I-Medlar - ekhula futhi inakekelwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe nezinhlobonhlobo

IMedlar (Eryobotria) - isihlahla sezithelo sangemuva noma isihlahla somndeni wakwaPink, iyingxenye yezihlahla ezingaphansi kwe-Apple. Lapho kuvulekile, kukhula esimweni sezulu esifudumele, lapho izimbali zenzeka ekwindla nezithelo ebusika noma entwasahlobo. Izwe lakubo le-medlar noma iLokva yiJapan neChina.

Ezimweni zethu, sikhula ngendlela yesitshalo sokuhlobisa ngaphakathi, lapho kwakhiwa khona umuthi ophansi. Ezingadini zokugcina izithombo, ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Hard, lesikhumba, amapuleti amakhulu eshidi anobude obuyi-20-25 cm nobubanzi obuyi-8 cm.

Izithelo ziyadliwa, zibunjiwe ngopare, zimuncu kancane, ziboshwe ngamasebe emikhawulweni yamahlumela. I-pulp inoshukela, imnandi noma ine-acidity encane nokuthinta kwethanga ne-cherry. Inani lembewu enkulu lisuka kwelinye liye ezinhlanu.

Bheka futhi ukuthi ungakhulisa kanjani izitshalo zezithelo ezinjengolamula nehalananda ekhaya.

UMedlar: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

Nakekela medlar ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Izimbali medlar

Isitshalo esisendaweni evulekile sikhula kuphela esimweni sezulu esifudumele nesiphansi. Ngokuya ngezimo, isikhathi sezimbali siwela ngoSepthemba - Januwari. Ama-inflorescence ngesimo sepanicle aqoqwa kusuka kuzimbali ezincane (1-2 cm) futhi atholakala eziqongweni zezihlumela. Ama-petals amhlophe noma anemibala kakhilimu.

Imbali inamathuna amahlanu, ama-pubescent ngaphandle, amacembe amahlanu. Isikhungo kukhona amakholomu angama-2-3 kanye nama-anthers angama-20 kuye kwangama-40. Izimbali zihambisana nephunga elinamandla, elimnandi. Isitshalo se-medlar ekhaya empeleni asiqhakaze futhi singatheli izithelo.

Imodi yokushisa

Isitshalo sikhula kahle ehlobo, emazingeni okushisa +18 kuya ku-25 ° C. Ebusika, i-medlar idluliselwa egumbini elipholile (+ 10-12 ° C).

Ukufafaza

Ukuze wandise umswakama womoya, kungcono ukungafafaza lesi sitshalo, kepha umoya osizungezile, ufake eduze kwetangi ngamanzi noma ngezinto ezimanzi. Ukunakekela i-medlar ekhaya kulusizo ukwengeza kanye ngenyanga ngokubamba eshaweni efudumele yesitshalo.

Isibani

Uthanda ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu. futhi, ukuhlala isikhashana ngaphansi kwelanga, yize ilanga lisebenze kakhulu kungaholela ekushisweni. Imbiza ibekwa eduze naseningizimu noma eningizimu-mpumalanga. Ubude bokukhanya kosuku kufanele okungenani bube amahora ayi-12.

Ezimweni zosuku olufushane, lapho izithelo ziboshiwe, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kungadingeka.

Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga, emthunzini, i-medlar ayiqhakaza.

Ukunisela medlar

Isitshalo si-hygrophilous, ngakho inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama. Amanzi ejwayelekile ngokweqile nawo angalimaza. Esigabeni esisebenzayo sokukhula, ziniselwa ngamanzi ngosuku noma ezimbili, esikhathini esomile - njengoba inhlabathi yomile. Amanzi anciphiswa kusengaphambili futhi afudunyezwa afudumele igumbi noma ngabe ama-degree ambalwa aphakeme.

Ukuvula umhlabathi ngemuva kokunisela kuzothuthukisa ukuqina kohlelo lwezimpande. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama futhi uvikele ukugcwala kwamanzi, ibhodwe lifakwa kugqoko ngezinto ezenziwe ngamanzi (ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amatshe noma imicwebezane).

Imbiza kaMedlar

Amathambo ahlanganiswe emigqonyeni emincane (4-5 cm), bese edluliselwa emabhodweni ka-7 cm cm. Khuphula ubukhulu bembiza ngeminyaka, engeza amasentimitha ambalwa ekufakweni ngakunye.

Inhlabathi

Sebenzisa umhlabathi wezakhi owuthengiwe noma olungiselelwe ngokuzimela, osuselwa kunhlabathi we-peat, turf kanye nenhlabathi enamahlamvu. I-Perlite noma isihlabathi esihlanganayo sisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwamanzi.

Ukudla okunempilo kwenhlabathi kukhuphuka ngokufakwa kwe-humus. Izithako zithathwa ezingxenyeni ezicishe zilingane.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

I-medlar eyenziwe ekhaya ngesikhathi sezitshalo ezisebenzayo idinga inani elanele lezakhamzimba. Ukugqoka okuphezulu akufanele kube kaningi, kepha kuqukethe izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ezitshalweni ezincane, ukondla okukodwa emavikini angama-3-4 kwanele, kubantu abadala - 2-3 ngesizini. Bondliwa ngesisombululo samanyolo wezimbiwa noma eziphilayo.

