I-petunia engaphansi. Umlando wesenzakalo, ukuhluka, ukukhiqiza nokunakekelwa, izifo nezinambuzane

I-petunia ekhula kancane iyisitshalo sokuhlobisa esetshenziselwa ukusebenzisana lapho udala amalungiselelo embali ebhodini noma emadini.

Lesi siko sibonakala nge-inflorescences enkulu futhi ekhanyayo. Kunenani elanele lezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ziyojabula ngezimbali ezide nokuningi. Isihloko esilandelayo sichaza izinhlobonhlobo ze-petunias nezici zokunakekelwa kwazo.

Incazelo ye-Botanical nomlando

I-petunia enezikhwebu ivela eNingizimu Melika. Kuyinto isitshalo eside okusanhlamvu, etshalwa eRussia njengonyaka. Ekhaya, lesi sitshalo ngeke sikhule, kodwa umhlobiso wama-balconies namafasitela avela ngaphandle kwesiko kufanelekile, futhi kungenzeka.

Izimbali ze-petunias ezikhulayo ezincane zifana nomswakama omile. Kungaba yizimbali ezinkulu nezincane, uhlobo lwe-terry noma olulula.

Iphalethi yombala iningi:

• umhlophe;
• obomvu;
• i-blue;
• i-lilac;
• elibomvu.

Kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo lapho izikhalazo zidwetshwe khona emasontweni amabili futhi kukhona iphethini enemibala. Imiphetho yamacembe ingaba yinkanyane futhi ibushelelezi.

Izinhlobo ezinezimpawu ze-F1, amagama, izici nezithombe

I-petunia ekhuphuka kakhulu ekhulayo ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zezitshaloehlukile emibala ehlukahlukene.

Izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zinikezwa ngezansi.

I-Duddy Series

Le hybrid ehlanganisa izimbali zembala engu-6 ehlukene. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekene nemifudlana emnyama nemiphetho elula emagumbini. Lesi sitshalo ngokwawo sibheka kakhulu ekuqaleni.

Series Pikoti

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezimbali ezinkulu neziqhakaza zakuqala ezinosayizi omncane.. Amagalelo emaphethelweni ahlanganiswe nombala omhlophe.

I-Prim Sunshine

Lesi yisiko esinamandla, ukuphakama kwalo kufinyelela ku-cm 35. Izimbali nazo zinkulu, njengoba ububanzi bazo buyi-10 cm.

Isiphepho F1

Loluhlobo lwe-petunia luyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimbali ngokwazo zinkulu, futhi umbala uboniswa imibala engu-8 ehlukene.

Anastasia

Le petunia ikhula njengesihlahla esibucayi.. Izimbali zinombala obomvu nokuvotela; kukhona umngcele omhlophe ojikeleze emaphethelweni amacembe.

Fantasy

Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwezimbali ezahlukene, amacembe ahlukene ahlukeneyo. Isici sezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali eside.

Kuphi futhi kanjani ukutshala?

Ukuthuthukiswa okulandelayo nokukhula kwe-petunia kuncike ekutshalweni okulungile.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina izincomo ezilandelayo:

• Khetha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-petunias ezithwetshiwe. Njengoba indaba yokutshala ingavamile, ukuhlwanyela okungajwayelekile kuyadingeka. Izinto eziboshiwe zifanelekile, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisana nayo.
• Umsebenzi wokutshala owenziwa ngoFebhuwari noMashi. Ukuphela kwebusika kufanelekile ukutshala kuphela uma ukukhanya okusizayo kuzosetshenziswa.
• Izinto zokutshala zisakazeka emhlabathini, ngaphandle kokuvala. Ukumboza imbewu ngezingqimba zomhlabathi akudingeki.
• Emva kokutshala, gcoba njalo amanzi ngamanzi.
• Ikhono ngefilimu yokuvotela izithombo.

Uma zonke izincomo sezilandelwe, izithombo zizovela emavikini angu-1-1.5.

Izidingo zomhlaba

I-petunia ekhula kancane ikhula enhlabathini evulekile, elula futhi enomsoco. Ungathenga i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo noma uzilungiselele wena. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:

1. peat - izingxenye ezimbili;
2. umhlaba we-sod - izingxenye ezimbili;
3. isanti - ingxenye engu-1.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

Indawo efanelekile evumelekile ukutshala izitshalo. Uma utshala i-petunia emthunzini, uzoqala ukwelula, ukwakha amaqabunga amakhulu kanye nemithi encane. Lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu ukubonakala kwesiko. Futhi, indawo kufanele ivikelwe kusuka kumashirafti, ngaphandle kwalokho izolimaza izimbali ezincane zesitshalo.

Ungayinakekela kanjani?

Ukunisela

Ukukhula okugcwele kwe-petunias ezinamathele, ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokugcoba, amanzi kufanele athulwe ngaphansi kwempande, qinisekisa ukuthi awuwa phezu kwezimbali, njengoba lokhu kungabhubhisa. Ngesikhathi sokufudumala, ukuchelela kwenziwa izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Futhi ungakhohlwa ngokupunga. Lokhu kuyoba ukuvimbela okukhulu ukubonakala kwezibungu zesicabucabu. Amanzi okusetshenziselwa ukuchelela ahlukaniswe kanye nokushisa kwamakamelo.

