Ukukwazi okuhlukahlukeneyo utamatisi "Isimangaliso se-Balcony." Izincomo ezisebenzayo zokukhula nokukhathalela ekhaya nasensimini

Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezinamathele wezitamatisi "I-Balcony Miracle" inezindawo ezihlobisa kakhulu nokuhlobisa okuhle.

Inkathi yayo encane yokukhula ikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esihle kokubili ekhaya nalapho usukhulile ensimini.

Izithelo ezinamathambo ezinamandla, ezinomsoco zinomthamo owengeziwe we-lycopene, ezifanele ukuqandisa futhi zilungiselela izitsha zemifino enomsoco.

Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukutshela ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokutshala uhlobo oluthile lwesitamatisi ebhaleni, sizophinde sibheke umehluko wokulima emkhakheni ovulekile.

Incazelo kanye nezici zezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi

Izithelo zibomvu, zizungezile, ziluhlaza, isisindo sezintathu zomtamatisi kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-70 amagremu. Izithelo ziqukethe imbewu eningi, zine-pulp enomsindo enomzimba onomqondo ophakeme we-pectin, i-fibre yokudla, amanzi, ushukela, i-lycopene. Bush compact, standard. Isiqu esiphezulu sinamandla, kuze kube ngamamitha angu-12 ubukhulu, sigcina ngokuqinile ukulimala kwesitshalo. Amaqabunga ama-emerald aluhlaza, aphunga, ahlukaniswe, anezeluleko ezizungezile. Izimbali eziphuzi ezikhanyayo.

Umlando we-Inference

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zavuthwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20 ngabalimi baseRashiya nabaseJalimane.. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakunezigaba ezimbili zezinhlobonhlobo: enye yayinezithelo ezithambile nezitshalo ezinomnandi, kodwa zazingenakulinganiswa ne-phytophthora, i-septoria nezinye izinambuzane.

Iqembu lesibili lezinhlobonhlobo, elihlanganisa amasampula amaningi aseJalimane, eFulentshi naseSweden, lalinokumelana nesithwathwa nokumelana nezifo, kodwa izithelo zazo zazinamanzi futhi zihlanzekile. Ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuningi kwezinkathi ezithile zezinkathi ezithile, kutholakala izinhlobo ezibonakalayo ezifanelekayo ekutshalweni okufuywayo, okutholakala ukuphikiswa nokuvuna izithelo ezinomsoco.

Imisebenzi yokulungiselela: indawo, ukukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa, umswakama

• Ukulungiselela isayithi.

  Ukuze ukhule lokhu kuhlukahluka utamatisi emabhodwe ekhaya, kokubili ifasitela sill kanye balcony kuyoba efanelekayo. Utamatisi akhula ngokulinganayo emabhokisini okhuni, nasezimbizeni zezimbali, iziqukathi zepulasitiki. Amandla okuvuna kumele atholakale ngaseceleni kweNingizimu-mpumalanga, eningizimu-ntshonalanga yendlu ngaphandle kwezinye izitshalo.

• Ukukhanyisa.

  Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya futhi kufanele sihlanganiswe kakhulu ngosuku (amahora angu-6-8). Uma kunikezwa ukukhanya okwanele kunconywa ukusebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent.

• Ukushisa.

  Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kokuhlwanyela imbewu kuwu-18-20 degrees, ukukhula okuqhubekayo - ama-15-25 degrees.

• Umswakama.

  Umoya akufanele ube owomile kakhulu, izinga elilinganiselwe - 40-70%.

• Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela.

  Isikhathi sincike lapho kudingekile ukuvuna, nangesikhathi sobude esifundeni. Uma kuhlelwe ukuvuna utamatisi ngo-Ephreli-May, imbewu ihlwanyelwe ngasekupheleni kukaDisemba noma ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. Uma isivuno sizovuna ngo-Okthoba-Novemba, imbewu ihlwanyelwa phakathi no-Agasti. Uma amahora emini kule ndawo emfushane, ahlwanyela amasonto amabili ngaphambili kunezinsuku ezibalwe ngenhla.
• Amathangi okufika.

  Ibhodlela: angabi ngaphezu kwama-10-12 amalitha emthamo, izinto - ipulasitiki, ifomu - i-rectangular noma nxazonke. Ukuphakama kwembiza akufanele kube ngaphezu kwamamentimitha angama-30-35, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sinikeza amahlamvu amaningi.