Ukufakelwa

Isibonakaliso esibonisa ukuthi ukufakelwa kwe-medlar siyadingeka uhlelo lwezimpande, olunamathela ngokuqinile emigodini yokudonsela amanzi ebhodweni. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokufakelwa kwesinye isiphetho sesithelo noma entwasahlobo, uma isitshalo sikhule ekhaya.

Uhlelo lwezimpande, kanye nenqwaba yomhlaba, lidluliselwa endaweni ekhululeke kakhudlwana, ubuqotho besigaxa abuphuliwe. Eminyakeni yokuqala, ama-lobster atshalwa minyaka yonke, ngobudala, isikhathi esiphakathi kokufakelwa siyelulwa, kepha isikhathi esiningi ukuvuselelwa komhlaba kuvuselelwa.

Ungayikha kanjani indiza

I-medap yaseJapan ekhaya ayithambekele ekwandeni kwamagatsha. Uma ususa iphuzu lokukhula, khona-ke amahlumela aseceleni azokunika ama-axils amabili aphezulu kuphela wamaqabunga. Ukuze unikeze isitshalo ukubonakala kwesihlahla esihle futhi sisivimbele ukwelulwa, kubalulekile ukuphina phezulu ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Njengoba kunesidingo, sika amagatsha ngezibonakaliso zezifo noma omisiwe.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Lapho ukhule njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa ubusika, imvamisa namandla okujulwa kuyancishiswa futhi kugcinwe emazingeni okushisa angeqi ku-15 ° C.

Ukukhula medlar kusuka ithambo

Imbewu ye-medap yaseJapan yimbewu enkulu efana namantongomane. Izinto zangaphambi kwembewu zigcinwa amahora amaningi kusisombululo se- "Kornevin" noma isixazululo esipinki se-potanganum permanganate.

Imbewu eyodwa noma eminingana itshalwe ebhodweni elincane eligcwele Peat - ingxube yesihlabathi, enezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Bahlela i-mini-greenhouse bayigcine emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-18 ° C.

Inqubo yokuhluma yinde. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlale ugcina umswakama, uphefumule, uvikele ekushisweni yilanga. Ebhodweni eli-looser, lesi sitshalo sitshalwa kabusha esigabeni samabili amaqabunga amaqabunga.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Medlar ngokusikwa

Ekusakazeni, ama-semi-lignified cutways asetshenziswa ngezingcezu ezivundlile, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga noma ngamaqabunga amabili aphezulu, ukusikwa kwesigamu. Ubude be-shank buyi-10 - 15 cm, ungcwatshwe ngokujula okungaba ngu-3 cm, phambilini wawuthuliwe ngomlotha wezinkuni.

Izinto zokwakha zithululelwa ezansi kwembiza, khona-ke - ingxube ye-peat - inhlabathi. Ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, imbiza imbozwe ngefilimu noma ngesiqukathi sepulasitiki. Hlala esimweni esimnyama ngokwezinga lokushisa lika + 25 ° C, ulondoloze umswakama oqhubekayo. Lapho amaqabunga amasha eqala ukuhluma, aqala ukuvula indawo yokukhosela kancane kancane, ajwayele ukuhluma kancane kancane emoyeni omile.

Kungenzeka ukusiphula ukusika emanzini ajwayelekile at lokushisa lasekamelweni, phambilini aphathwe ngalo nge-stimulator yokukhula kwezimpande. Isitsha sithwetshelwe ngephepha elimnyama lokufaka umjondolo.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

I-Medlar ayisona isitshalo esikhulu kakhulu, kepha ukuphazamiseka okuhleliwe nokunakekelwa okungafanele kungaholela kulesi sifo:

• Ukubola kwezimpande kwenzeka ngomswakama omningi womhlabathi, ukuqina kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezibandayo.
• I-Medlar ishiya i-curl bese ibuna ngesifo sokusha kwegciwane. Inkinga ingavela lapho isitshalo sigcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphansi, umswakama omningi womhlaba kanye nezinga eliphakeme le-nitrogen emhlabathini.
• IMedlar ikhula kancane ngokukhanya okuphansi noma ukuncipha kwenhlabathi.

I-Medlar ingahlasela ama-aphid, isikhunta se-sooty kanye nezinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikali.

Izinhlobo zekhaya le-medlar ezinezithombe namagama

Uhlobo lwe-medlar luhlanganisa nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30, zazo ezimbili ezitshalwa kabanzi. Isitshalo se-medall saseJalimane siyisinqe futhi sikhule endaweni evulekile. I-evergreen medlar yaseJapan noma i-lokva (i-Eriobotrya japonica) itshalwa ezindlini.

I-Medlar Japanese

Amacembe wesitshalo makhulu, njengama-walnuts, ama-pubescent. Blooms ekwindla on the amahlumela konyaka wamanje. Izithelo, ezingaba ngu-5 cm ngosayizi, zimise okwenziwe ngethanga noma ziyindilinga, zinesikhumba esiminyene futhi uginindela onamanzi uvuthwe entwasahlobo. I-peel isuswa kalula, inyama imuncu futhi imnandi.

Izithelo ziqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini ahlukahlukene, amaminerali, i-folic acid, i-calcium, liqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi livikele nomzimba. Izithelo ziqukethe inani elincane lezinto ze-cyanide, ngakho-ke ungazidla ngamanani amancane. Ezimweni zasekamelweni, i-medlar ngokoqobo ayichichimi futhi ithele izithelo.