Ukudla

Intuthuko ephumelelayo yembali kanye nezimbali zayo eside akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokugqoka. Kubalulekile ukubenza kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10 kusukela ngesikhathi sokufika kuze ku-Agasti. Ungasebenzisa ukubunjwa okunzima ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium. I-Humus noma i-compost nayo ifanelekile, kodwa hhayi emisha, njengoba lokhu kuyoholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo ze-fungal.

Izifo ezivamile nezilokazane

Lapho ukunakekelwa okufanele kwesitshalo kubonakala, izifo nezinambuzane ziyinto engavamile kakhulu. Kodwa izinto ezinjalo zingenza buthakathaka amasosha omzimba:

• ukungabi nomswakama;
• ukugxuma kokufika;
• ukungabi khona kwelanga;
• inhlabathi acidification.

Izifo ezivame kakhulu nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezincane ze-petunias ziyizi:

1. ikhukhamba kanye nomdwebo wokubhema;
2. amaqabunga amaqabunga;
3. amazambane nama-tomato amagciwane;
4. i-necrosis kagwayi.

Isiko esithintekayo kuzodingeka sisuswe futhi sishiswe. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kubalulekile ukubhekana nama-aphid ngesikhathi esifanele, okuyinto ophethe lezi zifo.

I-petunias enezikhwebu zingathinteka yizifo ezilandelayo ze-fungal.:

• isikhumba se-powdery;
• ukulimaza kwelanga;
• umlenze omnyama;
• indawo emnyama.

Ukubhekana nokutheleleka kwe-fungal kungaba usizo ngezidakamizwa ezifana ne-Fitosporin ne-Trichodermin.

Izinambuzane zezitshalo ziyingozi:

1. i-aphid;
2. i-slugs;
3. i-pincers;
4. i-whitefly.

Ama-insecticide afana ne-Aktara ne-Confidor asetshenziselwa ukuqeda ama-parasites. Ungakwazi ukulwa nezibungu zesicabucabu ngosizo lwemithi enjalo - uDemitan no-Aktellik. Ama-slugs angadangala uma i-metaldehyde ihlakazeka emhlabathini.

Izici zokuzala

Cuttings

Le ndlela yokukhiqiza yinzima kakhulu. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukulima kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-petunia.

I-cuttings yenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, futhi phakathi nhlobo entwasahlobo nasehlobo izitshalo zizoqhakaza emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa inkathi egcwele yokukhula izoqala kuphela ekupheleni kwebusika. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukukhanyisa nokukhishwa kwezinga eliphakeme kubaluleke kakhulu. Nikeza isitshalo ngokugcwele okudingekayo amahora angu-16.

Uma kukhishwa isihlahla esinamandla, ungakwazi ukusika ama-cuttings bese uwahlwanyela enhlabathini enomsoco yokuqothula. Ngemuva kwesonto, izimpande ziyokhula, futhi isitshalo singasetshenziselwa iziqukathi ezihlukene noma emhlabathini ovulekile.

Imbewu

Ukusebenzisa indlela yokukhiqiza imbewu, akunakwenzeka njalo ukuthola izithombo ezigcwele. Isizathu ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuthola izinto eziphezulu zokutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombo zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, okungaphezu kwamandla wabalimi abangenalwazi.

Kubalulekile! Uma utshala imbewu ekupheleni kwebusika, uzodinga ukunakekelwa kokukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zitshalo zivame ukuba yi-fungus egulayo. Lokhu kungavinjelwa ngokuqapha umswakama womhlabathi.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Uma ukhula i-petunias epholile, izinkinga ezilandelayo zingase zenzeke.:

1. Ukungabi namasiko okuzimbali kanye nokungathandeki. Lokhu kungenzeka nge-overmoistening eqinile yomhlaba noma imvula ende. Uma kunokwenzeka, udinga ukuhambisa izimbali endaweni yokukhosela futhi ulungiselele ukuchelela.
2. Ukungabi nokuchichima kwezimbali. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukondla okungenasici noma ungasusi amaqabunga aphelile. Uma zingasusiwe ngesikhathi esifanele, lesi sitshalo sizochitha umzamo omkhulu ekwakhekeni kwezithelo, hhayi ezakhiweni ezintsha ze-inflorescences.
3. Ukungabi nobukeka obuhle futhi obuhle. Ukwakhiwa kwesitshalo kuzosiza ukuqeda le nkinga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuchofoza amahlumela ngaphezulu kweqabunga lesithathu. Lokhu kuyisisusa esikhulu sokwenza amabhukhimakhi ama-bookmarking.

I-petunia ekhula kancane iyitshalo esithakazelisayo futhi elihle elikhula kahle emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngokukhula kuyinhlonipho, ngakho-ke ngisho nomuntu oqalayo angakwazi. Kodwa ngisho nokunakekelwa ngokwanele, imbali ingafa noma ihlale igule.