Ubuhle obunamahloni nobuhle be-orchid, obunezimbali ezihlukahlukene, buheha abantu abaningi balimi. Lapho umuntu eqala ukuhluma imbewu yalesi sitshalo esingavamile, kwakuyi-fiasco. Sekuyiminyaka engama-50, lezi zinkinga azikwazanga ukuxazululwa. Okwamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwembewu sekuye kwatholakala hhayi kuphela kubalimi kuma-laboratories akhethekile, kodwa nakwabalimi bembali. Imbewu ye-orchid ingasuswa eChina. Cabanga ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungathola kanjani izithombo zomuthi we-orchid enembewu.
Iyiphi imbewu ethengiswa eChina?
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo azikona nje izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-shades nezimo, kodwa futhi zibe nephunga eliyingqayizivele, elimangalisayo. Okuthandwa kakhulu futhi okufunwa kakhulu:
- I-Dendrobium;
- I-Cymbidium (i-Cymbidium);
- Wanda (Vanda).
Lesi sitshalo sikhula emvelweni ezindaweni ezikude, amahlumela angenakunyakaziswa kanye nezigodi ezifihliwe, kude nabantu. Ngakho-ke, e-China, le mbali ibonisa ukulinganisela, ukuzodwa kanye nokuthobeka.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa imbali kuyo?
Uma ube ngumnikazi ojabulayo wezimbewu ze-orchid zangempela ezithengwa kusayithi lamaShayina, ngalokho ngokusho komqondo, ungakhula imbali kubo.
Kodwa kufanelekile ukuqonda lokho i-orchid ekhulayo evela emzimbeni yinkqubo ende futhi enzima kakhulu. Kuzodingeka sithenge izinto ezidingekayo kanye nemishini, silondoloze izinga lokushisa elihle kanye nobungqabavu. Kubalulekile ukuhlomisa i-laboratory yangempela ekhaya, njengoba inqubo yokuhluma imbewu yabalimi ibizwa ngokuhleka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubekezela kuzodingeka kugcinwe, ngoba kuzothatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukulinda izithombo. Imbewu izophenduka ibe izitshalo zangempela, zezimbali zingaba ngemva kweminyaka engama-4-6 kuphela.
Izici okufanele uzicabangele
Akuzona zonke abathengisi baseChina ababona kahle, futhi umuntu angase ahlangabezane nenkinga enjalo yokutshala impahla, njengotshani obuntshani noma ukhula, angeza esikhundleni se-orchid imbewu. Ngemva kokukhohliswa okunjalo, abaningi bayakhungatheka futhi bayeke ukuzama ukubhala ukuze bakhulise imbewu yalesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele.
Qaphela! Imbewu ayibizi, ngakho-ke ungayeki ukuzama, futhi uhlele kwenye indawo. Uma uthola ukwaziswa kwangempela ukutshala, futhi ukhule kuwo ubuhle obungavamile, khona-ke ukwaneliseka nenjabulo yakho ngeke ibe nemingcele.
Kubonakala kanjani?
Imbewu ye-orchid injengothuli - bancane kangako. Uma uqhathanisa imbewu ye-orchid ne-okusanhlamvu kakolweni, i-less than 15,000 times less. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe ayinasisindo sezakhi zokuhluma. Umbuzo uvela, kanjani endalweni inzalo i-orchid ikhula? Impendulo ilula - inani lembewu. Esinye isitshalo singakhulela imbewu engaba yizigidi eziyisihlanu, esheshe isakazwe ngomoya futhi ifakwe emithini, kodwa emva kwesikhathi ezimbalwa ihlume - lokhu kuyinto ekhethwa yendalo embi.
Isithombe
Esikhathini isithombe ungabona imbewu ngokwabo ama-orchid, kanye nalokho okukhulile kubo.
Yile ndlela imbewu ibukeka ngayo:
Futhi lokhu kuyitshalo endala:
Ungayithenga kuphi futhi ngentengo ngayiphi?
Ungakwazi ukuhleleka endaweni ye-Chinese kule "imbewu" noma "engadini", isikhwama esisodwa sinama-ruble angu-35.
Ungahlola kanjani ubuqiniso?
Ngemuva kokuthola iphakheji, vula iphakheji bese uhlola ngokucophelela okuqukethwe kwayo ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu ekhaya. Imbewu yangempela kufanele ibe:
- kuhle kakhulu - njengothuli. Ubukhulu bembewu eyodwa kusuka ku-0, 35 kuya ku-3 mm ubude no-0.08-0.3 mm ububanzi;
- i-beige, ukhilimu noma umbala omnyama;
- ifomu lincane futhi lixubile.
Kubalulekile! Uma iphakheji iqukethe imbewu yesimo esihlukile, umbala noma usayizi, awunalo lucky, kusukela kulolu hlobo lokutshala uzokhula lutho, kodwa hhayi i-orchid.
Ngokuvamile abalimi bezimbali bathenga ngokufunda izibuyekezo ezinhle kwiwebhusayithi yomthengisi futhi babheka isilinganiso esiphezulu. Kodwa izibuyekezo ezikhathini eziningi zikhuluma ngejubane lokulethwa noma ukupakisha.. Izithombe zezitshalo azivame ukusetshenziswa, njengoba kuthatha isikhathi eside ukukhula.
