I-yam isakazwe emazweni aseNyakatho neMelika eNingizimu Melika, lapho izimo zezulu zisebenza kahle ngokukhulela lesi sitshalo. ERussia nakumazwe angomakhelwane, lesi sitshalo sesitshalo sithola ukuthandwa. Ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okuzwakalayo, amazambane ama-sweet potato abizwa ngokuthi "ama-sweet potato".
Lesi sihloko sichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi amazambane amahle afana kanjani namazambane ezindaweni, ukubukeka, ukunambitheka kanye neminye imingcele, nokuthi imifino ihluke kanjani komunye nomunye.
Incazelo kanye nencazelo emfushane yezitshalo
Othandekayo uyisitshalo se-tuberous somndeni wamaVine. Ukubukeka kufana nomvini onwabuzelayo, ubude bawo bufinyelela kumamitha angu-4-5. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla akudluli ku-18 cm. Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali eziqhakazile ezibonakalayo zombala womhlophe, i-lilac noma i-pink.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-Yam ziyizinhlamvu ezinkulu zembewu yesimo se-oblong esinezinhlamvu ezingu-300-400 g futhi ziyingxenye yempande.
Amazambane angumuthi wesifo sofuba weSananaceae yomndeni. It has neziqu ezinzima eside lapho amaqabunga nezimbali kukhona pink noma ezimhlophe. Isihlahla samazambane sifinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama. Ukubukeka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kuxhomeke ezihlukahlukene zamazambane: ziyi-oblong, i-oval noma nxazonke; Umbala ungaba i-pink, i-brown, ibomvu noma i-lilac emnyama.
Ingxenye engezansi yomhlabathi nayo inezithelo ngendlela yamajikijolo amancane aluhlaza okwesabekayo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zezambane zihluma ezivela ngaphansi kwesitshalo. Amazinga amazambane e-tuber anesisindo esingama-100 g.
Kuyakwazi lokho Zombili izitshalo zihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa zitshalwa njengezilimo zonyaka.
Ingabe lokhu kuyinto efanayo noma cha?
Umlando wama-sweet potato unenani okungenani iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezine. Izwe lakubo yizindawo ezishisayo eNingizimu Melika, ezisekhaya lamazambane.
EYurophu, isiko sabonakala sibonga kuChristopher Columbus ngesikhathi sokutholakala okukhulu kwemvelo. Igama elithi "amazambane ama-sweet" olwamukelwa ezizweni zase-Arawak - Indian zaseNingizimu Melika, ezaqala ukuhlakulela lesi siko.
Abantu banikeza lesi sitshalo igama ngenxa yokufaniswa okuqinile kwangaphandle kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nezindlela zokudla amazambane amazambane namazambane. Eqinisweni, amazambane amnandi ahlangene namazambane.
Ukuqhathanisa: kuhluke kanjani?
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali nokuqukethwe kwekhalori
Amazambane Ukwakhiwa:
- 100 g yezilimo eziyizigaxa ziqukethe i-kcal 80; 2.02 g amaprotheni; 17.79 g carbohydrate; 0.09 g of fat.
- Amavithamini: A, E, K, C, B1-B9.
- Amaminerali: i-calcium, insimbi, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-sodium, ithusi, i-zinc, i-selenium, i-manganese.
Ukwakhiwa kwamazambane:
- I-100 g iqukethe ama-86 kcal; 1.57 g amaprotheni; 20.12 g carbohydrate; 0.05 g of fat.
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-vitamin kanye nezamaminerali kufana nalokhu kwamazambane.
Ukugaya i-Yam kuhambisana ne-insulin encane impendulo ye-pancreas, okusho ukumisa kancane kwe-carbohydrate kanye nomuzwa wesikhathi eside we-satiety.
Futhi i-yam iqukethe i-beta-carotene engaphezulu, emzimbeni ephenduka i-vitamin A. Lesi sakhi siyadingeka ukuze silondoloze ubuciko obubonakalayo, isikhumba esinempilo, amathambo, izinwele. I-100 g yomsuka omuhle iqukethe u-170% wokudla okudingekayo kwansuku zonke kwe-beta-carotene.
Ukunambitha
Umehluko ukunambitha:
- Amazambane anomunambitheka omuncu omunyu. Ukuthungwa kwamazambane abilisiwe kulula, kukhululekile.
