Izithombo ezinamathele nezithenda ze-pepper elimnandi zitholakala kakhulu ezifweni ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okuqhubekayo.
Uma inkinga ingaxazululwanga ngesikhathi esifanayo, ifa ngokushesha, kanti ezinye izifo zisakazeka ngokushesha futhi zithatha konke ukufika.
Ngaphandle kwepelepele ungahlushwa utamatisi, ama-eggplant nezinye izitshalo. Kuqala ukuhlinzeka ngezikhali ezinkulu zokusiza umlimi, kodwa into esemqoka ukuvikela nokunakekelwa okufanele.
Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo sepelepele futhi silwe nabo ngesithombe. Sichaza izimpawu zezifo nezindlela zokwelapha. Ake sitshele ukuthi kungani izithombo ze-pepper zifa?
Izimbangela zesifo
Ukuphuza ngokweqile, izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni, iziqukathi ezinkulu kakhulu, ukukhetha okungalungile, ukungabi nomoya omusha, noma umanyolo owedlula zonke - zonke lezi zinto ziphazamisa izitshalo ezincane.
Izimbangela zesifo nazo zingaba:
- imbewu enesifohhayi ukucubungula ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela;
- ukusetshenziswa amathuluzi engadini kanye neziqukathi ezixhumana nezitshalo ezigulayo;
- inhlabathi enezinambuzane eziyingozi kanye nezibungu zesinambuzane.
Isilinganiso esingcono kakhulu sokuvimbela sizobe sithumela imbewu enkingeni ebomvu i-potassium permanganate noma ku-3% i-hydrogen peroxide. Amabhokisi wezithombo namathuluzi ahlanziwe ngokuphelele, abilisiwe futhi aphethwe yi-disinfected nge-potassium permanganate, i-lime chloride noma ezinye izindlela.
Ukufika endaweni awukwazi ukusebenzisa insimu noma umhlabathi wokushisa, owawuvele ukhula, utamatisi noma ama-eggplant.
Indlela engcono kakhulu - inhlabathi evela phansi utshani noma imvelo. Ikakhulukazi ewusizo for pepper kukhona parsley, ubhontshisi, lwesinaphi.
UmhlabaKumelwe ukuba i-calcined noma ichithe ngesisombululo esine-aqueous sulfate. Zonke lezi zinyathelo zizovumela ukubhubhisa hhayi kuphela izinhlamvu zefungi, kodwa futhi nezibungu zezidakamizwa ezinambuzane.
Isilinganiso esihle kakhulu sokuvimbela - ukulima kanye nensimu phytosporin. Ukugxila okumile noma okudliwayo kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa, izilinganiso eziqondile zikhonjiswa kuphakheji. Ungakwazi ukusingatha kokubili izithombo ezinempilo futhi ezigulayo kakade. Ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinyathelo, umuthi unikeza umphumela ozinzile ekulwa nezifo ze-fungal nezibhaktheriya.
Izifo zezithombo ze-pepper bese zilwa nazo, isithombe
Isifo esivame kakhulu umlenze omnyama ngezinhlamvu ze-pepperyini okufanele uyenze? Kulula ukuyiqaphela: ingxenye ye-basal ye-stem i-darkens, bese iqala ukoma futhi ilula, ivimba ukutholakala kwezakhi kanye nomswakama engxenyeni engenhla yesitshalo. Esigabeni esithuthukile, izithombo ziqala ukuwa massively.
Izimbangela ze-blacktop:
- ukuqina kwe-landing;
- ukuchelela okuningi ekushiseni okuphansi;
- kakhulu kakhulu inhlabathi emuncu.
Siza ukulwa nesifo sishaye isitshalo se pinkings of potassium permanganate noma ukwelashwa ngamalungiselelo ethusi.
Ukushisa kwansuku zonke ekamelweni kufanele kuphakanyiswe kuma-degrees angu-22-24, ebusuku akufanele kuwele ngaphansi kwezingu-18.
Uma isithombo sesifinyelele eminyakeni eyizinsuku ezingu-15, kufanele sidonwe, singakhethi izimbiza ezinkulu kakhulu.
Umthamo ophezulu ungama-100-150 ml. Umhlabathi wokukhetha kufanele ube ukukhanya, ngenhlabathi encane. Amanzi izitshalo zidinga amanzi afudumele, angabi nesikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-6. Ngesikhathi sokuqoqa, zonke izithombo ezigulayo zinqatshiwe.