Ngezinye izikhathi abathandi bezimbali, sebewamukele imbewu enkulu e-mail, banethemba lokuthi ibhokisi lembewu. Kodwa kufanele kube luhlaza futhi kungabi ngaphezu kuka-3 cm, ukuma kufana nokusanhlamvu kakolweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, <как только="" семена="" в="" коробочке="" созревают,="" она="" раскрывается,="" поэтому="" получить="" по="" почте="" ее="" в="" закрытом="" виде="">
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo iziqondiso zendlela yokutshala kahle
Inventory
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala, udinga ukulungisa imishini kanye nezinto ezifanele.:
Ama-glass flasks ayi-100-gram, noma amashubhu wokuhlola, kepha izimbiza ezincane zezingilazi zingathathwa ngamabhodlela avaliwe;- ama-coorks ezenziwe ngekotoni ne-gauze;
- i-triodod uma kunqunywe ukuhlwanyela imbewu ema-tubes wokuhlola;
- ukuhlolwa kwe-litmus;
- 2% i-hydrogen peroxide;
- isiraphu oyinyumba.
Ama-glass flasks ayi-100-gram, noma amashubhu wokuhlola, kepha izimbiza ezincane zezingilazi zingathathwa ngamabhodlela avaliwe;Uma ukhetha izimbiza ezilula ngamabhodlela, khona-ke benza imbobo kubo bese efaka ithubhu encane yeglasi. Ngemva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukubeka uboya obuncane boboya bekotini kuwo, khona-ke umoya uzogeleza ungene embizeni, futhi amabhaktheriya nodaka luzohlala phezu koboya bekotini.
Inzalo
Ukuze inzalo izitsha, faka:
- i-steamer;
- ihhavini ne-thermostat;
- i-microwave.
Izenzo:
- Amathangi ahlolisiswa ngokushesha nge medium nutrient esimweni esivinjelwe ngokuqinile endaweni eqondile.
- Inzalo iyasebenza ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-120 okungenani imizuzu engu-45. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukushisa kwehhavini noma ubheyili kabili, ngakho wengeze amaminithi angu-20 ngesikhathi sokuqala.
- Khona-ke iziqukathi ezipholile ezinezinga eliphezulu lokushisa.
Ukulungiselela amakhemikhali
Qaphela! Ukudala indawo yokuzalanisa imbewu yokutshala i-orchid inqubo enzima kakhulu, kodwa ungayithenga esitolo esikhethekile.
Uma ufuna ukuhamba yonke indlela enzima yokutshala isitshalo esihle kusuka enzalweni, bese ulungisa ingxube wena.
Ngakho sidinga:
i-agar-agar - 8 g;- Umanyolo we-phosphate-nitrogen-potassium - 1.5 g;
- i-glucose - 10 g;
- i-fructose - 10 g;
- i-activated carbon - 1 g;
- uhlelo lwempande stimulator - amahlumela angu-5;
- 1 litre amanzi distilled.
i-agar-agar - 8 g;I-Algorithm yesenzo lapho upheka:
- Emanzini abilayo aphihliwe ngevolumu yelitha, engeza i-glucose, i-fructose, i-agar-agar. Bilisa ingxube phezu komlilo kuze kube yilapho isithako sokugcina sichitha.
- Esikhathini esilandelayo isigamu-litre yamanzi evuthayo, engeza amalahle, umanyolo kanye ne-phytostimulator, uhlanganise kahle.
- Hlanganisa kokubili ukwakheka.
- Ukuletha i-acidity yokwakheka kukhombisi ethile. Uma i-pH iphakeme - sebenzisa isisombululo se-potash, i-low - orthophosphoric acid. Imbewu izohluma kuphela kwi-pH ye-4.8-5.2.
Umthombo wezakhi kufanele ube ofana ne-jelly. Embizeni ngayinye uthele u-30 mg wokubunjwa futhi uvale ngokuqinile. Faka inzalo emabhange ngensimbi njengoba kuchazwe ngaphambilini. Ngemva kwalokho sishiya isikhala esenziwe ngezakhi zomzimba izinsuku ezinhlanu, uma ngalesi sikhathi isikhunta sibonakala kuyo, siphonsa phansi iphansi bese siqala futhi.
Ividiyo, echaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungalungisa kanjani umthombo wezakhi zembewu yama-orchid:
Ukuhlwanyela
Indlela yokukhiqiza ukuhlwanyela:
- Ngaphambi kokufaka imbewu engxenyeni yomsoco, kufanele inzalo. Nciphisa i-bleach emanzini ngesilinganiso se-10%. Ngemva kokuzamazama isikhathi eside, ikhambi kufanele lihlungwe kahle. Faka imbewu enkombeni ye-chlorine imizuzu engu-10 bese utshala ngokushesha.
- Imbewu enamakhaza iyadonsela esixazululweni nge-syringe oyinyumba futhi ifakwe engxenyeni yokudla okunomsoco ngokusebenzisa amashubhu avaliwe ukotini oyinyumba.
Ungafaka imbewu ekuhlumeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele libe ngama-18-23 degrees. Usuku olukhanyayo amahora angu-12-14.
Sinikeza ukubuka ividiyo ngendlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu yama-orchid ekhaya:
Aftercare
Lapho nje imbewu ihlwanyelwe, kwanele nje ukugcina izinga lokushisa elihle nelanga lokukhanya.
Izinkinga nezinkinga
I-physiology yembewu injalo ngokuvamile lezi zinto ziba yisithiyo ekukhuleni imbewu:
- imbewu incane kakhulu;
- abanayo i-endosperm, evumela ukuthi udonsa futhi uthathe izakhi zomhlabathi ezisemhlabathini;
- ngisho nomthelela omncane ongaphandle ungalimaza indaba;
- imbewu iyingozi kakhulu kuma-virus.
Isiphetho
Njengoba ubona, inqubo yokukhuphula ama-orchid ezivela imbewu inzima kakhulu futhi iyinde, kodwa iyathakazelisa kakhulu. Uma wenza konke ngokufanele futhi ngokwemiyalo, umphumela uzoba oqondile. Yiba nesineke futhi emva kwesikhathi uzothola inqwaba yezimbali ezinhle, ezingavamile.
