I-greenhouse yakho esiteshini yithuba elihle lokuzihlinzeka ngemifino yokuqala kanye nezithombo eziphakeme zamasiko ahlukahlukene. Kungenzeka ukwenza ukwakhiwa okunjalo esikhathini samahora., ngenxa yobuciko bomklamo nosayizi ohlangene.
Ukusebenzisa izithombo zokugcina
Kunezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezikhungweni eziningi zasendlini, abaningi bazifaka eziqhingini zasehlobo. Ngokuvamile kuzo zonke izitshalo zensimu, ukwakhiwa okunjalo enye yezimfanelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zesayithi.
Uma indawo yincane, ukushisa okushisa ingahlelwa ngendlela efanele odongeni lendlu ukusuka ohlangothini olumile. Lapho ukhetha indawo okudingayo ungayicabangi nje kuphela ukukhanyakodwa futhi ukuvikelwa umoyaizingozi izikhukhula futhi ukuguguleka kwemvula, ikhwalithi yomhlabathi.
Uhlu lwezitshalo eziyinhloko ezingatshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo:
- isithombo;
- isipinashi;
- anyanisi emifino;
- i-turnip turnip;
- iklabishi yokuqala;
- i-parsley nedill;
- isaladi;
- i-zucchini;
- utamatisi zakuqala;
- ukhukhamba;
- ama-strawberries;
- izitshalo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlobisa.
Izitshalo ezinganqandeki zingatshalwa ngqo emhlabathini owenziwe ngabamba ukushisa., kodwa utamatisi, ama-eggplant, pepper, ukhukhamba kanye nabanye izinhlobo zokushisa kufanele zitshalwe izithombo. Ukwenza lokhu, imbewu yabo ihluma kuqala endlini besebenzisa amakasitethi akhethekile noma amabhokisi.
Uma ukufakelwa izitshalo endaweni yokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuthungatha okuqinaEmva kwakho konke, esiteshini esiseduze, izitshalo zidonsa, zilahlekelwe amandla, futhi zivame ukubhekana nezifo. Kufanele kucatshangelwe futhi izinsuku zokufika ezivulekile: Izithombo eziningi zifihla amanye amasiko, zinkimbinkimbi ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo, zisinda kakhulu.
Ngesizathu esifanayo ukushisa ukushisa akunconywa ukuba ukhethe izinhlobo ze-curly nezindebe. Isibonelo, ukuthola isitshalo samakhukhamba okuqala, ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingcono zezinhlanzi eziphansi zamahlathi kanye neziphansi ezingadingi isikhala esikhulu futhi azidingi i-garter.
Izinzuzo nokungalungi
Izithombo zokugcina eziphethwe ngamafilimu zinayo eseduze izinzuzo:
- ukwakha ukwakhiwa okunjalo kudinga izindleko ezincanengoba ifilimu ingenye yezinto ezishibhile kakhulu, futhi ifreyimu ingahlanganiswa emiphakathini yokhuni, ukufakwa, amapayipi ensimbi engadingekile emndenini;
- ukwelula nokuvikela ifilimu, angabi namakhono akhethekile;
- lokhu ukugqoka kuyinto ngokuphelele ngokuphepha esebenza, ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile;
- ifilimu yokushisa isisindo esincanengakho-ke ingafakwa noma kuphi futhi ayidingi isisekelo esiqinile;
- ifilimu inkulu ivumela ukukhanya kwelanga.
Kungenzeka ukuhlangana nokufaka i-greenhouse yedwa. emahoreni ambalwa. Uma kunesidingo, umklamo uthuthela kwenye indawo ekupheleni kwenkathi, futhi njengoba kuqedwe kalula. Ukunakekela izitshalo nokuqhuma, ukugqoka kuvele kugoqwe ngakolunye uhlangothi noma kufakwe phezulu phezulu kuhlaka.
Kunezindawo zokugcina amafilimu futhi zihlukanisiwe ukwehluleka:
- ifilimu ayinakuphumelela ngamaqhwa anamandla kanye nesichotho eside esibandayo, ngakho-ke i-greenhouse isetshenziswa kuphela ngenkathi efudumele;
- lokhu ukugqoka kumele kususwe ehlathini ebusika futhi ushintshe ngokuphelele ezinkathini ezingu-2-3;
- ezinsukwini ezikhanyayo zelanga ezikhungweni zokugcina zokugcina ezivaliwe ukushisa izitshalolapho bangafa khona. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kufanele uvule i-greenhouse ukuze uthole umoya wokuphuza umoya ngesikhathi esifanele noma umthunzi ifilimu evela phezulu;
- buthakathaka kancane kuhlaka uzophulwa.