- Izinhlobo zemifino amazambane anomunwe omuhle, njengamazambane amaqanda. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-dessert zalesi sihlahla zinomusa omuhle ocebile, oqhathaniswa nenambitheka ithanga, ikhabe noma ibhanana.
Amazambane aqhathanisa kahle namazambane ngokuthi imifino yabo impande idliwe eluhlaza, lapho amazambane amaqabunga angafanelekile ukusetshenziswa.
Ngokusho okuphawulekayo kokukhula
I-sweet potato izwa kahle esimweni esishisayo futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokuphuza ngenkathi efudumele.
Izitshalo zokutshala eRussia zenziwa izithombo, njengoba izilimo eziyizigaxa zingenaso isikhathi sokwenza isivuno esisha sehlobo elifushane. Izinto zokutshala azihambisani nokushisa okuphansi, ngakho-ke Ukufika kwenzeka ngemuva kokuphela kwamaqhwa ebusuku.
Imigqa kufanele ibe kude ka-60-90 cm komunye nomunye, i-gap ka-35-40 cm phakathi kwezimbobo kuvunyelwe. Ukufudumala inhlabathi, enkulu futhi enhle kakhulu izimpande zezambatho zamazambane ziyoba, ngakho-ke abalimi bagoqa umhlabathi ngaphansi kwemivini yamazambane elinezithelo ezikhethekile ukufudumala nokuvikela kusuka kokushisa okushisa. Ukuvuna kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lihlehlela ku-10 ° C, njengoba izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-yam zifa kule lokushisa.
Amazambane afana nesimo sezulu esipholile, futhi emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-26 ° C, ukukhula kwawo kuyayeka. 1-2 amasonto ngaphambi kokufika okuhlosiwe, izinto zokutshala zilethwa endaweni efudumele yokuvela kwamahlumela. Ngemuva kokulungiselela okunjalo, amazambane azovuka ngokushesha, futhi isivuno siyoba nesicefe. Ukutshala kwenziwa lapho izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi selifinyelele ku-6-8 ° C.
Kunconywa phakathi kwemigqa yamazambane ukugcina ibanga elingama-50 cm, phakathi kwemigodi emgqeni - 35-40 cm. Amazambane adingeka ukuphuziswa njalo, ukukhuphuka nokuqeda izinambuzane phakathi nenkathi yonke ekhulayo. Ukuvunwa kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba.
Ngokubanzi
Zombili amazambane namazambane asetshenziselwa kokudla abantu kanye nezinhloso zokudla. Zombili amasiko anemifino ekhethekile yefodder, evezwe ukunambitheka okubi. Izinhlobonhlobo zetafula zibhekwa ukunambitheka okucebile nokuthungwa okumnandi.
Ekubukeni
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zezambane ziyizithelo ezinemijikelezo egcwele nxazonke, ehlanganiswe nalokho okuthiwa "amehlo". Umbala wekhasi unqunywa yizinhlobonhlobo futhi ungaba mnyama, obomvu, obomvana. Ukunqunywa kwamazambane kunombala omhlophe noma ophuzi.
I-sweet potato yisithelo esikhulu sehlobo oblong lombala obomvu noma we-orange. Ukunqunywa kwezimpande kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amazambane ama-sweet amancane kakhulu kunamazambane futhi izikhathi eziningi zingadlulisa ngesayizi.
Yini ewusizo kakhulu futhi nini ongakhetha?
I-Batat inconywa ukuba isetshenziselwe ukudla kwezingane: izingane zizimisele kakhulu ukudla amaswidi, ngisho noma isobho noma amazambane avamile.
Futhi Amazambane amazambane asetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekulungiseleleni ama-dessert kanye nokudla okumnandi:
- i-mousses;
- ama-pie;
- amasaladi amnandi;
- i-chips;
- amaswidi
Amazambane avamile afaneleka kakhulu emndenini wansuku zonke. nokupheka izifundo zokuqala nezesibili: ukunambitheka okungathathi hlangothi komzimba wezilimo eziyizigaxa kuhlanganiswe kahle kokubili nezinye imifino nenyama.
Ama-sweet potato, naphezu kwegama elithi "amazambane ama-sweet", akunjalo. Lezi zitshalo zinemvelaphi ehluke ngokuphelele futhi azihlobene nomunye nomunye. Noma kunjalo, amazambane namazambane ane-vitamin efanayo namaminerali okwakhiwa kwawo, okuyinto ngayinye indlela ewusizo empilweni yabantu.