Umlenze omnyama esithombeni se-pepper izithombo:
Izifo ezingavamile - indawo emnyama ebhaktheriya. Lithinta amahlumela amancane namaqabunga nje avuliwe. Okokuqala kubonakala kwizithombo ama-black specks, kancane kancane inani labo landa. Ukuqala ukugula kubangela ukufa kwezitshalo.
Ukutshala kwenzeka lapho ukutshala kuqina, ukusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi engcolile noma imbewu. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kunconywa ukuthi uchithe inhlabathi ngesisombululo esine-languid-pink se-potassium permanganate kanye nokupuniza ngezikhathi ezithile zezitshalo nge phytosporin. Izitshalo ezithintekayo zisuswa ngokushesha futhi zibhujiswe..
I-Fusarium wilt. Isifo esivamile esithinta izithombo ngesikhathi sokuqala, ngemuva kokugcwaliswa okugcwele kwamaqabunga e-cotyledon. Amaqabunga aqala ukubola, aphendule phezulu, ekunqunyweni kwesiteji indandatho ye-vascular brown ibonakala ngokucacile. Isifo sofuba sisakazeka ngamathuluzi engadini, amabhokisi kanye nezimbiza, ngisho namagilavu.
Izitshalo ezithintekayo kufanele zisuswe ngesikhathi esifanele, izitshalo ezisele zifakwe ngokukhululekile nge-phytosporin noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezilwa ne-fungal. Izitshalo ezithandekayo zokukhetha izitshalo zisebenzisa umhlabathi okhanyayo, owenziwe phansi.
Ukubukeka isikhunta emhlabathini kanye nasezitshalweni zilimaza abalimi abangenalwazi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke isikhunta esiyingozi. Ukukhanya kukhanya phansi ebusweni bomhlaba, kubonisa ukungabi khona kwelanga kanye nomswakama owedlulele. Kuzosiza ukubeka amabhokisi anezimboni ngelanga elikhanyayo noma ngaphansi kwesibani, kanye nokuchelela ngokucophelela ngamanzi afudumele nokuqhuma njalo.
Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ikhululiwe ngokucophelela. Ungayigaya ngendwangu encane ye-peat, iyovikela ngokubunjwa futhi igcine amazinga ajwayelekile okumswakama.
I-fungus eyingozi kakhulu, eyabonakala emaqabeni nasezihlahleni zezithombo. Esinye sezifo ezivamile ukubola okumpungaokuthinta izithombo ezinamandla kakhulu. I-gray gray phansi ibonakala ngaphansi kwesitshalo futhi ihlanganisa umhlabathi. Uma ungalwi ne-gray mold, izitshalo zifa ngokushesha.
Uyabasiza ukuthi basindise sishaye isixazululo esimnyama esibomvu se-potassium permanganate, isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane.
Esinye isifo esiyingozi ukulimala kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile, i-pepper igciwane lesandulela ngculazi ngesikhathi kusetshenzwa izimbali, kepha ngezinye izikhathi izithombo ziyathinteka. Izihlumela ezincane zimbozwe isikhunta phansi kwesitshalo, amaqabunga aphuzi futhi aphuzi. Izitshalo ezigulayo kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha futhi zibhujiswe.
Abalimi bemifino abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayaqiniseka ukuthi i-pepper encane iyingozi kunazo zonke ezinsukwini ezingu-100 zokuqala. Kancane kancane, izitshalo zikhula ngamandla, zithola izifo ezivikela izifo. Ukutshala kabusha endaweni yokushisa noma emhlabathini kuyadingeka kuphela izibonelo ezinempilo enhle, ngaphandle kwezibonakaliso zefungus, wilt noma ezinye izifo.
Ukugcina ngokucophelela imithetho yokuhlanzeka, ukuchithwa kwenhlabathi nokuhlwanyela imbewu, ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nokushisa okufanelekile kuzosiza ukukhula izithombo ezinamandla nezithembisayo futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yezifo ezitshalweni ezindala. Uma kunjalo, izithombo ziyagula, khona-ke kufanele ziphathwe ngokushesha.
Ngakho-ke, saxoxisana nokutshala izithombo ze-pepper ekhaya, yiziphi izifo ezingaba khona, zibalwe izizathu ezenza izitshalo ezincane zigule, yini okufanele yenze uma amabala amhlophe noma ukubola ebonakala?
Izinto eziwusizo
Funda ezinye izihloko ezitshalweni ze-pepper:
- Ukutshala kahle kusuka enzalweni.
- Indlela yokutshala ama-peas amnyama, u-chili, omunyu noma omnandi ekhaya?
- Yini abagqugquzeli bokukhula nokuthi bangayisebenzisa kanjani?
- Izizathu eziyinhloko zokudonsa izithombo.