I-type greenhouse ifilimu uhlobo lwamafilimu
Naphezu kokulula komklamo, i-greenhouse ene-film coating inezimfihlo zayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu uthatha indaba yefreyimu bese ulungisa kahle ifilimuukugwema umonakalo walo. Ikhetho elilula liwukuthi polypropylene amapayipiokuyinto eguqa kalula zibe arcs, gcina isimo sabo kahle futhi musa ukusihliza ingubo. Imiphetho yamapayipi ingabanjwa emhlabathini, kodwa ukuvikeleka ngokuqinile nakakhulu kuhlaka lwebhodi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze i-greenhouse ye-tunnel uhlobo ingahambi ngaphansi kwemithwalo yemimoya, izisekelo eziqinile zemishayo zifakwe ngaphansi kwe-arcs eyedlulele. Ingxenye engezansi yemishayo eqhutshwa emhlabathini, futhi phezulu, ukuze kube lula ukukhuphuka, unqume ukuphuma kwe-tube ububanzi.
Amafreyimu enkuni ahlala isikhathi eside futhi enamandla, kodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okhethekile, abahlali isikhathi eside kakhulu. Uma ukhetho luwela phezu kwezinkuni, kufanele uqaphele ukuthengwa kusengaphambili. ukufakwa kokuvikela noma upende.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izakhi zefreyimu kumele ihlungwe ngokucophelelaukugwema ukuxubha ifilimu kumaphoyinti okunamathiselwe.
Phezu kokutholakala ukufakwa, ama-angles ensimbi noma amapayipi Ungenza uhlaka lwawo, kodwa ukushisa okunjalo kufanele kufakwe ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo noma wenze kube lula. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi insimbi, ngokungafani nezinkuni nepulasitiki, ushisa kakhulu phansi kwelanga futhi atshisa ifilimu, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kwangaphambi kwengubo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuso obunzima bufaka isandla ukuxubha ifilimu ezindaweni ze-prileganiye. Zombili izinkinga zixazululwa kalula: Ijajubhali igqoka phezu kwensimbi (izingcezu ze-hose, ama-tubes epulasitiki) nokudweba ezimhlophe. Imfucumfucu nepulasitiki akudabuki i-polyethylene, futhi umbala omhlophe unciphisa ukushisa kwezakhi cishe izikhathi ezimbili.
Ukuze wenze ukushisa okunamandla kunamandla, kufanele ufake izikhala ezengeziwe emaceleni kwesakhiwo futhi izintamo kusuka ohlangothini ngalunye. Uma isakhiwo side futhi side, ungafaka ama-props amaningana angaphandle kwamapulangwe ngaphakathi. Abanye balimi bakhetha ukuqinisa izithombo zokugcina izithombo ngosizo lokwelula amamaki avela kwithebhu, belihlukanisa phakathi kohlaka kanye nezikhonkwane zinyathelwe phansi.
Ifilimu ihlelwe kanjani ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kanye nokugcina izithombo? Ngemva kokubhekana nesakhiwo, kufanele uzinakekele izindlela zokulungisa ifilimu. Emagumbini amancane okugcina izithombo, uvele athathe phezulu. futhi lihleliwe nxazonke ngenye into esindayo, isibonelo, icindezelwe phansi ngamatshe, amapulangwe, izitini. Izakhiwo ezinkulu Le ndlela ayihambisani. Kunezinketho eziningana zokufaka ikhava:
- izinyosi noma ama-slats nezinkuni;
- ifenisha yefenisha;
- amaphrofayli akhethekile aphakanyisiwe;
- iziqeshana zeplastiki zamaritha ahlukahlukene.
Ukulungisa ifilimu ngosizo lwe-beadings nezipikili akudingi umzamo omkhulu, kodwa ikhwalithi yalokho okunamathiselweyo iyancipha ngokubonakala ekupheleni kwenkathi. Isihlahla siqhekeka elangeni, izikhala zivela phakathi kohlaka kanye nefilimu, ukugqoka kugcinwe kuphela ezipikili. Izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu eziphefumulayo zanele ukuba i-polyethylene iqede. Izinkinga ezifanayo ziphakama futhi uma kuhleliwe okuyisisekelo: ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izikhala zivela kumaphoyinti okunamathiselwe futhi ifilimu kufanele ishintshwe.
Amaphrofayli akha phezulu ikuvumela ukuba ulungise ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile ukugqoka kuhlaka. Zifanele kokubili izingxenye eziqondile nezigobile, ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziselwa ekwakhiweni kwe-arch uhlobo lokugcina izithombo zokugcina.
Ukusebenza nabo kulula, futhi ukukhipha okuwukuphela kwindleko ephezulu yokuqinisa.
Okukhethwa kukho okulula kakhulu futhi okuwusizo kokukhipha ifilimu uma uzinakekela wena iziqeshana zeplastiki for the greenhouse.
