Noma iyiphi inkosikazi iyazi ukuthi i-cumin - Kuyinto spice ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuthola iphunga elimnandi nokunambitheka, kuhle kakhulu ukudla izitsha nama-sauces. Siyabonga esihlokweni sethu uzokwazi ukukhulisa i-cumin ezweni lakini bese ulisebenzisa unyaka wonke.
Uyazi? Itiyi le-Caraway ithuthukisa ukudla, imizwa nokugaya, kuthuthukisa ithoni yomzimba jikelele nokusebenza.
I-Cumin Incazelo
I-Cumin yisitshalo esaziwa kahle ukuthi amaRoma asendulo aqala ukuyisebenzisa, futhi kuze kube manje iye yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo emhlabeni jikelele. I-Cumin ikhule eFrance, eNdiya, eTurkey, eNyakatho Melika, eBrazil naseGibhithe.
I-Cumin inegama elithandwayo - i-anise. Ungamhlangabeza emaphethelweni ehlathi nasemahlathini ase-upland.
Izitshalo ziqala zodwa futhi ziqondile. Khula kuze kufike ku-1 m. Amaqabunga avulekile, asesimweni afana neqanda futhi akhule ibe ngu-20 cm ubude futhi afike ku-10 cm ububanzi. Izimbali zimhlophe futhi zincane, zifinyelela ku-1.5 mm ubude. Isithelo yi-oblong oblate visoplodion, efinyelela ubude obu-3 mm, ububanzi - kufika ku-2.5 mm. I-Cumin kulula ukubona ukuthi iphunga.
Isithelo siqukethe amafutha abalulekile, amafutha anamakha, ama-coumarins, amaprotheni nama-tanins.
Uyazi? E-India, i-cumin isetshenziselwa iziqholo ze-curry.
Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala i-cumin
I-Cumin yisitshalo esingapheliyo. Kubuye kube nemvula engenamakhaza kanye nobusika emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokushisa eneqhwa elincane. Izitshalo ezikhulayo zinezici zayo, ikakhulukazi, kuncike kakhulu lapho i-caraway etshalwe khona, nokugcina izinga elithile lomswakama.
Ama-Caraway Forerunners
I-Cumin ihlwanyelwa emva kwezitshalo zasehlobo zasebusika nasebusika, okusanhlamvu noma izitshalo ezikhanyayo. Ngonyaka we-fruiting, imbewu ye-caraway ikhulula insimu ekuqaleni, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo ngokwawo, sihle kakhulu esilandelayo kulezi zitshalo.
Ukukhanya okungakanani okudingekayo i-cumin
Ukukhuphula i-cumin ensimini kufanele kube emhlabathini ovundile ovundile endaweni ekhanyayo. Ukushayela kubangela ukuthi ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, i-cumin ayiqhakazi futhi iveza izithelo kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu wezitshalo.
Izidingo zokushisa nemiswakama
I-Cumin ikhethile kakhulu mayelana nomswakama womoya, kodwa ayizithobeki ukushisa. Imbewu iqala ukuhluma ngo-8 ° C. Ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa, i-cumin idinga ukushisa okungaba ngu-20 ° C. Kungcono ukunamathela kulokhu kubanda okushisayo, ngoba ukushisa okuphezulu kunomthelela omubi ekwenzeni izitshalo. Umswakama we-cumin kufanele ube ngu-35-40%.
Ukutshala i-cumin esakhiweni
I-Cumin ingakhula kusuka kumbewu, kodwa lokhu kuyadingeka ukuba ukhethe futhi uzilungiselele ngokufanele ukutshala.
Uyazi? Amafutha omnyama ama-cumin okwehla kwesisindo, impilo, ubuhle nokulondolozwa kwentsha - enye yezindlela zokupheka ezingcono kakhulu, okuyizinto ezinhle zaseGibithe zasendulo ezazizi futhi zikhumbula abesifazane besimanje.
Ukukhethwa nokulungiselela imbewu yokutshala
Imbewu ingathengwa esitolo noma ekhemisi. Ngaphambi kokutshala ezitshalweni, zimanzi emanzini afudumele usuku, ngaphambi kokuzifaka emgqeni wekotini. Hudula isikhwama esinjalo kungaba ibhande le-rubber. Ukuze izinga lokushisa kwamanzi lingabi, amandla angabekwa ebhethri noma ahlale engeza amanzi afudumele. Isikhathi lapho kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela i-cumin kwizithombo, kuzofika ngosuku.
Indlela yokulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala i-cumin
Kungcono ukulungisa inhlabathi yokuhlwanyela imbewu kusukela ngo-Agasti noma ngoSeptemba. Umhlaba kufanele uguqulwe futhi wenze izimila eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali. Futhi, ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi kukhonjiswe kwezinhlanga ngemva kokuhlanza lowo oqokwe. Ukulima okuyinhloko kwenziwa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili emva kokuhlunga ukujula kwama-25 cm. Khona-ke, lapho uhlama, wengeze humus, superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium (humus - 25 t / ha, superphosphate - 250 kg / ha, usawoti - 80 kg / ha).
Uyazi? Imbewu ye-Cumin icebile ngamafutha, amaprotheni, amafutha abalulekile, aqukethe ama-resins, ama-tanins, ama-pigments.
I-Scheme nemithetho yokuhlwanyela i-cumin
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, ukutshala i-cumin kungahle kuhlungwe ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile. Lo mcimbi ubanjwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Indawo okumele uyikhethe ngenhlabathi enomhlabathi evundile. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela senza umhlabathi ojulile ukumba.