  Ibhokisi lezithombo: ubukhulu obungamamitha angu-30 kuya ku-40, izinto - izinkuni, ipulasitiki, isimo somugqa, isikwele. Ukuphakama kwebhokisi akufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-30-35 amentimitha. Zonke iziqukathi zezithombo kufanele zibe nama-pallets.

Izithombo ezikhulayo ekhaya

Okulandelayo, tshela ukuthi ungakhula kanjani utamatisi ekhaya: efasiteleni noma ebhodini.

Ukukhethwa kweMbewu

Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukuhlola imbewu yokuhluma., yenza ukukhishwa kwesisu nokugcoba.

1. Imbewu ifakwe emgodini weglasi bese ithululelwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (1: 5000) imizuzu engu-15-30.
2. Imbewu eluhlaza isuswe (ayinalutho).
3. Emva kwenqubo, imbewu ihlanjululwa ngamanzi futhi igxilwe, noma ifakwe kwi-gauze emanzi ngosuku, ukugcina izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ku-18-22 degrees.

Ukulungiselela inhlabathi efanele

Inhlabathi yokuhlwanyela kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi idliwe kahle. Ukusetshenziswa komhlabathi womquba, loamy noma umhlabathi awuvumelekile. Akunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-primer ejwayelekile yemibala yasekhaya.. Umhlabathi owenziwe owakhiwe utamatisi ufanelekile ukutshala; ungahle ulungise inhlabathi ngokwawo ngokwendlela elandelayo:

• 50% we-humus;
• 45% inhlabathi emnyama;
• superphosphate - 30-40 amagremu;
• umlotha okhuni - 100-200 amagremu;
• urea - ama-gramu angu-10;
• amaminerali amaminerali asekelwe potassium - 40 amagremu.

Uma inhlabathi ithathwe engadini, ihlaselwa ngokuyibeka kuhhavini elifudumele noma i-microwave ngomzuzu owodwa isigamu sehora.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu

Abaningi banesithakazelo sendlela yokutshala kahle imbewu yezotamatisi ekhaya. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezindebe zepulasitiki enhlabathini enomswakama ngokujula okungaphezulu kuka-1.0-1.5 cm, ifafazwe umhlaba (ingahlanganiswa nama-humus ku-1: 1) futhi ivaliwe ngefilimu ukudala i-mini-greenhouse. Ukutshala isidleke 2-3 imbewu egumbini elilodwa.

Ukunakekela

1. Ngemuva kokuvela kwehlumela ifilimu kuyadingeka ukuthi isuswe.
2. Ama-weaker amahlumela asusiwe, ashiya i-1 ihlume.
3. Emva kwalokhu, izitsha zidluliselwa egumbini elinamazinga okushisa ama-15-25 degrees, ngezikhathi ezithile ziphendulela ngezinhlangothi ezihlukene ezise elangeni - khona-ke amahlumela azokhula ngendlela efanayo.

Ukunisela ama-saplings kwenziwa isikhathi 1 ezinsukwini ezingu-7-8, ngaphandle kokuthola izitshalo. Ukukhula kwamahlumela kuhlaka akuvumelekile.

Inqubo yokufika

Isikhathi sokutshala sezithombo: hhayi ngaphambi kokuba iziqu zezithombo zithole ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angu-15 (ezinsukwini ezingu-20-25).

Inqubo yokutshala: lungisa umhlabathi omusha. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evamile futhi ivundile., kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa umhlabathi kusukela emibhedeni ngenkathi kusetshenziselwa umlotha, futhi usebenzise inhlabathi ethengiwe noma ulungiselelwe ngesandla (ungaphinda indlela yokulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala imbewu). Inhlabathi eqinisekisiwe ayisetshenzisiwe. Uma i-medium is acidic kancane, ama-gramu angu-50 wezinkuni azongezwa kuso.

1. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo zisuswa ngokucophelela ezikhathini bese ziphuziswa ngamanzi afudumele ukususa inhlabathi engaphezulu.
2. Izitshalo zifakwa emhlabathini.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithombo zitshalwe ekujuleni kuka-10-12 cm.
4. Fafaza umhlaba futhi ulula kancane.

Imiyalo yokunakekelwa ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukunisela kanye nomanyolo

Ukunisela izitshalo ngamanzi kampompi akuvumelekile.. Futhi ungasebenzisi amanzi abandayo noma ashisayo (ngaphansi kuka-18 noma ngaphezulu kuka-35 degrees). Ngaphambi kokuchelela, kudingeka uhlole izinga lokushisa kwamanzi nge-thermometer (izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingama-18-25 degrees).