Zihluka ngobubanzi nobude, ziyakwazi ukumelana nemiphumela yokushisa, zikhonza okungenani iminyaka emihlanu. Uma kunesidingo, iziqeshana zinganqunywa zibe yizicucu 2 cm ububanzi.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba iziqeshana zinezigaba eziyindilinga, ifreyimu kumele yenziwe ngokuqiniswa noma amapayipi, izakhiwo ezenziwe ngemigoqo yamapulangwe nezinsika zensimbi, azifanelekile.
Inqubo ekhulayo ilula kakhulu.: Beka iziqeshana emanzini ashisayo imizuzu engu-1-2, bese usebenzisa ifilimu emgqeni bese ubeka izinsimbi, uzicindezele ngobumnene kuwo wonke umhlaba. 4-6 omfisha kusuka 8 kuya 15 cm ubude futhi okungenani izingcezu 20 ubude 4 cm adingeka imitha 1 linear.
Umhlangano we-DIY
Indlela yokwenza izithombo zokugcina nezithombo zokugcina ngaphansi kwefilimu ngezandla zakho: cabanga ngesithombe nesiteji ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo? Okokuqala udinga ukunquma ubukhulu bendawo yokushisa futhi uthole indawo enhle kuyo. Uma ungenalo ulwazi, akufanele uthathe indawo enkulu ngokushesha, kungcono ukwengeza kamuva. Ngokwesayizi wokushisa okuzayo lungiselela isayithi: kufanele itholakale ukusuka empumalanga kuya entshonalanga, ikhanyiswe ilanga kakhulu usuku, ivikeleke emoyeni. Indawo ekhethiwe ihlanjululwa futhi ihlanjululwe, umswakama onhlabathi ovuthiwe ususwe futhi ubeke eceleni.
Manje kuyadingeka pick up material, lungisa amathuluzi womsebenzi. Indlela elula yokwenza ngokwakho I-PVC igqoke uhlobo lokubamba ukushisa oluhlaza okwedlulele, ifilimu nokuliqinisa ngehlaka lokubonga. Ngesikhathi sokwakha kuzodinga:
- Amabhodi amane anesigaba sama-40x200 mm;
- ama-rebars angu-70 cm ubude;
- Amapayipi e-PVC;
- izibopho zensimbi zamapayipi;
- ifilimu encane yeplastiki;
- izipikili, izikuluvu kanye nesikebhe esibucayi.
Isinyathelo 1. Amabhodi agxilwe nge-antiseptic futhi omisiwe emoyeni. Okulandelayo knock out ibhokisi elingenxande ubukhulu besibamba sokushisa esizayo futhi usibeke endaweni esilungisiwe.
Isinyathelo 2. Ukusuka ngaphakathi emaceleni ebhokisi ukushayela izinduku zensimbi emhlabathiniokuyinto ezohlinzeka amandla engeziwe ngaphezulu.
Isinyathelo 3. Ubude bhokisi kusuka ngaphandle ukushayela ekuqiniseni yonke imitha engamitha. Izintambo kumele zingcwatshwe hhayi ngaphansi kuka-30 cm. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, benza okufanayo, bebeka lezi zinduku ngokufanayo.
Isinyathelo 4. Amapayipi anqunywe ukuze enze izingcezu zobude obufanayo, emva kwalokho afakwa emaphethelweni okugcizelela okuvela emhlabathini. Kufanele kuvele i-arallel efanayo arc ngenhla ebhokisini.
Isinyathelo 5. Thatha izinsimbi zensimbi futhi lungisa amapayipi emabhokisini nge izikulufa kanye isikulufa.
Isinyathelo 6. Gcwalisa ngaphakathi ebhokisini ngendwangu yendaba ebalulekile, bese usakaza uhlaka lwamagqabi asomile noma utshani obomile, futhi phezu kwawo uthele umhlabathi ovundile ungqimba olungama-10-12 cm. Manje ungabheka ukushisa okushisa.
Isinyathelo 7. Sula ifilimu bese uyilula phezulu kwe-arc. Ehlangothini ifilimu kufanele ihlale phansi. Ngeziqeshana isembozo siphezulu kwi-arc ngayinyengenkathi ezama ukugcina ukuhlukunyezwa kwezinto ezifanayo. Umngcele ophansi wefilimu obhekene nomjikelezo umquba nomhlaba noma ucindezelwe ngamabhodi.
Ngalokhu ukwakhiwa sekuphelile. Kungenzeka ukuthi uqale ukuhlwanyela emva kokuba inhlabathi ngaphakathi ivuselele ngokwanele..
Ngakho, ngezindleko ezincane, ungenza ukushisa okulula kulesi sakhiwo. Kuye ngohlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo (ungenza isamba sokushisa ngezandla zakho siqu kusuka ekubumbeni), izindlela zomhlangano zihlukile, kepha izinyathelo eziyisisekelo zihlala zifanayo. Uma ubuchwepheshe bubonakala, ukushisa okushisa kuzohlala isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka., enikeza abanikazi bayo ngemikhiqizo enobungozi.
