Kuzo zokugcina izithombo emashumini eminyaka eminyaka kuyisiko ukukhula ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo, kaningi ngaleyo njongo indlela ejwayelekile isetshenziswa.
Muva nje, ukusabalalisa okwandayo hydroponics indlela, ingasetshenziselwa ukukhulisa kakhulu isivuno, indlela ikulungele izimo zokuntuleka kwenhlabathi evundile, izindawo ezinamadwala, njll.
Le nqubo inomlando omude - nguyena owayesetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwesinye sezimangaliso zomhlaba - amasimu aseSemiramis.
Iyini i-hydroponics?
Hydroponics kuyindlela ehlukile yokutshala izitshalo, ezinamathuba nezinzuzo zayo. Ulwazi mayelana nama-nuances nokuhambisana nobuchwepheshe kusenza sikwazi ukusheshisa inqubo yokuthola isivuno semifino kanye namakhambi.
Uhlobo olubalulekile ku-hydroponics yikhono lokutshala izitshalo ngezinto eziwusizo (potassium, zinc, calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, nitrogen, njll). Njenge-substrate i-raber i-foam isetshenziswa, ubumba obwandisiwe nezinye izinto ezifanayo.
Iyini i-hydroponics esetshenziswa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo?
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydroponics endaweni yokushisa kuneqiniso izinzuzo uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zendabuko.
Le ndlela ivumela ukufeza imigomo elandelayo:
- ukukhiqiza ukwanda, izitshalo ziqiniswa ngenxa yokwanda kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nokukhululwa kwazo okusheshayo ezimpandeni;
- Asikho isidingo sokunisela njalozonke izinsuku ezingu-2-3 kuyadingeka ukwengeza isisombululo esitsheni;
- izimpande zihlale zimanzi futhi zingahlangabezane nokuntuleka kwe-oxygen, njalo lapho kwenzeka lapho utshala izitshalo emhlabathini;
- Isikhathi esinciphile, inani lezilokazane ezinambuzane liyancipha - asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa amakhemikhali ukuwalawula;
- akukho ama-radionuclides aqoqa ezitshalweni, nitrate nezinsimbi ezinzima, njalo zikhona emhlabeni.
Yiziphi izitshalo ezifanele ukutshala i-hydroponic
Le nqubo isetshenziswa kabanzi ekutshalweni kwezitshalo zasendlini, futhi manje indlela isetshenziselwa ukulima imifino, amajikijolo, amakhambi.
Ngokuvamile kaningi ukhukhamba, utamatisi, izithelo, ama-strawberries, ama-strawberries, i-parsley, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, i-basil, i-rosemary, i-ulethisi, i-mint, njll.
EJapane, i-hydroponics isetshenziselwa ukutshala ama-melon, futhi isivuno asiyona enkulu njengoba itshalwe phansi. E-Holland, le ndlela isakazeke ekutshalweni kwe-tulips, ama-roses nezinye izimbali ezihlobisa.
Yiziphi izinto ezidingekayo
Okudinga kakhulu namuhla ukufakwa kochwepheshe, ngokwemigomo yesenzo, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zazo.
Ngokusho komthombo wamanzi, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokufaka: i-aeroponic, drip kanye nezikhukhula ngezikhathi ezithile, lezi zinsuku zifuna kakhulu. Kodwa kunoma yiluphi uhlelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lusetshenziswe kanjani, ingxube yezinto ezondla izondla iyondla endaweni yomsuka, eyenza lula ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziwusizo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo.
Isici sokugunyazwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo olunjalo imbiza yamanziokuqukethe ngaphakathi (ipulasitiki yangaphakathi) kanye namandla angaphandle. Ezingezansi nasezindongeni kukhona imigodi lapho i-oksijeni kanye nezici ezilandelanayo eziwusizo ezinikezwa izimpande.
Ukutshala kwenziwa emkhunjini wangaphakathi ogcwele i-substrate, esetshenziselwa ukugcoba ngobumba obunwebukhulu obuyi-2-16 mm.
Lezi zinto azihambisani namakhemikhali, ngenxa yesakhiwo esibucayi sinikeza ukufaneleka komoya namanzi.
Insimbi yokulungisa izinga lemanzi kuleli tangi lifakwe kwisitsha sangaphakathi. Ibhodlela elingaphandle kufanele lihambise umoya, lihle futhi linokwethenjelwa; izitsha ze-ceramics, zensimbi, iplastiki, izinkuni zivame ukusetshenziswa emkhiqizweni.
