zemvelo zokunciphisa izinga lokushisa ebusuku. Ungasebenzisa futhi ukukhanya okungeziwe ebusika ngamadivayisi wokukhanya okufakelwayo.

Okuqukethwe: imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ngekhwalithi yokuphila kwesitshalo, izimo zokuboshwa kufanele zibe eduze kwendawo yokuhlala yemvelo.

1. Ukukhetha indawo. Uhlangothi oluhle lokubekwa luya empumalanga noma empumalanga-mpumalanga (ngokukhanya okungafani), futhi ohlangothini olusenyakatho luzokwenza, kodwa ebusika i-orchid izodinga ukukhanya okungeziwe.
2. Ukulungiswa komhlaba nokumbiza. Ukutshala kwenziwa emibhokisini ebonakalayo eyenziwe ngamabhasikidi epulasitiki noma okukhethekile. I-sphagnum moss ibhekwe phansi, phezu kwayo i-substrate ibekwe (ingxube yezimpande eziqoshiwe, i-pine bark, amalahle) futhi ungqimba ophezulu kunamanzi okugcina umswakama.
3. Ukushisa. Ukushisa kwehlobo lokushisa akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-+24 degrees, ebusika kungaphakathi + 12-16.
4. Umswakama. Umswakama kufanele ube ophakeme kakhulu - 80-85% futhi ukuze ugweme ukusabalala kwefungi kanye namagciwane, igumbi kumele lihlale liphuza umoya.

   Kubalulekile: Ukwandisa umswakama, ungasebenzisa ama-air humidifiers noma ubeke i-pallet enebumba elinyene elinomhlabathi eduze nesitshalo, lapho, lapho livutha khona, liyokhuphuka amanzi futhi kwandise indawo yomswakama.
5. Ukukhanyisa. I-Orchid Dracula ikhula kahle ekuthunjweni okungafani noma okuyingxenye ethile, ehambelana nesilinganiso sabo esivamile esivela emahlathini ashisayo, esingenwa yilanga eliqondile. Uma kungenzeka ukukhanya okwanele, i-orchid ngeke iqhakaze, uma ivamile, ukushisa kuzovela emaqabunga futhi isitshalo sizoqala ukuma.
6. Ukunisela. Ama-orchid adinga ukuchelela okuvamile nokuwanele. Amanzi anconywa ukuba asebenzise okunciphisa, okungcono noma okuhlungiwe. Ukuvama nokuningi kokunisela kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokushisa kokuqukethwe kanye nenani lokukhanya. Lesi sitshalo kumele sithande futhi siphumelele umswakama. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanzi akufanele agxumeke ukuze izimpande zingaboli, kodwa inhlabathi eyomile ingaholela ekufeni kwesistimu.
7. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. I-Dracula ikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhula okusha ngesikhathi ngasinye sokunisela okwesithathu. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu ngenothi elikhethekile "le-orchids", ngoba lesi sitshalo sizwela kakhulu kulesoti ngokuvamile esitholakala kumanyolo.
8. Ukufakelwa. Ukufakelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe akudingi i-Dracula Orchid. Kufanelekile ukutshala kabusha uma umhlabathi usawoti noma uhlanganisiwe noma izimpande zanda kakhulu. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokufakelwa isitshalo esikhathini sokukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlathi ngaphambi kokuchichima.
9. UkuzalaNgokujwayelekile, lolu hlobo lwe-orchid luyasakazwa yizindlela zemifino - ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla samama zibe izingxenye. Isitshalo sisuswa ebhodweni, izimpande zihlanzwa. Ukwenziwa komshini kwenziwa ngomunwe obukhali, ufafaza izingosi ezinqunywe ngamalahle futhi uvumele izimpande zomile. Khona-ke amahlumela atshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukene.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Drachula Orchid ijwayele izifo ezihlukahlukene ezibangelwa i-fungi, amagciwane nama-bacterium. Okuvamile kakhulu: ukuphuka, okumnyama, okumpunga nokubola kwempande.

Isitshalo esithathelwanayo kufanele sithathwe kulokho okunye. futhi asebenze isisombululo se-fungicidal kuze kube yilapho elulame ngokuphelele.

I-orchid nayo iheha izinambuzane eziningi:

• Thrips - izinambuzane ezinzima kakhulu ukuziqeda. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukubonakala kwawo, kunconywa ukuba uchithe lesi sitshalo nge ukumnika kukagalikhi.
• Aphid - udla isitshalo sesitshalo; isuswe ngesandla usebenzisa i-swab ikotini ehambelana namanzi asepha.
• I-Whitefly - bavame ukuhlukanisa ehlobo bese bebeka izibungu zabo emaqabunga, bebetha isitshalo. Ukuqeda lezi zinambuzane kuzodinga ukukhipha ukukhipha kwe-calendula nokukhishwa kwamandla kwezimpungushe nge-swab.

Izimbali ezifanayo

I-orchid Dracula ingadideka ngezitshalo ze-genre Masdevalla, isakhiwo kanye nezimbali ezifana naso futhi ngekhulu le-19 i-genus Dracula empeleni yayivelele.

• Masdevallia Falcata - Enye yezitshalo ezithandwayo kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo. I-orange ekhanyayo noma izimbali ezibomvu kanye nezimbali ezinamathele. Ngokungafani ne-dracula, izindebe azikhulumi kahle.
• Masdevallia Baby Doll - Isitshalo se-hybrid kanye nesibhakabhaka somthunzi okhanyayo we-orange. Ifana ne-pupa encane futhi ifanele ukukhula ebhodweni.
• Masdevallia Aquarius - inezimbali ze-lemon-yellow ezihambisana namacembe atshalwe futhi indebe iqhubekele phambili. Imilomo ayibonakali njengeDracula.
• I-Masdevallia Discolor - i-masdevalia enemibala eminingi enemibala egqamile evela emhlophe kuya ephuzile nge-streaks emnyama. Izindebe zibizwa ngokucacile, okwenza lokhu kubonakale kungabonakaliswa kuphela kochwepheshe.