Naphezu kwesayizi encane, i-voles kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu ukuvuna okusanhlamvu, kubangela ukufa kanye nezifo zezihlahla.
Abanqoba empini nomuntu hhayi ngobukhulu, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiwe kwezigaba zabo.
Ukuvota komhlaba
Ukubukeka: umzimba ohlangene onobude obunamaphesenti angu-10,5, umsila wobuncane obude - kuphela ibanga ukusuka kwiphondo lempumu kuze kube semsila wesilwane.
Ingemuva imfucu emnyama, izinhlangothi zikhanya kakhulu, isisu sisembala obomvu obushelelezi. Umbala womsila unombala obomvu ngaphezu nangaphezulu kwegrey-white ngezansi.
Spread: Ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia. Ikhetha amahlumela amancane anamahlathi amaningi.
Amandla: ama-rhizomes, izinambuzane, ama-acorns, amantongomane.
Ukuzala: kuze kufike ezizukulwaneni ezine ngonyaka, emalitha angu 4-6 cubs.
Izici: Amehlo nezindlebe zincane kunamalungu amaningi enhlobonhlobo, abesifazane banezinsipho ezine kuphela, amathanga angu-5 ezithambile emilenzeni yabo yangemuva, ukubeka izimbobo ngezingxenye eziningi.
Kungalimaza abalimi: ngesitshalo esincane se-acorns, ama-voles angashiya izingulube zasendle nezinyosi ngaphandle kokudla okuvamile, okungahle kuchithe amasimu okulimaza amasimu ezolimo.
Eminyakeni emihle, ingasongela kokuqukethwe okusanhlamvu nezitshalo zemifino.
I-Brazilian (i-Acodone)
Ukubukeka: ubude obufinyelela ku-12 cm, ubuchopho obomvu obunamhlophe noma obunantsundu, umsila omude.
Spread: ENingizimu Melika.
Amandla: izitshalo (kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lokudla abadlayo kanye / noma izimpande).
Ukuzala: kabili ngonyaka amalitha ama-4-5 cubs.
Izici: izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwamagundane amancane eNingizimu Melika.
Kungalimaza abalimi: ukubhujiswa kwezithombo ezitshalweni zezolimo, ukulimala kwamasheya asebusika hhayi ngaphansi kokwelashwa okushisa.
Umnyama
Ukubukeka: ikhanda liyindilinga, umzimba uhambelana, umsila u-1/3 womzimba womzimba, umbala ugobile, izindlebe zincane, amaphuzu emilenze yangemuva ihlangene.
Spread: Ingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia, iSiberia (esentshonalanga, izifunda eziphakathi), ikhetha izindawo, izikhukhula zemifula, imiphetho, ama-glades, ezindaweni ezingasetshenziselwa izivande zemifino, izakhiwo zomhlaba.
Amandla: utshani obuncane, amagxolo, amahlumela, ngezinye izikhathi izinambuzane.
Ukuzala: Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwenzeka lapho ufinyelela inyanga / kabili, esitsheni sama-pups ayisithupha (ngezinye izikhathi 15), ngonyaka unyaka ngamunye kuya kwezintathu.
Izici: bukhoma, ubumbene nezinhlobo eziningana ezivela emzimbeni owodwa.
Kungalimaza abalimi: ukugxila emagqabeni, kungabangela ukufa kwezihlahla ezincane, kufinyelele ezitokisini, hhayi nje ukuzibhubhisa kancane, kodwa futhi ukunciphisa izinga lokugcina imifino ewonakele, engabangela ukubonakala kwe-nidus of rot.
I-cranial encane
Ukubukeka: umzimba ukhulu kakhulu kunenhloko encane, izindlebe zifihliwe oboya obuhlaza. Ukukhanya kombala okukhanyayo kobuchopho kusuka ocher kuya emnyama. Umsila ubude, ubude bomzimba - kufika ku-125 mm.
Spread: izindawo ezivulekile zezindawo zezintaba, ama-alpine meadows, i-Kazakhstan, ephakathi kweMongolia, iBashkiria, izindawo eziseningizimu yeChina, esifundeni sase-Ural esentshonalanga, esifundazweni sase-Amur, esifundeni saseTien Shan.
Amandla: i-sedge, utshani obukhulu, izitshalo, amahlumela amancane, amagxolo emithi emincane.
Ukuzala: kuze kube ngamalitha amahlanu anama-5-7 cubs.
Izici: bayakwazi ukufuna ukudla ngokwabo izinsuku ezingu-10 zokuphila, balungiselela ubusika, benze izinqolobane eziningi.
Kungalimaza abalimi: i-vole ingaphazamisa amasimu ngokusanhlamvu ukuze kube nezindawo zokugcina izimoto, ukulimala izingadi.
I-flat-skull
Ukubukeka: Izindlebe zibonakala kahle, amadevu amaningi, umsila onomunwe futhi. Usayizi jikelele - kufika ku-125 mm. I-skull iyigugu, ububanzi bayo buphindwe kabili ukuphakama.
Isifunda sangaphakathi sibhekene nokucindezeleka. Ubomvu bude, bukhuni obunamabala obuhlaza. Isibeletho sikhanya. Umsila we-monochrome, ophuzi noma omhlophe.
Spread: ukhetha ukuhlala endaweni engasogwini lwemifula, emanzini. Itholakala e-Altai, e-Kazakh Highlands, eMongolia.
Amandla: izingxenye eziluhlaza zezitshalo ze-herbaceous, izitshalo ezihlaza.
Ukuzala: kuze kube ngamatitha amathathu ngonyaka nge 5-7 amathole.
Izici: ezihambayo (zingagxuma ukunqoba kuze kube ngu-50 cm ngesikhathi esisodwa, ekhuphuka ngesikhathi esifanayo ngamasentimitha angu-40 ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlaba), lihlanganisa u-10 kg wezinqolobane emgodini; ukufakwa endaweni eyigwala, kungase kuqale ukugcwalisa imifucu ngamatshe amatshe, ukuwalungisa nge-droppings.
Kungalimaza abalimi: I-vole ingase ihambele amahlumela aluhlaza uma izitshalo zasebusika zingekho.
Isithombe
Khona-ke ungabona i-Brazilian, emnyama, encane-i-skull, i-flat-skull ne-vole komhlaba emfanekisweni:
Izindlela zokulwa nokuvikela
Ngaphakathi izimboni zezimboni emhlabathini ngamagundane ekulweni:
- isitshalo esivuthayo emva kokuvuna,
- ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane zamasimu,
- ukulimaza umhlaba kanye neziqephu eziseduze.
Ezindawo zokugcina okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu, ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo:
- izicupho, ama-scary,
- isimo sezitha zemvelo (amakati, izinyosi).
KUBALULEKILE! Ukukhanga amakati ekuvikelweni kwamasheya, ungasebenzisi ubuthi bokulawula i-rodent.
Izindlela ezingaqondile:
- isifiso sokuheha izinyoni zezilwane zasendle eziseduze nomhlaba wezolimo.
Ama-Voles, njengezindundane zendlu, izidalwa ezinhle ezingenakucabangela kakhulu izinhlanzi zokudla, kodwa futhi abathwali bezifo eziyingozi, ezinzima.
Ngakho-ke, kulabo abalimi, umsebenzi wokuvimbela ukukhula kwenani lamagundane kufanele kufakwe esigabeni sokugunyazwa.