Amanzi okunisela kufanele alungiselelwe kusengaphambili - izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokunisela, amanzi aqoqwe ngethangi futhi avikelwe. Umanyolo womanyolo wenziwa izikhathi okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngesikhathi sokukhula, okokuqala - ngemva kokuvela kwamahlumela, okwesibili - ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okwesibili - ngesikhathi sezithelo noma isonto ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.

Potassium, umquba wamaminerali we-phosphoric asetshenziswa njengama-fertilizer.. Uhlelo oluphakanyisiwe: ama-gramu ama-5 we-superphosphate, igramu engu-1 ye-urea, igramu engu-1 ye-potassium sulfate ngamalitha angu-1 wamanzi ase-distilled. Ungasebenzisa umquba owenziwe ngomumo wezitamatisi - "Tsitovid", "Epin".

Ukunciphisa nokuhlanganisa

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubuningi kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuphoqa. Inqubo kufanele ifakwe lapho lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama okungenani amasentimitha angu-15. Ukuqubuzana kwenziwa engxenyeni engenhla yenduku ephakathi, futhi kuthatha amagatsha amakhulu.

Ukutshala isitshalo akuvumelekile uma ukhulile ekhaya, kodwa kuvunyelwe ekuphakameni kwesitshalo okungaphezu kwamamitha angu-55, ngenxa yalokho zonke izakhi zizoqala ukugeleza kwisithelo, hhayi emagqabeni. Kudingeka ukhethe izimbali ezengeziwe ezivela ehlathini ukuze izithelo zikhulu futhi zithande.. Lesi sitshalo akudingeki ukuba sibekwe.

Izintambo nokulenga

Uma ukhulile ekhaya, utamatisi awunakubekwa. Ukubopha futhi akufanele kube, ngoba isiqu sesitshalo sinamandla futhi siqinile, sigcinwa kahle sonke isihlahla. Uma ukukhonta kungenziwanga, kuvunyelwe ukufaka amagatsha aphezulu.

Ukushayela umoya

Kuyindlela edingekayo ethonya impova kanye nezithelo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kunconywa ukuba uqhube ekamelweni okungenani izikhathi ezingu 6 ngosuku. imizuzu engu-15-20, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile zithuthukisa izihlahla.

Izithelo: kungakanani nokuthi ngilindele nini?

Izinkathi zonyaka ezikhulayo kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-75 kuya kwezingu-92 kuye ngokuthi ukukhanya nokukhathalela. Ukukhiqiza kwenza ama-kilogram angu-2 kusuka e-bush 1.

Izici nokungafani kokulima emhlabathini ovulekile

Sesivele sichaze indlela yokutshala utamatisi efasiteleni noma emkhathini, manje ake sikhulume ngezici zokulima kwazo ensimini. Lapho ukhula utamatisi walezi ezihlukahlukene emhlabathini ovulekile, lezi zici ezilandelayo ziyabonakala futhi umehluko:

• Njengoba umhlaba ovulekile ucebile kakhulu ngezakhi zomzimba, ukufaka umanyolo kuqhutshwa kancane kancane futhi kunamanani amancane kunokuthi uma ukhula ekhaya. Inani elilinganayo liphindwe kabili ngesikhathi sezimbali kanye nezithelo. Imifuno yemvelo isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko (humus, ikhasi lebhanana, umlotha okhuni ngesilinganiso sika 150-200 amagremu omanyolo ngamunye wemitha yesikwele).
• Ukusika izikhwebu kuyenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sinikeza induku ende enesisindo esincane nesithelo.
• Isitshalo siboshwe ngezintambo ezinzima ezibhekeni zensimbi noma zeplastiki, uma zingenakunyulwa. Ungasebenzisa i-trellis ngemigqa yocingo lapho izihlahla zizohlanganiswa khona.
• Izinduku zokhuni noma izitebhisi nazo zisekelwa uma ukuphakama kwesitshalo kudlula amasentimitha angu-60.
• Ukunisela kwenziwa kaningi, 1 njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4 kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya, emva kokuphuzisa inhlabathi ikhululiwe.
• Ungasebenzisi umanyolo we-nitrogen, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo ngeke sithele izithelo.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinokusetshenziswa okuningi, kufaka phakathi ukukhanda, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukusetshenziselwa ngenkathi ebandayo.