I-hydroponics ingenziwa ngesandla, izinto ezidingekayo kulokhu:
- ibhakede elinomqulu we-lid of 10-15 amalitha .;
- ibhodlela, amandla okuthi kufanele abe ngaphansi izikhathi ezimbili;
- ipompo ye-aquarium;
- izingxenye zamapayipi epulasitiki;
- Ukwandiswa kwebumba - ama-granules kufanele abe ngosayizi omkhulu;
- I-timer (uma usebenzisa i-backlight eyengeziwe, i-timer ehlukile iyadingeka).
Izixazululo ezingamanzi
Ukulungiselela ikhambi akufani nokubunzima, ngenxa yalezi zinhloso kunconywa ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlanjululwe noma ahlukanisiwe. Umanyolo usetshenziselwa kuphela emva kokuba i-pH ilinganiselwe; emva kokwethulwa kwemithi ngayinye, ikhambi kumele lixutshwe ngokuphelele.
Isigaba ngasinye sokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo kufanele sihlangabezane nezinga elithile lokuqhuba umshini kagesi, okumele futhi kulinganiswe. Ingxube kumele igcinwe endaweni emnyama.
Muva nje, isidingo sokuzilungiselela isisombululo sesinyamalale, ngoba kunezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezixubile.
Izakhi zokulandelela zitholwa esixazululweni ngendlela yama-chelates noma ama-sulphurates, okokuqala kuyi-molecule ephilayo yomsuka wokufakelwa, umsebenzi wabo ukugcina izakhi ezibalulekile zokulandelela.
Izitshalo zibhekwa ngokubunjwa okuphelele, ngokungafani nomhlaba, ngesikhathi kudalwa okungenakwenzeka ukubala inani eliqondile lezinto eziwusizo, njengoba isitshalo sithola eziningi zazo emhlabeni.
Izici zemifino ekhulayo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ze-hydroponic
Izimpande zezitshalo zidinga izakhi kuphela, kodwa futhi i-oksijeni, kungenjalo zingamane zife. Zonke izitshalo kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile anikeze ukungenisa umoya. I-hydroponics endaweni yokushisa kufanele iqinisekise ukugeleza okufanayo nokukhishwa kwamanzi abilayo. 
Lo msebenzi unikezwa ipompi kagesi, enikeza izimo ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi isici esiyinhloko sitshalo se-hydroponic ukuhlukaniswa kwayo, izitshalo ezikhuliswe ngale ndlela akudingeki zisuswe ukhula, izinambuzane noma izifo eziphilisiwe. Ukushisa kwe-hydroponic ukutshalwa noma ukushisa okungekho ukuchelela ngaphandle kokunisela kuyisisombululo esihle, esiya ngokuya sithandwa.
Uhlelo lwe-hydroponic ye-DIY
Abaningi balimi bavame kakhulu ukuthola izithombo zokugcina zokugcina izitshalo ezenziwe ngezandla zabo.
Izigaba zokukhiqiza uhlelo olunjalo:
- Sika esikhwameni sesikhala sebhakede ukuze uhlale ebhodweni.
- Ngaphansi, yenza esinye izimbobo ezimbili zesisombululo.
- Namathisela ithubhu yepompo emgodini owodwa, unamathisele ithubhu lokuchichima edingekayo ukuze ulungise isixazululo esitini emgodini wesibili, kufanele kube ngu-3-4 cm ngezansi komphetho wethangi.
I-timer kufanele isethelwe kwimodi yeminithi eyishumi nanhlanu, ngesikhathi lapho ikhambi kufanele ligijimele ebhodweni, futhi ukukhishwa okuphambene kukhiqizwa imizuzu engamashumi amane nanhlanu. Ukugcizelela izitshalo ebumnyameni kuzosiza ukusheshisa ukukhula, izibani ze-ultraviolet zisetshenziselwa le njongo, i-timer ikuvumela ukuba uvule imizuzu engu-10-15. ebusuku
Isithombe
Isithombe ngezansi sibonisa ukugcina izithombo ze-hydroponic:
Isiphetho
Indlela ye-Hydroponics inezinkulungwane eziningana, indlela ikuvumela ukuba ukhule izitshalo ngesisombululo esinamandla ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Izindlu zokugcina zokugcina izitshalo ze-Hydroponic zifanelekile ukutshala izitshalo ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle kokutshala izitshalo, ngoba izithelo ziqala ukubola ngokushesha ngaphansi kwethonya lamanzi. Imishini ye-hydroponic yokugcina izithombo yodinga kakhulu.
Namuhla kunenombolo enkulu yokufakelwa okuhluke kakhulu, idivayisi yokushisa noma ukusetshenziswa kwekhaya ingenziwa ngesandla. Ngekhwalithi izixazululo ezondla izakhi zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa okwenziwe ngomumoezihlanjululwe emanzini ahlanjululwe noma adidisiwe.