Uhlelo lokuhlwanyela lwe-cumin lulula - 25 x 7 cm, futhi ukujula akumele kube ngaphezu kuka-2 cm. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, cwilisa imbewu, njengokungathi izithombo, bese ulinda kuze zifakwe. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, beka efrijini ngesonto, ugcine cishe ku-0.
Uma uqhuba imbewu ye-subwinter, akudingeki ugobe imbewu.
Ungahlwanyela i-cumin ngezindlela eziningana. Okokuqala: ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa lingama-40 cm. Okwesibili: i-cumin itshalwe phakathi kwemigqa ebangeni elingama-20 cm, futhi phakathi kwamadubhoni igcinwe ngamasentimitha angu-50. Indlela yesithathu: emkhatsini we-ribboni ibanjwe 45 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa - 30 cm.
Uma inhlabathi yakho ilukhuni futhi isindayo, hlwaba kangcono ngendlela yesithathu. Ukujula kwe-seeding kufinyelela ku-1.5 cm. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu iyatshiswa elangeni. Lokhu kuyanciphisa isikhathi sokuhluma ngezinsuku ezingu-5. Amahlumela okuqala angabonakala ngemva kwamasonto amathathu emva kokuhlwanyela. Ngemuva kwalokho ungakwazi ukuhamba kancane ukufika endaweni engama-25 cm.
Izici ukunakekela i-cumin
Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, ikhamini ngemuva kokutshala idinga ukunakekelwa. Futhi kunezici ezithile eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuzinakekela ngaphambi kokuhluma, esemncane futhi esekhulile.
Uyazi? Izimfanelo eziwusizo ze-cumin zisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko ye-atony emathunjini, ukuqothulwa, njenge-antimicrobial, i-carminative, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwezigulane zokugaya.
Indlela yokunakekela i-cumin ngaphambi kokuhluma
Ngolunye usuku emva kokulungiselela imbewu, qhubeka nokuhlwanyela ngqo. Yisebenzise entwasahlobo noma ebusika. Umhlabathi uthathe ukutshala izimbali noma izithombo. Inhlabathi ithululelwa ezinhlakeni ezincane.
Kubalulekile! Shiya amamentimitha ambalwa ekugcineni kombindi.
Umhlaba uhlanganiswe futhi uphuziswa ngamanzi afudumele ahleliwe. Ngaphandle kokulinda kuze kube yilapho umswakama ubomile, usakaze imbewu, ubacindezele kancane emhlabathini. Kusukela phezulu bahlanganiswe umhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi uma imbewu iyingcosana, khona-ke ungqimba wekhava eliphezulu kufanele futhi libe mncane.
Ibhodlela liqiniswe ngefilimu noma libeke phezu kwengilazi. Uma uthatha ingilazi, qiniseka ukuthi kukhona igebe lika-2 cm phakathi kwalo nomhlabathi. Udinga ukubeka izimbiza efasiteleni elikhanyayo, njengoba imisebe yelanga idala umphumela wokushisa ngaphansi kweglasi, ngaleyo ndlela iqhube inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwenzalo. Izithombo azimanzi kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala.
Ngakho, i-cumin evamile kulula ukukhula ngezindlela ezahlukene. Into esemqoka - yiba nesineke futhi ulinde amaqabunga okuqala.
Indlela yokunakekela isitshalo ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlinzekela ukunakekelwa kwezinzalo. Isakhiwo kumele sikhulule futhi siphumelele. Ungaphinda ukhule i-cumin usebenzisa i-superphosphate, usawoti we-potassium noma i-ammonium nitrate. Thatha 150 g ngalinye ngamamitha ayi-skwele angu-10. m Ekwindla, ukucwiliswa kwe-cumin kwenziwa, kushiya u-15 cm phakathi kwesitshalo ngasinye. Ngemva kwalokhu kuletwa kabili ngokulingana nesilinganiso sokudla esicacisiwe. Phakathi nesikhathi sonke sasehlobo, susa ukhula usebenzise amanzi. Ukusika kunqunywe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Kubalulekile! Shiya amaqabunga asakhulayo ngesikhathi sokusika.
Indlela yokunakekela isitshalo somdala
Esikhathini esizayo, imibhede ne-cumin kufanele ikhululiwe futhi idliwe. Kumele kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokutshala nokucubungula. Kumele kube ukuchelela okuvamile nokulinganisela, njengoba i-cumin ayithandi ukudlula.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthambisa okungavamile kuholela ekuvuneni okuphansi.
I-Cumin - isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, futhi sikhule ngaphansi kwamandla abalimi be-novice. Esikhathini sesikhathi esidala sokuphila, yena akadingi ukunakekelwa, njengasezigaba ezimbili zokuqala zentuthuko.
Ukuvuna i-cumin nini futhi kanjani
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kuphela lapho amaqabunga ezitshalweni ezingezansi eqala ukoma. Lesi yisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuvuna.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza lokhu okulandelayo:
- Sika lesi sitshalo endaweni engama-5 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusihlwa noma ngaphambi kokusa.
- Ngemuva kokusika, i-cumin kumele imiswe ngendwangu emthunzini.
- Kuzo zonke izikhathi zokumisa, vula njalo imbewu.
- Uma amabhokisi evuliwe (ngesonto), angaba semhlabathini njengokolweni.
Uyazi? Encwadini eyaziwa kakhulu ka-Avicenna ethi "Law in Medicine", umbhali uthi i-cumin emnyama iyasiza ukwandisa amandla, ngaleyo ndlela inikeza ithuba lokunqoba ukukhathala nokukhathala.I-Cumin - Kuyinto isitshalo esingabizi ukulima nokunakekelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, unezimfanelo ezinhle zokuphulukisa nezimonyo.
